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C Benichou

Publications and source records attributed to C Benichou.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Iodine 125 curietherapy of choroidal melanomas. Values of the technique and initial results].

PURPOSE: Among conservative treatment of the choroidal melanoma, improved functional capacities can be provided with Iodine 125 and with a treatment planning system for optimized dosimetry. METHODS: Forty patients were treated with Iodine 125 with a minimal follow-up period of 6 months and a mean follow up of 25 months. RESULTS: Response to the treatment based on tumor regression or stabilization was 97%. Complication rate was 32%. Retinopathy was the major cause of loss of vision and was linked to the proximity of the tumor to the macula. Two patients developed metastasis and one required enucleation for tumor regrowth. CONCLUSION: Brachytherapy with Iodine 125 was found to be effective on tumor growth within the limits of the follow-up. High doses (100 Gy) given to the apex of the tumor did not increase complications rate. Many years will be necessary to assess efficiency of such a procedure in terms of preventing complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Causality assessment of adverse reactions to drugs--I. A novel method based on the conclusions of international consensus meetings: application to drug-induced liver injuries.

Despite the great number of methods proposed, assessing the causal role of a drug in the occurrence of an adverse medical event remains one of the most controversial issues. Qualifying terms for criteria, such as "compatible", "suggestive" of "inconclusive", have never been strictly defined, leading to low reproducibility. Weights of the criteria are usually not adapted to the injured organ, decreasing the specificity of the method. In this paper, a new method for drug causality assessment is described. Contents and limits of the criteria have been defined by experts convened to organ-oriented international consensus meetings. Additional criteria have been introduced and weights attributed. The method was applied to reports of acute liver injuries. The reproducibility was tested by an independent team. The validity of this novel method is studied in the following paper, based on an original approach using reports with positive rechallenge as external standard.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Causality assessment of adverse reactions to drugs--II. An original model for validation of drug causality assessment methods: case reports with positive rechallenge.

Standards are lacking for validation of drug causality assessment methods. An original model is proposed using a positive rechallenge as an external standard. This model was used to validate the novel causality assessment method (RUCAM) described in the previous article (Part I; J Clin Epidemiol 1993; 46: 1323). Seventy seven reports of drug-induced acute liver injuries with positive rechallenge were collected from the medical literature and divided into 49 cases and 28 controls. The RUCAM was applied to information obtained prior to readministration. The score was significantly higher (p < 10(-4)) in cases than in controls with high levels of sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. It is concluded that (1) adverse drug reaction reports with a positive rechallenge can provide a standard for validation of causality assessment methods, (2) RUCAM applied to drug-induced liver injuries has been validated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Absence of intrathecal synthesis of some interferon-alpha subtypes in bacterial meningitis.

Sixty-five cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 54 infants and children with bacterial meningitis were analyzed for the presence of interferon (IFN)-alpha with a biologic assay. Of the 65 samples, 3 were positive (2-4 IU/mL) and only 1 of 56 collected early was at 4 IU/mL. These results suggest that some subtypes of IFN-alpha already reported as present in viral infections of the central nervous system are not detected in bacterial meningitis by our IFN assay. This difference may be helpful in differentiating bacterial from viral infections and also in evaluating the quality of the virologic investigation; moreover, the rarity of IFN-gamma in CSF in bacterial meningitis needs further investigation to understand its role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Standardization of definitions and criteria for causality assessment of adverse drug reactions. Drug-induced blood cytopenias: report of an international consensus meeting.

International reporting of adverse drug reactions to pharmaceutical companies or drug regulatory authorities requires internationally accepted standard definitions of reactions and criteria for assessment of causality. Under CIOMS (Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences) auspices, the Roussel Uclaf pharmaceutical company organized an international meeting concerning drug-induced blood cytopenias. The meeting resulted in proposed standard designations of blood cytopenias and criteria for causality assessment of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and aplastic anemia.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1987

[Criteria for assessing granulocytic or platelet cytopenia caused by drugs. Results of consensus meetings].

The use of an official drug adverse reaction assessment procedure became compulsory in France in 1984. The method proposed various qualifications for the semiologic and chronologic criteria used to ascribe a disorder to a specific drug but did not define them. Consensus meetings have been organized in order to define, in the main pathological fields, the adverse reactions themselves and the various qualifications of the criteria. This paper reports the results of meetings attended by hematologists, members of the French national network of Pharmacovigilance and representatives of Roussel Uclaf Drug Monitoring Department for drug-induced granulocyte and platelet cytopenias. Participants studied (a) the limits of the time interval between the appearance of the adverse reaction and the beginning or the end of the treatment with the suspected drug; (b) interpretation of a possible rechallenge; and (c) diagnostic value of in vitro tests proposed to confirm the responsibility of a specific drug in a granulocytic or platelet cytopenia.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1987

[Bilateral meningioma of the optic nerve. Discussion apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of a 14 years old girl with a bilateral optic neuropathy especially an optic atrophy on the left eye. They show the clinical and radiological diagnostic difficulty of these symptoms before coming to the bilateral optic nerve meningioma. The authors have compared this rare case to those described in literature and insist on the importance of the CT Scan and eventually the nerve surgical exploration.

Adolescent↗