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C Bauer

Publications and source records attributed to C Bauer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Genotyping of human neutrophil antigen-5a (Ond).

Antibodies to human neutrophil alloantigens (HNA) can cause immune-mediated neutropenias and transfusion complications. The diagnosis of antibodies to the HNA-5a (Ond) isoform of the alphaLbeta2 integrin is hampered by the lack of reliable methods for HNA-5a antigen typing. We have devised a polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primer method (PCR-SSP) and used it to determine the HNA-5a gene frequencies in 320 individuals from different ethnicities. 15.3% were found to be HNA-5a negative, with no significant deviation between the populations. Results of HNA-5a genotyping were in accordance with phenotyping. Availability of HNA-5a PCR-SSP will facilitate the diagnosis of Ond antibody-mediated clinical conditions.

Alleles↗
PubMed2005

Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in patients with serologically verified Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

The possibility of liver involvement in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is still controversial. This study investigated 33 adult patients with serologically confirmed M. pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) (median age 31 years) and 38 patients with bacteraemic Streptococcus pneumoniae CAP (median age 54 years), all without pre-existing liver disease. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were elevated in 12 (36.4%) patients with M. pneumoniae CAP (median 53.5 U/L), and in four (10.5%) patients with S. pneumoniae CAP (median 61 U/L) (p 0.025). In most patients with M. pneumoniae CAP, the elevated ALT levels decreased during macrolide therapy, although this decrease was not significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sows in Münsterland, Germany.

A cross-sectional survey was performed to obtain current data on the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in breeding sows in Münsterland, Germany. Antibodies to T. gondii were detected by ELISA in 140 (9.3%) of the 1500 sows examined. Forty-two (56%) of the 75 surveyed farms harboured at least one seropositive animal. In 3 (5%) of 62 farms where at least 10 sows had been examined > or = 30% of the animals were seropositive.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Cross-sectional survey in pig breeding farms in Hesse, Germany: seroprevalence and risk factors of infections with Toxoplasma gondii, Sarcocystis spp. and Neospora caninum in sows.

A cross-sectional survey was performed to estimate the prevalences of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii (ELISA, IFAT), Sarcocystis spp. (ELISA, using S. miescheriana as antigen) and Neospora caninum (ELISA, immunoblotting) in sows from breeding farms in southern Hesse, Germany. A total of 2041 plasma samples of sows from 94 randomly selected farms was examined. Data on farm profiles, husbandry management and sows were collected by a questionnaire and exploratively analysed. For T. gondii the ELISA results agreed well with the results obtained by IFAT (kappa=0.71). Antibodies to T. gondii were detected by ELISA in 19% of the sows. Sixty-nine percent of the farms had at least one seropositive sow, and a within-farm seroprevalence of >or=50% was observed in 14% of all farms. The prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was positively correlated with the age of sows. The within-herd seroprevalence was significantly higher in farms with reproductive disorders than in those without such problems. On the farm level, the farm type 'piglet production' (versus 'pedigree breeding' or 'farrow-to-finish') was the only risk factor associated with the presence of T. gondii-seropositive sows. Antibodies to Sarcocystis spp. were found in 29% of the sows. Seventy-two percent of the farms harboured at least one seropositive sow, and a within-farm seroprevalence of >or=50% was detected in 23% of all farms. The seroprevalence increased significantly with the age of sows. On the farm level, only the farm type 'piglet production' (versus 'pedigree breeding') and the replacement of sows by purchasing (versus raising on the own farm) were identified as risk factors for seropositivity. Antibodies to N. caninum were detected in one sow using both the screening ELISA and the confirmatory immunoblotting technique. This may indicate the first natural N. caninum infection in pigs.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

Limits for the central production of Theta+ and Xi(--)pentaquarks in 920-GeV pA collisions.

We have searched for Theta+(1540) and Xi(--)(1862) pentaquark candidates in proton-induced reactions on C, Ti, and W targets at midrapidity and square root of s = 41.6 GeV. In 2 x 10(8) inelastic events we find no evidence for narrow (sigma approximately 5 MeV) signals in the Theta+ --> pK0(S) and Xi(--) --> Xi- pi- channels; our 95% C.L. upper limits (UL) for the inclusive production cross section times branching fraction B dsigma/dy/(y approximately 0) are (4-16) mub/N for a Theta+ mass between 1521 and 1555 MeV, and 2.5 mub/N for the Xi(--). The UL of the yield ratio of Theta+/Lambda(1520) < (3-12)% is significantly lower than model predictions. Our UL of B Xi(--)/Xi(1530)0 < 4% is at variance with the results that have provided the first evidence for the Xi(--).

