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Biomedical subjects

C Bayle

Publications and source records attributed to C Bayle.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinical, anatomo-pathologic aspects and therapeutic results in 63 malignant ORL non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in children].

Sixty-three children with non Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the ENT zone (Waldeyer's ring) were treated between 1975 and 1985 at the Institut Gustave-Roussy. The tumors were localized in the cavum (32 cases), tonsils (16 cases), mandibles (9 cases) whereas 6 patients had more than one of these sites involved. At the time of diagnosis, 16 (25%) had neuro-meningeal involvement. Distribution, according to stages and histology was as follows: 4 stages I, 27 stages II, 12 stages III, 17 stages IV and 3 were unclassifiable. A Burkitt type of lymphoma was diagnosed in 37 (58%), a convoluted lymphoblastic type in 6 (10%) and 20 (32%) fell in a broad category of "other lymphoblastic variety" (32%). With regard to therapy, two consecutive time periods could be identified: from 1975 to 1980 all patients were given the same treatment and neuro-meningeal prophylaxis consisted of irradiation of the skull and intrathecal injections of methotrexate. Since 1981, the therapeutic regimen is designed according to the histo-immunological classification of the tumors and neuro-meningeal prophylaxis is carried out with the use of high dose methotrexate. With this new approach the survival rate has increased from 45 to 80% and the incidence of neuromeningeal relapses has decreased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Lymphoblastic lymphoma in adults: a clinicopathological study of 34 cases treated at the Institut Gustave-Roussy.

We report a series of 34 adult patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma treated at our Institute between 1977 and 1986. At presentation, mediastinal involvement was seen in 76%, extranodal involvement (not including bone marrow) in 20%, stage IV in 53% and circulating blasts in 15%. In the 15 cases where immunological studies were performed, 12 proved to be of T type and the other three lacked both T and B markers. Chemotherapy with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) protocols was given to 58% and lymphoma protocols to the other patients, with CNS prophylaxis given to a total of 28 patients. Although complete remission (CR) was observed overall in 74% of patients, 5 year survival was only 22% (42% in stages I-II and 8% stages III-IV) with improved results seen with recent aggressive anti-leukemic protocols. Five relapsed patients entered second CR and two were still in CR at this time. CNS relapse occurred in a total of eight patients (three without prophylaxis), and was isolated in two of six patients who achieved CR (despite CNS prophylaxis). In an analysis of prognostic factors, only the attainment of a CR was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). Thus we are unable to confirm other studies which demonstrated prognostic variations in this disease and believe that all such patients should receive aggressive chemotherapy with substantial CNS prophylaxis similar to those currently used for ALL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Cytologic detection of neuroblasts in the bone marrow].

Cytological detection of bone marrow involvement by neuroblastoma is improved by sampling at ten sites because metastatic cells have a multifocal distribution. Examination of spread films from ten bone marrow aspirates has been compared to density separation of the pool of bone marrow aspirates followed by cytocentrifugation onto glass slides. Of 103 procedures performed, 3 positive results by concentration of the pool were found negative by examination of spread films from each bone marrow aspirate. Cytological examination of the pool of bone marrow aspirates after density separation is a simple, rapid and accurate technique for the detection of small aggregates of metastatic cells in patients with neuroblastoma. Additional immuno-enzymatic techniques may be used for the detection of isolated neuroblastoma cells.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1987

Blood cell kinetics and total body irradiation.

The early response of blood cells to irradiation has been studied in leukemia patients who received total body irradiation (TBI) prior to cyclophosphamide and bone marrow transplantation. After a single session treatment (10 Gy in 4 h) the most dramatic variation was observed in the granulocytes. At the end of the irradiation their concentration was 2 to 6 times higher. Because of a subsequent rapid decline, the peak may be overlooked if the blood counts are delayed. Lymphocytes decreased to 50% at the end of the single session TBI and continue to decrease exponentially, with a half time of 30 h. During a fractionated irradiation (11 X 1.2 Gy in 4 days) the lymphocyte number dropped to 60%, 13 h after the first fraction and this decline continued with a half time of 30 h during the treatment. From the data obtained in vivo, a lymphocyte D0 value of 1.2 Gy was computed. The lymphocyte subsets (B.T. OKT4 OKT8) did not exhibit different radiosensitivities either in vivo or in vitro. The disappearance of lethally hit lymphocytes from the blood exhibits a biphasic kinetic: 50% of the cells disappear in a few hours and 50% with a half time at 30 h. Lymphocytes irradiated either in vitro or in vivo when in culture disappear slowly, contrasting with the in vivo findings. It may suggest that lethally hit lymphocytes are quickly removed from the circulating pool in vivo.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of antileukemia cells' cytotoxic effector function. Implications for monitoring natural killer responses following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

