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Biomedical subjects

C Blackburn

Publications and source records attributed to C Blackburn.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Structure and chromosomal mapping of the TNF-alpha inducible endothelial protein 1 (Edp1) gene in the mouse.

EDP1 was identified as a human gene activated transcriptionally by tumour necrosis factor alpha in endothelial cells. Here we have characterised the mouse Edp1 gene. We show that the gene encodes a highly conserved protein and describe its intron/exon structure. The presence of related genes in the sequence databases suggests that Edp1 is part of a gene family. Fine mapping of the gene in the mouse genome indicates that, as expected from its location on human chromosome 17, the mouse Edp1 gene maps to mouse chromosome 11. However, surprisingly, the gene does not map to the expected region of mouse chromosome 11 suggesting that a change in the order of genes has occurred within a conserved linkage group.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed1998

"High-load" polyethylene glycol-polystyrene (PEG-PS) graft supports for solid-phase synthesis.

The choice of a polymeric support is a key factor for the success of solid-phase methods for syntheses of organic compounds and biomolecules such as peptides and oligonucleotides. Classical Merrifield solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), performed on low cross-linked hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) beads, sometimes suffers from sequence-dependent coupling difficulties. The concept of incorporating polyethylene glycol (PEG) into supports for solid-phase synthesis represents a successful approach to alleviating such problems. Previous reports from our laboratories have shown the advantages of "low-load" PEG-PS (0.15-0.25 mmol/g) for SPPS. Herein, we demonstrate that the beneficial aspects of the PEG-PS concept can be extended with resins that have higher loadings (0.3-0.5 mmol/g).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Madelung's disease: an uncommon disorder of unknown aetiology?

A case of Madelung's disease (benign multiple symmetrical lipomatosis, Launois-Bensaude syndrome) is described. The characteristic clinical features, associations with chronic alcoholism and a review of the current literature is reported.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1993

Wealth and the nation's health.

Social and economic prosperity to a great extent depend on a healthy population; similarly good health depends on adequate income, writes Clare Blackburn. The government strategy for health promotion outlined most recently in The health of the nation, fails to acknowledge this. Nevertheless health visitors and school nurses cannot ignore the links between health and wealth.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1993

Gender, class and smoking cessation work.

Clare Blackburn argues that a understanding how smoking helps working class women to cope is vital to any intervention encouraging them to stop. Health visitors who are developing strategies to lessen the impact of material stresses on women are therefore key workers in smoking cessation programmes.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Family poverty: what can health visitors do?

Poverty levels have risen substantially since 1979, particularly among families with dependent children. Between 1979 and 1987 the number of families with children in poverty (with incomes below 50 per cent of average income) increased from 2.8 million to 5.5 million. Families with dependent children are now the largest single group in poverty. Many health visitors see poor families and witness the health effects of poverty on a daily basis. Clare Blackburn attempts to identify what action health visitors can take to make a positive impact on family poverty and draws out some of the key elements of responsive service provision.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1986

Design and evaluation of a nitrous oxide scavenging system for use in nontraditional hospital settings.

Analgesic use of nitrous oxide (N2O) in nontraditional settings requires safe and effective scavenging systems to rid the work area of hazardous waste gas. Significant health risks to health care workers are associated with repetitive exposure to excessive levels of N2O. Regulations limit the exposure level to 25 parts per million and also require the use of effective scavenging systems. We tested the existing room ventilation and a suction-powered scavenging system in our burn unit's hydrotherapy room and found them to be inadequate in maintaining safe room air levels. We therefore developed a fan-powered scavenging system using a ceiling-mounted hood, under which N2O is administered, and found it to maintain safe levels while requiring little patient cooperation and allowing complete access to the patient.

Burn Units↗
PubMed1981

DNA synthesis and template activity in a mutant of polyoma virus with altered expression of late viral proteins.

The 3049 strain of polyoma virus overproduces late RNA and proteins. The synthesis and accumulation of virus DNA was measured in cells infected with 3049 and a wild-type virus, lpS, to assess the possible role of gene dosage in this phenomenon. The rate of incorporation of [3H]thymidine into the DNA of 3049 and lpS virus was shown to be identical. The number of genome copies per cell, determined by DNA-DNA reassociation kinetics, was found to be similar in either whole cell or Hirt extracts of cells infected with the two viruses. Viral transcription complexes were isolated by Sarkosyl extraction, and the specific transcriptional activity was measured by incorporation of [3H]UTP. The incorporation of [3H]UTP and the DNA content of transcription complexes were indistinguishable. These results suggest that overproduction of late RNA (and protein) by the 3049 virus is not due to either an increased number of viral genomes per cell or an increased fraction of genomes involved in transcription. These and other data (unpublished) support the conclusion that the altered phenotype is due to a posttranscriptional mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effects of breathing retraining in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Subjects with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were studied to evaluate the effects of breathing retraining (BRT) on exercise tolerance. Twenty-two subjects exercised on a treadmill three times weekly for six weeks. Twelve of the subjects (controls) then exercised for three more weeks; the other ten subjects received three more weeks of exercise reconditioning plus BRT. Results of routine pulmonary function and exercise tests were similar in both groups at the beginning of the study and after six weeks of exercise. However, in the last three weeks of the study, increments in exercise performance were significantly greater in the BRT subjects than in controls (P less than .002). Following BRT, respiratory rate during exercise decreased (P less than .005) and tidal volume and PaO2 during exercise increased (P less than .05). Thus, these data suggest that BRT increases exercise performance in subjects with severe COPD.

Breathing Exercises↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Low income, inequality and health promotion.

Drawing on reports and statistics that demonstrate the link between health and low income, this article explains how low income can act as a key health hazard and set off a domino effect involving other health hazards such as substandard housing, pollution and poor social support systems. The author argues that we have still some way to go to put a poverty perspective on strategies to promote positive health.

Health Promotion↗