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomin populations on horse farms in western Anatolia, Turkey.

A cross-sectional survey was performed on ten stud farms in western Anatolia, Turkey, in order to provide the first information on the problem of anthelmintic resistance in equine strongyles in this country. Benzimidazole (BZ) resistant cyathostomin populations were detected on seven farms if pre- and post-treatment egg counts are compared in treated animals and the resistance is defined as a mean faecal egg count reduction (FECR) of <95% with a lower 95% confidence limit of <90%. Egg hatch tests using an ED(50) of 0.1 microg/ml thiabendazole as the cut-off value confirmed BZ resistance on four of the seven farms. The probable reasons for the occurrence of BZ resistance are discussed. Resistance to pyrantel embonate or macrocyclic lactones, evaluated on five and six farms, respectively, was not detected using the FECR test.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Emergencies in allergology].

The clinical presentation of allergological emergencies is heterogeneous. The most important conditions are anaphylaxis (which is frequent) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis (which are rare). In the acute phase it is most important to recognize the exogenous elicitation of the condition as soon as possible, otherwise severe sequelae, even death of the patient, may occur. Management is based on immediate elimination of possible causative agents and symptomatic therapeutic measures. Furthermore, allergological diagnostics are necessary without delay to identify what has elicited the reaction. This information makes possible long-term treatment in order to avoid further hypersensitivity reactions.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed2004

[A handicap for life - overweight and obesity in pre-school children in Karlsruhe].

BACKGROUND: Within the past few years the number of children and adolescents in Germany presenting with overweight and obesity has continually increased. A final review of the present situation is not possible, since the investigations in different regions of Germany vary greatly. The body weight data in different age categories of schoolchildren are mostly collected as a part of the school enrollment medical checkup. GOAL: The present situation of overweight and obesity in preschool children in Karlsruhe is reported in two prevalence studies. METHOD: The data and facts on preschool children were collected within the enrollment medical checkup between the ages of three to seven years. RESULTS: Every 13 th child in Karlsruhe's kindergartens is overweight. Every 8 th child with the school enrollment medical checkup is overweight, and almost half of them are obese. The number of overweight children begins at about the age of five, it increases continuously and doubles within two years from 8 to 16 %. Every 5 (th) child of families of non-German origin is overweight. DISCUSSION: The number of overweight and obese children increases continually during preschool age. In the modern way of living, children with genetic predisposition hardly have a chance to keep their overweight in control through sports and healthy eating habits. Hence children of socioeconomically underprivileged families need more support and guidance to achieve a healthy life. The consequence of these alarming results prompted Karlsruhe in 2002 to carry out a project with intervention-programmes for kindergartens within the areas of physical exercise and eating habits.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

Prevalence, risk factors and economic importance of infestations with Sarcoptes scabiei and Haematopinus suis in sows of pig breeding farms in Hesse, Germany.

A cross-sectional survey was performed in 110 randomly selected pig-breeding farms of southern Hesse, Germany to estimate the prevalence of ectoparasite infestations and to find possible risk factors. Ear scrapings of, if available, 10 sows per farm were examined for Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis (De Geer) (Acaridida: Sarcoptidae) by the potassium hydroxide digestion method, and a total of 2754 sows was inspected for skin lesions and infestations with Haematopinus suis (L.) (Anoplurida: Haematopinidae). Data on farm profiles and sows were collected by a questionnaire. In total, 19.1% and 2.5% of the sows were found to be infested with S. scabiei or H. suis, respectively. The percentage of mite or louse infestation was significantly higher in sows showing pruritus than in those without skin lesions. Both ectoparasite infestations were related neither to the age of sows nor their reproduction status, nor to the time interval to last ectoparasite treatment. Using farms as the unit of analysis, the estimated prevalence of mange mite and louse infestations was 45.4% and 14.5%, respectively. There was no significant association between the presence of S. scabiei and H. suis in the farms. Risk factors for S. scabiei infestation were mixed housing of dry and nursing sows in the same unit (vs. separate housing) and straw bedding (vs. strawless). For louse infestation, only mechanical cleaning of stable units (vs. additional use of disinfection methods) and pasturing of gilts and dry sows were identified as risk factors. The economic loss by S. scabiei infestation in the study population was assessed at euro 4200 per affected farm and year on average.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed2004

Comparison of BIS and AAI as measures of anaesthetic drug effect during desflurane-remifentanil anaesthesia.

