Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Bollack.
The authors present a series of forty patients operated for invasive bladder tumors by radical cystectomy. All patients were older than 70 and had a complicated medical history. Mortality was 1 in 40 and the morbidity was low. The conclusion is that radical cystectomy is a safe procedure in elderly patients.
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The renal vasodilator responses to various fragments of PTH were quantified on a model of isolated perfused rat kidney (IPK), under non-filtering conditions. The 1-34 fragment of bovine PTH, its Nle analogue and rat PTH, injected in sequential cumulative doses, caused concentration-dependent vasodilatation in the vasculature of the IPK which was preconstricted with prostaglandin F2 alpha. The EC50 of PTH for renal vasodilatation ranged from 1 to 2 nM for all PTH fragments and maximum vasodilatation ranged from 33 to 41% of the maximum vasodilatation induced by papaverine. Renal vasodilation was not related to prostaglandin release since similar vasodilatation occurred after the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin. When PTH was administered in single bolus injections, using a separate kidney for each hormone concentration, rather than repeated injections into the same kidney, higher maximum vasodilatations were obtained (64%). These results most likely reflected tachyphylaxis of the renal vasculature to PTH occurring after repeated exposure of a single kidney to the hormone. The antagonist analogue [Nle8,18, Tyr34]-bPTH-(3-34)A shifted the concentration-related response curve to the right, indicating that the renal vasodilator response to rPTH-(1-34) involved specific vascular receptors.
We present here a case of metastatic non-seminomatous testicular tumor invasion of the lumen of the inferior caval vein. Treatment was surgical removal with lymph-node debulking, completed by BEP chemotherapy.
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Among 40 evaluable patients with metastatic renal cell cancer treated by high-dose interferon alpha-2a in combination with vinblastine, the authors have observed a 42.5% response rate. The 8 months' median duration of remissions is relatively short but some patients experience very long remissions, lasting many months after discontinuation of therapy. The survival of responding patients is significantly longer than the survival of nonresponders. The diverging results of other studies of the same combination are discussed; its efficacy is certainly dependent on the type of interferon, on the dose actually administered, and on the compliance to this often poorly tolerated treatment.
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In this paper the authors review the completed and current EORTC Genitourinary Group trials for metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. In terms of time to progression and length of survival, there is no significant difference between any of the effective endocrine treatments that have been studied. The statistical analysis of the different variables used in trials 30,761 and 30,762 determines three risk groups of patients. There is no need for very special laboratory investigations to establish a prognosis. Orchiectomy is the cheapest and safest endocrine treatment in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate.
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To examine the effect of prostaglandins on adenylate cyclase during the postnatal maturation of kidney, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) responsiveness of adenylate cyclase in the absence and presence of exogenous GTP was investigated in glomeruli and tubules isolated from renal cortex of 14-, 21- and 30-day-old rats. In the absence of GTP, the adenylate cyclase response to PGE2 in glomeruli of 14-day-old rats was about fourfold higher than that in 21- and 30-day-old rats. In the tubules there was an about 30-35% decrease in the enzyme response to the prostaglandin between 14 and 21 days as well as between 21 and 30 days. When GTP was present, the PGE2 responsiveness of adenylate cyclase was of the same order of magnitude in glomeruli at 14 and 21 days and lower at 30 days. Under the same conditions, no significant changes were observed in the cortical tubules throughout the period studied. Thus association of PGE2 plus GTP suggests that during the postnatal maturation of rat kidney, the response of adenylate cyclase to PGE2 remains unchanged in cortical tubules and slightly decreases in glomeruli.
Radical cystectomy for bladder cancer is an operation that presents a low mortality rate, which can still be reduced by a better patient selection, particularly with respect to patients presenting a high cardiac risk. Morbidity is still elevated but a better preparation of the patients against infection, hyperdiuresis during and after the operation and a nonperitonization of the anterior pelvis should reduce the frequency of abscesses, septicemia and pyelonephritis. It seems reasonable to propose this operation as a curative procedure for stage B and recurring stage A and as a palliative procedure for stages C and D.
The authors report the preliminary data concerning a multicentric study on ablative effects of 4'-epi-doxorubicin (EPR) on superficial bladder cancer. Forty-six patients affected by multiple transitional cell superficial bladder carcinoma were treated by transurethral resection of all but one tumor, left as a marker lesion. Subsequently, an intensive local treatment with EPR and 3-month control cystoscopies with biopsies were performed. In the 47% of cases the control cystoscopy and pathology assessed the complete disappearance of marker lesions without any new occurrence whereas it is interesting to observe that the breakdown of the complete remissions into primary (67%) versus recurrent (37%) and in intravesical unpretreated (55%) versus pretreated (31%) showed important differences. It may be concluded that EPR shows a real activity against transitional cell superficial bladder carcinoma.
The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative bone scintigraphy (QBS) method in order to evaluate the evolution of bone metastases in patients treated for disseminated prostatic cancer. Data obtained by whole body scintigraphy after injection of 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate enabled us to define three indexes, GR, R1 and R2. They respectively represent the amount of activity retained in the bones, in the metastatic sites and in pathological sites related to the global activity of the skeleton. Repeated QBSs have been performed on 59 patients with prostatic carcinoma treated for bone metastasis with hormonal therapy. Results of QBS are well correlated to clinical findings, particularly pain evolution. In addition, the calculated indexes of QBS made it possible to distinguish three groups of patients according to regression, stabilization or evolution of their lesions under hormonal therapy. QBS seems to be a sensitive and useful test for the evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency on bone metastases from prostatic carcinoma.
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