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Biomedical subjects

C Bolund

Publications and source records attributed to C Bolund.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Late effects of adjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative radiotherapy on quality of life among breast cancer patients.

Late effects of adjuvant treatment on perceived health and quality of life were assessed through a questionnaire mailed to 448 premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients, free from recurrence 2-10 years after primary therapy. The patients had been randomised to postoperative radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy as adjuncts to primary surgery. The differences between the two treatments were generally small. However, the radiotherapy patients had significantly greater problems with decreased stamina, symptoms related to the operation scar and anxiety. The chemotherapy patients had significantly more problems with smell aversion. Activity level inside and outside the home, anxiousness and depressive symptoms were similar in both groups. The chemotherapy patients scored their overall quality of life higher than the radiotherapy patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

Suicides and suicide attempts in cancer patients.

Suicides and suicide attempts in cancer patients were analysed by following all patients treated for cancer in Stockholm County from 1975 to 1985. Among 59,845 patients we identified 144 suicides and 196 suicide attempts during the follow-up, which represents a more than two-fold excess mortality from suicide and a moderately increased rate of suicide attempts. Although the absolute number of deaths from suicide in cancer patients is low, the increased risk highlights the problems of coping with severe illness and the need for psychological and social support in cancer care.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Increased suicide rate in cancer patients. A cohort study based on the Swedish Cancer-Environment Register.

Using the Swedish Cancer-Environment Register, 424,127 cancer patients were followed in the national cause-of-death register with the aim of analyzing the suicide rate among cancer patients compared with the general population. The overall Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) in suicide was 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.8-2.1) for males and 1.6 (1.5-1.8) for females. The suicide rate was highest during the first year after cancer diagnosis, with an SMR of 16.0 (13.5-18.9) in males and 15.4 (11.2-20.6) in females. There were no substantial differences in suicide rate between different sites of tumor, although higher suicide rates were observed in patients with cancer in the lungs and upper airways (both sexes) and with gastro-intestinal tumors (males). Our results corroborate previous findings of an increased suicide rate among cancer patients, and indicate a need for further attention to social and psychological aspects of the care and treatment of cancer patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

Regulation of early mRNA synthesis in bacteriophage T4-infected bacteria: dependence on bacteriophage-specific protein synthesis.

The mechanism of the transcriptional turn-off was studied for those species of mRNA in T4 infection which specify early phage proteins. Total synthesis of these early RNA species was determined by short-time labeling with uracil-5-(3)H after the infection of Escherichia coli B with DNA-negative, conditional lethal mutants, which produce no late mRNA under nonpermissive conditions. With both amber and temperature-sensitive mutants a decrease in incorporation into early RNA by more than 90% was observed within 15 min after infection. Analysis by thin-layer chromatography showed uracil-5-(3)H to enter nucleotide pools throughout the infection cycle. The observed decrease in early RNA synthesis was dependent on protein synthesis, since it could be prevented by chloramphenicol. By varying the time of chloramphenicol addition, the effect of this regulatory protein(s) was found to appear at 3 to 4 min and reached its full extent at 10 to 15 min after infection. The turn-off of transcription of a defined early gene was studied by 5-fluorouracil (FU) rescue of an early, DNA-negative, amber mutant (gene 1, deoxynucleotide kinase) at different times after infection. DNA synthesis could be rescued by FU addition early after infection, but not after 12 min. 5-fluorouracil was efficiently taken up into the nucleotide pools also at late times, as shown by thin-layer chromatography. After incubation in the presence of chloramphenicol from 3 min after infection, DNA synthesis could be rescued as late as 45 min after infection. Thus, when protein synthesis was blocked during the early period of infection, the shut-off of transcription of the studied early gene was prevented.

Carbon Isotopes↗
PubMed1973

Influence of gene 55 on the regulation of synthesis of some early enzymes in bacteriophage T4-infected escherichia coli.

In Escherichia coli B infected with phage T4 with mutations in gene 55 the shut-off of synthesis of two early enzymes was found to be delayed 10 to 15 min as compared to wild-type T4 infection. The kinetics of early enzyme formation was very similar to that obtained after DNA-negative mutant infection. The transcription of gene 1 (one of the genes coded for early enzymes) ceased at 9 to 12 min after infection whether the gene 55 product was active or not, as determined by the time dependence of fluorouracil rescuability of DNA synthesis in cells infected with a gene 1 amber mutant. The synthesis of the major part of the early RNA species, determined by pulse-labeling with uracil-5-(3)H, was furthermore found to be regulated independently of gene 55. An explanation for the extended early enzyme synthesis in DNA-negative and gene 55 mutant infection is offered: translation of early messengers is restricted after about 12 min in wild-type infection, whereas in cells infected with DNA-negative or gene 55 mutants, i.e., the absence of late protein synthesis, early messengers direct the formation of early enzymes for a longer time.

Cell-Free System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perceived susceptibility to and knowledge of malignant melanoma: screening participants vs the general population.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of and mortality from melanoma are increasing and no effective treatment for disseminated disease exists. Studies of factors influencing participation in prevention and early detection of melanoma are therefore warranted. In the present study, participants in public melanoma screening were compared with a sample of the Swedish population with respect to concern for nevi, perceived risk for melanoma, knowledge about melanoma, and sources of information. Gender differences were studied. METHOD: Consecutive participants in public melanoma screening (Participants) received questionnaires at registration for skin examination; 235 (96%) responded. Questionnaires were distributed by mail to a random sample of the Swedish population (Public); 1,070 (63%) responded. RESULTS: Participants were more concerned about nevi, and a higher proportion had previously consulted physicians for suspected lesions compared with the Public. Participants were better informed in terms of the number of sources of information and knowledge of melanoma and risk factors. There were no differences regarding perceived risk and there was a mixed picture concerning knowledge of sun effects and sun protection. Gender differences were found for perceived susceptibility to, knowledge of, and number of sources of information about melanoma, favoring women. CONCLUSION: The preventive aspects of screening as well as the good prognosis of melanoma detected early should be stressed in invitations to skin cancer screening. New approaches for reaching men are warranted.

Adolescent↗