BACKGROUND: Autoregressive modelling with exogenous input of the middle-latency auditory evoked potential has been developed for monitoring of anaesthetic depth. This study was designed to investigate the dose-response relationship between endtidal desflurane concentrations and the Alaris Autoregressive Index (AAI, Alaris Medical, Hampshire, UK, version 1.4) or the bispectral index (Aspect Medical Systems, Newton, MA, USA, version XP). METHODS: Twenty-one patients scheduled for radical prostatectomy were investigated. After premedication and induction of anaesthesia with propofol und remifentanil all patients received atracurium and a remifentanil background infusion at a constant rate of 0.1 micro g kg(-1) min(-1). During dissection of the prostate, desflurane endtidal concentrations were varied between 3 and 9 vol%. Both AAI and BIS were determined and compared with the respective endtidal desflurane concentration. RESULTS: None of the patients showed a significant change of AAI values while changing the desflurane concentrations between 3 and 9 vol%. The dose-response of BIS values and desflurane concentrations was not uniform: two patients showed increasing BIS values with increasing desflurane concentrations, while in three patients BIS values remained unchanged. In 16 patients decreasing BIS values adequately reflected an increase in desflurane concentrations. CONCLUSION: Changes of desflurane concentrations during deep anaesthesia were adequately displayed only in 16 of 21 cases by BIS but in none of the cases by AAI monitoring.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Husbandry management, worm control practices and gastro-intestinal parasite infections of sows in pig-breeding farms in Münsterland, Germany.

A cross-sectional survey was performed on 144 farms randomly selected from 3 breeding organisations in Münsterland, Germany, to obtain representative data on husbandry management, worm control practices and their possible associations with gastro-intestinal parasite infections in sows. Straw bedding was provided in the majority of gestation units; lactating sows were frequently kept strawless. Pasturing of gilts and non-lactating sows were performed in 37% of the farms. Sows were treated with anthelmintics (mainly benzimidazoles, ivermectin or levamisole) in 98% of the farms. The proportions of farmers performing the 'targeted' (mainly prefarrowing) or 'non-targeted' treatment strategy (treatment of all animals several times per year) were similar. Piglets were anthelmintically dosed in only 19% of the farms. Patent infections of sows with Oesophagostomum spp., Ascaris suum, Trichuris suis and Eimeria spp. were detected in 79%, 7%, 8% and 29% of all the farms, respectively. Hyostrongylus rubidus infections were only found in farms with pasturing. The within-farm prevalences of both the strongylid and Eimeria infections were negatively correlated with the herd size but positively with the weaning age. Risk factors for strongylid infections were straw bedding in pens and pasturing. Pasturing was a risk factor for Eimeria infections too. There was a positive association between the time interval to last deworming of sows and strongylid egg counts. However, neither the treatment strategy nor the anthelmintic class used was associated with nematode infections. No relations were found between different cleaning methods in stables and endoparasite infections.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed2003

Pivotal role of reduced glutathione in oxygen-induced regulation of the Na(+)/K(+) pump in mouse erythrocyte membranes.

This study addresses the mechanisms of oxygen-induced regulation of ion transport pathways in mouse erythrocyte, specifically focusing on the role of cellular redox state and ATP levels. Mouse erythrocytes possess Na(+)/K(+) pump, K(+)-Cl(-) and Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporters that have been shown to be potential targets of oxygen. The activity of neither cotransporter changed in response to hypoxia-reoxygenation. In contrast, the Na(+)/K(+) pump responded to hypoxic treatment with reversible inhibition. Hypoxia-induced inhibition was abolished in Na(+)-loaded cells, revealing no effect of O(2) on the maximal operation rate of the pump. Notably, the inhibitory effect of hypoxia was not followed by changes in cellular ATP levels. Hypoxic exposure did, however, lead to a rapid increase in cellular glutathione (GSH) levels. Decreasing GSH to normoxic levels under hypoxic conditions abolished hypoxia-induced inhibition of the pump. Furthermore, GSH added to the incubation medium was able to mimic hypoxia-induced inhibition. Taken together these data suggest a pivotal role of intracellular GSH in oxygen-induced modulation of the Na(+)/K(+) pump activity.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2003

Cation channels trigger apoptotic death of erythrocytes.