We have studied here cytotoxic function of three cloned cell lines--TC12, 48, and 50--derived from circulating lymphocytes that were potentially able to eliminate residual tumor cells in a patient transplanted for treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia. These cloned cells, which have both phenotypic and functional characteristics of natural killer lymphocytes, were tested in chromium release assays against a panel of 16 uncultured populations of leukemia cells. In addition, their activity was compared with that of cloned and uncloned NK cells from normal individuals. It was found that TC clones induced a much weaker degree of killing against fresh tumor cells compared with conventional NK target cell lines such as K562 or MOLT 4. In addition, there was great heterogeneity in their individual lytic capacity against the various leukemia blasts (TC12, 48, and 50 cells killed in a significant fashion, respectively 7, 1, and 4 of the 16 leukemias), reflecting the functional diversity of normal NK cell populations. Thus, for a fraction of leukemias, there was no correlation between lytic ability of TC cells and that of uncloned lymphokine-activated large granular lymphocytes from normal peripheral blood. Together, these results support the view that direct identification of patients' cytotoxic lymphocytes screened against in vivo relevant tumor cells is necessary to evaluate potentially beneficial immunologic responses in the context of bone marrow transplantation.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1986

Short-term culture of acute myeloid leukemia blasts: analysis of acquired susceptibility to activated natural killer cells.

Following a cryopreservation step, short-term cultures of circulating leukemic blasts from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were performed. Because cultured tumor cells became susceptible to natural killer (NK) activity, in vitro alteration of the blasts was studied. Immediately after thawing, cell suspensions consisted of a relatively homogeneous population of undifferentiated blasts. In culture, tritiated thymidine uptake by the leukemic cells was low during the first 24 hours and then increased (X20) to a peak on day 7. The cell concentration started to increase on day 4. On day 8, less than 10% of the cultured cells still appeared as undifferentiated blasts, whereas up to 60% were granular and 30% to 40% had a monocytoid morphology. Prior to being cultured, the blasts were resistant to resting and IL2-activated natural killing. When the kinetics of in vitro acquired susceptibility were studied, it was found that maximum cytotoxicity against these leukemic cells was reached within 24 hours. Thus, the blasts had become NK-sensitive prior to increase in DNA synthesis, proliferation, and differentiation based on morphological and cytochemical criteria. In contrast, there was a positive correlation between acquired susceptibility and surface expression of an activation antigen, termed TNKtar. To dissect further the mechanisms of acquired susceptibility, a series of six NK clones representing four distinct phenotypes of NK active lymphocytes were tested against the leukemic cells. Immediately after thawing, blasts were essentially resistant to all clones, whereas they were strongly killed by 5 of 6 clones when cultured for 24 hours. Cold target inhibition assays indicated that resistance of fresh blasts was likely to be due to a binding defect. These results suggested that tumor cells became susceptible because they surface-expressed NK target structure(s) in the early phase of an activation process leading to their proliferation and/or differentiation. This hypothesis was substantiated for one clone, termed JT9, because the anti-TNKtar antibody blocked cytotoxicity of JT9 cells against the cultured blasts.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Hematologic manifestations of cancers of the prostate].

Authors study six cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma with bone marrow metastatic involvement. Hematological manifestations can be: intravascular coagulation with anemia and myelemia. The heparin permits to control the intravascular coagulation when waiting the effect of hormonotherapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Erythroblastopenia in a child during treatment of a neuroblastoma].

A 4 year-old child being treated for neuroblastoma developed erythroblastopenia. We used specific erythroid lineage markers (hemoglobin and spectrin) and in vitro erythroid colony assays to characterize this hematologic picture and discuss its relationships with the disease and its treatment.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1984

Prognostic value of cytologic parameters in acute myelogenous leukemia.

The prognostic value of some current cytologic characteristics was assessed in 174 adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) treated according to the AML-5 protocol of the EORTC Leukemia and Hematosarcomas Group. A significantly higher rate of complete remission (CR) was observed in patients with low bone-marrow (BM) cellularity, with BM blasts less than 80%, and with Auer rod positive cells more than 2.5% of the total blast cell population. A leukocyte count of less than 50 X 10(9)/1 in the peripheral blood was also associated with a higher CR rate. No significant difference was found between the various French-American-British (FAB) subtypes, in spite of a trend towards a lower CR rate in patients with an M1, myeloblastic, poorly differentiated, subtype. The leukocyte count and the percentage of Auer rod positive cells were the only significant parameters for duration of survival from the beginning of maintenance treatment. However these features had no prognostic value for the duration of remission. It seems therefore that patients with a higher percentage of Auer-rod-positive cells and lower peripheral leukocyte counts can enter remission more easily, and can also more readily achieve subsequent remissions following relapse. The prognostic value of these routine cytologic features is probably related to their relationship with proliferative activity and tumor burden: the percentage of Auer-rod-positive cells correlates inversely with the leukocyte count, whereas leukocyte count, BM cellularity, and percentage of BM blasts are linked together.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Radiological study of two disseminated malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting only the bones in children.

Malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a neoplastic proliferation of lymphoid cells whose clinical manifestations are extremely variable. All tissues can be affected. There may be localization in lymphoid organs (Waldeyer's ring, spleen, digestive tract), other localizations (lungs, pleura, liver, bone marrow, central nervous system), and unusual localizations. Although bone marrow is often affected, bone involvement is very rare in the early stages of the disease. This report concerns the radiological study of two disseminated malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting only the bone in children.

Bone Neoplasms↗