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Biomedical subjects

C Bennett

Publications and source records attributed to C Bennett.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A pilot study of three potential vaccines for leprosy in Bombay.

Three vaccines, BCG Glaxo alone (vaccine A), BCG Glaxo plus 10(7) killed Mycobacterium vaccae (vaccine B), and BCG Glaxo plus 10(7) killed M. leprae (vaccine C), were given to groups of selected children. The effects of these vaccines on subsequent quadruple skin testing 1-3 years after vaccination were compared. All three vaccines equally and significantly (p less than 0.00001) increased positivity to tuberculin, but only vaccine B was found to significantly enhance development of skin-test positivity to leprosin A (p less than 0.002). The data support the evidence previously obtained in rural Iran that the combination of BCG with killed M. vaccae is likely to be a better vaccine for leprosy than is BCG alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effect of hypoglycin A on insulin release.

Thirty experimental and fifteen control Wistar rats were studied to determine whether hypoglycin A influences insulin levels in the body to contribute to the state of hypoglycemia usually observed in Jamaican vomiting sickness, a condition arising after ingestion of unripe ackees. This fruit also grows in other Caribbean islands, as well as North and Central America. Hypoglycin A is one of the toxic compounds found in unripe ackees and is capable of inducing hypoglycemia. A fall in blood glucose occurred after administration of hypoglycin A. The lowest level of 42.60 +/- 4.84 mg/dl was attained 3 hr after administration of the drug. This alteration of blood glucose from the fasting level of 80.31 +/- 5.20 mg/dl was significant (P less than 0.01). The blood glucose level in the control rats showed no significant change from the fasting level. The insulin level in portal and peripheral blood showed no significant change. Results showed that, although hypoglycin A induced severe hypoglycemia after intravenous application, there was no significant change in insulin levels. This observation suggests that hypoglycin A has a mechanism of action other than an alteration in insulin levels to induce hypoglycemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Construction of a low pressure reservoir and achievement of continence after "diversion" and in end stage vesical dysfunction.

Creation of a continent low pressure urinary reservoir was attempted in 33 patients: 11 with a supravesical diversion, 6 with a vesicostomy, 9 treated by catheter drainage and 7 with end stage bladder disease. The common problems were poor urine storage associated with bladder fibrosis, defunctionalization and decentralization or spinal cord injury coupled with a poorly functional urethral continence mechanism. The over-all outcome at a mean of 21 months (range 4 months to 11 years) was excellent in terms of upper tract function, reservoir capability and continence.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Patterns of gallium-67 scintigraphy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and the AIDS related complex.

Thirty-two patients with AIDS related complex (ARC) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) underwent 67Ga scans as part of their evaluation. Three patterns of 67Ga biodistribution were found: lymph node uptake alone; diffuse pulmonary uptake; normal scan. Gallium-67 scans were useful in identifying clinically occult Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in seven of 15 patients with ARC who were asymptomatic and had normal chest radiographs. Gallium scans are a useful ancillary procedure in the evaluation of patients with ARC or AIDS.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

The special educator and the optometrist.

This article is meant to give optometrists practical suggestions about how to better communicate their specialized knowledge to teachers. The optometrist has a wealth of information that can be not only useful to the teachers, but also extremely beneficial to the students. As team members, the optometrist and teacher share and exchange professional information. The teacher gains an understanding of how the student's vision loss affects learning while the optometrist gains an insight about the child's educational programming.

Education, Special↗
PubMed1986

Disseminated atypical mycobacterial infection in patients with hairy cell leukemia.

Disseminated atypical mycobacterial infections developed in nine of 186 patients with hairy cell leukemia who were seen over 10 years at the University of Chicago Hospital. Clinically, these patients had symptoms of fever and chills; an infiltrate was usually present on chest radiography. Invasive diagnostic studies, including thoracotomy and laparotomy, were necessary for confirmation of the diagnosis of atypical mycobacteria infection. Confirmatory culture specimens were obtained from lymph nodes, liver, and splenic tissue. Six patients had infections with Mycobacterium kansasii; two with M. avium-intracellulare; and one with M. chelonei. Treatment with multiple anti-tuberculosis drugs was initiated either empirically (six patients); after obtaining pathologic evidence of granuloma or acid-fast bacilli (two patients); or after obtaining a positive culture result (one patient). Five of the nine patients survived the infection and continued taking anti-tuberculosis drugs for total periods of nine months to two years. Awareness of the association between hairy cell leukemia and atypical mycobacteria infection, with early consideration of invasive diagnostic studies, as well as empiric anti-tuberculosis therapy, may prolong the survival time for many patients with hairy cell leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The drama of discharge: worker/supervisor perspectives.

This paper examines the process of discharge planning in the framework of drama, as exemplified in one case. The thoughts and actions of the social worker and the social work supervisor are delineated in order to highlight four points, that: decision making in discharge planning impacts strongly on all the participants involved; the constraints of the hospital setting and regulatory mandates often result in dilemmas of choice for the patient and family; for social workers new to helping in such situations, supervisory guidance and support is an essential component for practice; and the values, knowledge and skill of the social work professionals ensure that discharge decisions and interventions are effected in a manner that is both humane and accountable.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Sodium fluoride: effectiveness of treatment for cochlear otosclerosis.