Erythrocytes are devoid of mitochondria and nuclei and were considered unable to undergo apoptosis. As shown recently, however, the Ca(2+)-ionophore ionomycin triggers breakdown of phosphatidylserine asymmetry (leading to annexin binding), membrane blebbing and shrinkage of erythrocytes, features typical for apoptosis in nucleated cells. In the present study, the effects of osmotic shrinkage and oxidative stress, well-known triggers of apoptosis in nucleated cells, were studied. Exposure to 850 mOsm for 24 h, to tert-butyl-hydroperoxide (1 mM) for 15 min, or to glucose-free medium for 48 h, all elicit erythrocyte shrinkage and annexin binding, both sequelae being blunted by removal of extracellular Ca(2+) and mimicked by ionomycin (1 microM). Osmotic shrinkage and oxidative stress activate Ca(2+)-permeable cation channels and increase cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration. The channels are inhibited by amiloride (1 mM), which further blunts annexin binding following osmotic shock, oxidative stress and glucose depletion. In conclusion, osmotic and oxidative stress open Ca(2+)-permeable cation channels in erythrocytes, thus increasing cytosolic Ca(2+) activity and triggering erythrocyte apoptosis.

Amiloride↗
PubMed2003

Two-body and three-body wear of glass ionomer cements.

OBJECTIVES: Glass ionomer cements (GIC) have been modified in an attempt to improve their mechanical properties. The objective of the present paper was to compare the two-body and three-body wear of four modified GIC. The tested materials were Fuji IX (GC Corporation), Hi-Fi (Shofu) and Ketac Molar Aplicap (3M/ESPE). The cermet cement Ketac Silver Maxicap (3M/ESPE) was used as reference material. METHODS: Two-body wear tests were carried out in the computer controlled 'artificial mouth' of the Munich Dental School, three-body wear was tested with the ACTA wear machine. RESULTS: The resulting average two-body wear rates (in microm) were: Fuji IX 327 (SD +/- 82) < Ketac Molar 379 (SD +/- 94) < Hi-Fi 376 (SD +/- 90) < Ketac silver 449 (SD +/- 127). The differences between the materials were significant (P < 0.05, ANOVA, modified LSD-test) with the exception of Ketac Molar and Hi-Fi. The average three-body wear rates (in microm) were: Hi-Fi 30 (SD +/- 10) < Ketac Molar +/- 42 (SD +/- 12) < Fuji IX 49 (SD +/- 14) < Ketac silver 73 (SD +/- 23). The difference between Ketac silver and the three other materials was significant (P < 0.05, ANOVA, modified LSD-test). No significant difference was calculated between Hi-Fi, Ketac Molar and Fuji IX. CONCLUSIONS: As Ketac Molar, Hi-Fi and Fuji IX show better wear resistance compared to Ketac silver both in occlusal-contact and contact-free areas, it may be assumed that the wear resistance of a glass ionomer cement may be improved more by changing the powder: liquid ratio than by incorporating silver particles into the glass powder.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2003

Comparative efficacy of flubendazole chewable tablets and a tablet combination of febantel, pyrantel embonate and praziquantel against Trichuris vulpis in experimentally infected dogs.

Fourteen of 23 dogs developing patent Trichuris vulpis infections by 120 days p.i. with 5000 embryonated eggs were allocated into three groups. One group was treated with flubendazole 220 mg chewable tablets (Flubenol) at the recommended dose regimen once daily for 3 days. The second group was given the recommended single treatment with a tablet containing 150 mg febantel, 144 mg pyrantel embonate and 50 mg praziquantel in combination (Drontal Plus). The third group remained untreated. All dogs were necropsied for worm counts 10 or 11 days after (first) treatment. No worms were recovered from the flubendazole treated dogs resulting in a significant worm count reduction of 100%. In contrast, 2 of 5 animals treated with the combination of febantel, pyrantel embonate and praziquantel remained infected; the geometric mean worm burden was reduced by 99.4% as compared to the control group but did not differ significantly from those of the controls.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Seroprevalence of Oestrus ovis infection in sheep in southwestern Germany.

The aim of the survey was to determine the seroprevalence of Oestrus ovis infection in flocks in southwestern Germany. Serum samples collected from 1497 sheep (>6 months of age) of 110 flocks in 1997 and 1998 were examined for antibodies to crude somatic antigens of O. ovis second-stage larvae using an ELISA test. Data on the farm management were obtained by a questionnaire. Overall, 76% of the flocks had at least one seropositive animal, and the seroprevalence of anti-Oestrus antibodies was 50% in sheep. Flock size was the only risk factor significantly associated with the detection of antibodies. Larger flocks (>50 ewes) were more likely to be seropositive than smaller ones. These results show that Oestrus infections are widespread in sheep in southwestern Germany. Further investigations are required to estimate the economic importance of oestrosis and the efficiency of control measures.

Animals↗