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Biomedical subjects

C Biriell

Publications and source records attributed to C Biriell.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The value of reporting therapeutic ineffectiveness as an adverse drug reaction.

Therapeutic ineffectiveness is a frequent drug-related problem that can occur in a variety of different situations and be caused by different mechanisms. Examples are inappropriate use, interactions or metabolic abnormalities. Observations in patients of unexpected ineffectiveness can provide important information with regard to such situations. Therefore, ineffectiveness--especially when unexpected or unexplained--is a potentially important reportable event in pharmacovigilance. The terms regarding ineffectiveness in the WHO Adverse Reaction Terminology (WHOART) have been recently revised in order to enable optimal coding of such case reports.

Drug Interactions↗
PubMed1997

Reasons for reporting adverse drug reactions--some thoughts based on an international review.

A pilot study was made to explore positive reasons for physicians and pharmacists taking time to report adverse reactions, rather than reasons for failing to report which has been studied by many authors. The 34 national drug monitoring centres participating in the international programme at the time of the study were asked by letter from the WHO Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring, Uppsala to investigate the reasons why adverse reactions were reported. National Centres were asked to write to 20 consecutive reporters, sending each a copy of their own report, asking why they had chosen to report that particular reaction, and asking for more general comment. Twelve countries responded with information about the habits and views of the reporters of 177 cases. Since this was an explorative pilot study the letter to reporters deliberately had only an open question about reason for reporting. Categories were developed by the WHO Centre from the responses given. Reasons for reporting fell into a total of 14 categories with the great majority in the top six: motivation to contribute to medical knowledge, reaction previously unknown to reporter, reaction to new drug, all significant reactions reported, known association between drug and reaction, and severity of reaction.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1981

Quantitation of specific IgG antibodies in rabbits by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay with 125I-protein A from Staphylococcus aureus.

Radioiodinated protein A (SpA) from Staphylococcus aureus was used to quantitate specific antibodies of the IgG class at the nanogram level in rabbit serum by a standardized radioimmunoassay with the antigen covalently bound to paper discs. Quantitation of IgG in micrograms of IgG per millilitre of serum was done by using a standard curve with purified anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA) IgG or by means of the calculated molar SpA to rabbit IgG ratio of 1:1, thus converting counts per minute of 125I-SpA to nanograms of IgG. The molar ratio for SpA to human IgG was also 1:1. The unspecific binding of IgG to the paper discs was studied and could be depressed by hen serum or by adsorption of the serum sample to cellulose before the assay. The affinity constants of the extracellular SpA and human, rabbit and guinea-pig IgG, respectively, were determined and found to be close to the values previously calculated for cell-wall-bound SpA. The applicability of the assay was demonstrated by quantitation of the specific IgG response on different days after immunization of rabbits with BSA and 3,4-dinitrobenzene (DNP)-BSA.

Animals↗