We examined the effectiveness of sodium fluoride in treatment of cochlear otospongiosis in ninety-four patients with cochlear otosclerosis and ninety-eight patients with stapedial otosclerosis and sensorineural hearing loss. The drug halted or slowed the progression of sensorineural hearing impairment in 63% of the patients with cochlear otosclerosis and 46% of the patients with stapedial otosclerosis. The single factor that best predicted which patients would respond most favorably to treatment was rate of progression before treatment. Sodium fluoride therapy was successful for 79% of the patients losing their hearing at a rate of 5 dB or more per year at one or more of the speech frequencies. The finding that patients with more rapid rates of progression responded most favorably to sodium fluoride therapy suggests that patients with the most active otospongiotic processes will be the most responsive to treatment.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1985

Brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor: complete amino acid sequence and homologies.

Bovine brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) is a protein mitogen originally identified in partially purified preparations of whole brain. The protein was purified to homogeneity and shown to be a potent vascular endothelial cell mitogen in culture and angiogenic substance in vivo. The homology of aFGF to human interleukin-1 beta was inferred from partial sequence data. The complete amino acid sequence of aFGF has now been determined and observed to be similar to both basic FGF and interleukin-1's. A neuropeptide-like sequence, flanked by basic dipeptides, was observed within the aFGF sequence.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Amino acid sequence analysis of human interleukin 1 (IL-1). Evidence for biochemically distinct forms of IL-1.

The pI-6.8 species of normal human interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been isolated by ion-exchange and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The isolated material had a molecular weight of 18,000, and had a specific bioactivity of 1.7 X 10(7) half-maximal U/mg in the murine thymocyte proliferation assay, values similar to those obtained for murine P388D1-derived IL-1 (12), and human IL-1 isolated by a previously published purification protocol (15). Amino-terminal sequence analysis revealed a single N-terminal, and resulted in the identification of 30 of the first 35 amino acid residues. Sequence of three CNBr cleavage fragments of purified IL-1 resulted in the identification of an additional 38 residues. All of the sequences agree exactly with those deduced from complementary DNA (cDNA) by Auron, et al. (18), demonstrating that this cloned cDNA, though considerably different from the cDNA reported for murine IL-1 (12), nevertheless codes for the pI-6.8 species of human IL-1. The evidence also shows that the precursor protein for human IL-1 is largely processed at the N-terminal end. Little or no processing occurs at the carboxy-terminal end. Sequence homology with interferon-inducing factor (26) suggests that the pI-6.8 species of human IL-1 is a member of a gene family. Although equally potent in the murine thymocyte proliferation assay, murine IL-1 and the pI-6.8 species of human IL-1 are structurally distinct. Further study will answer the interesting question as to the relationship of the other charged species of human IL-1 to these distinct IL-1 classes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Depletion of adrenal catecholamines alters the amnestic effect of amygdala stimulation.

Amygdala stimulation produces a robust retrograde amnesia which appears to be related to peripheral hormonal responses to stress. This present study investigated the effects of electrical stimulation of the amygdala delivered immediately after inhibitory and active avoidance training to rats depleted of adrenal catecholamines or sham adrenal operated rats. Comparable findings were obtained with the two training tasks: amygdala stimulation impaired retention of sham adrenal operated rats but it enhanced retention of rats depleted of adrenal catecholamines. These findings suggest that adrenal catecholamines released during a training situation modulate the effects of amygdala stimulation on memory.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1985

Peripheral epinephrine modulates the effects of post-training amygdala stimulation on memory.

The present study investigated the role of adrenal epinephrine in the memory modulatory effects of post-training amygdala stimulation. Adrenal demedullated (ADMX) or sham demedullated (SHAM) rats received electrical stimulation of the amygdala immediately after training on inhibitory and active avoidance tasks. With both tasks, the stimulation impaired retention only in the rats with intact adrenal medullae: the retention performance of the ADMX in the rats with intact adrenal medullae: the retention performance of the ADMX rats given post-training stimulation was better than that of the unstimulated ADMX group with implanted electrodes. However, ADMX rats given post-training epinephrine (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) immediately before the amygdala stimulation had retention deficits comparable to those of the SHAM group given amygdala stimulation. If epinephrine was administered a short time after rather than before the post-training amygdala stimulation, retention of the ADMX animals was not impaired. The findings are interpreted as indicating that circulating epinephrine present at the time of amygdala stimulation modulates the effects of amygdala stimulation on memory.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1985

Pure brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor is a potent angiogenic vascular endothelial cell mitogen with sequence homology to interleukin 1.

Pure bovine brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor is a very potent mitogen for vascular endothelial cells in culture and, in the presence of heparin, induces blood vessel growth in vivo. Partial amino acid sequence determinations confirm that this mitogen is a unique protein having amino acid sequence homology with human interleukin 1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