[Smoke and stomach diseases].
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Antacids↗
Biomedical subjects
C Bonato
Publications and source records attributed to C Bonato.
C(Tr)/C(Cr) ratio in pancreatic disease.
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Biomarkers↗
Pancreatic polypeptide secretion after insulin infusion and protein meal in juvenile type 1 diabetic subjects.
An impaired pancreatic polypeptide response (PP) after hypoglycemia has been described in type I diabetic patients with overt autonomic neuropathy. Some authors have suggested that PP release might be useful as sensitive indicator of autonomic neuropathy. The meal test is safer and simpler than the insulin infusion test as PP stimulus. The aim of this study was to compare PP response to insulin infusion and protein meal test and to correlate these responses to the presence of measurable neuropathic disturbances. We thus studied 13 IDDM children and adolescents and 6 normal children. In diabetics the PP response to both tests was not different from that of the control subjects, but PP response to insulin infusion was inversely correlated to the duration of illness and was significantly lower in subjects with pathological heart rate response when compared to the control group. PP responses to the two stimuli were not correlated. We suggest that reduced PP response to hypoglycemia is an early sign of autonomic neuropathy as well as impairment of beat-to-beat variation when impaired PP response to meal test is still not evident.
Adolescent↗
Diagnostic value of serum cholylglycine radioimmunoassay in chronic asymptomatic HBsAg carriers.
The correlation between histological liver abnormalities and fasting serum cholylglycine levels was investigated in 75 chronic asymptomatic HBsAg carriers with normal conventional liver tests, to clarify whether serum CG radioimmunoassay could help in distinguishing the carriers with histological liver damage from those with normal histological findings. Mean (+/- SEM) fasting serum CG levels were 11.6 +/- 1.5 micrograms/dl in 56 carriers with normal liver histology, 14.6 +/- 4.2 micrograms/dl in 16 subjects with CPH and 95.6 +/- 54 micrograms/dl in three carriers with CAH. The incidence of abnormal values (greater than 40 micrograms/dl) among carriers with CAH (66%) was significantly higher than in the other two groups (1.8 and 12.5%, respectively). It is concluded that, among chronic asymptomatic HBsAg carriers with normal conventional liver tests, those who show abnormal serum CG levels are likely to have severe histological damage. This justifies the inclusion of CG radioimmunoassay in the routine follow-up of these subjects. The occurrence of false-positive and false-negative results must be considered if the test is used as an aid in the selection of patients for liver biopsy.
Carrier State↗
Sequences of gastrins purified from a single antrum of dog and of goat.
Heptadecapeptide gastrins (G17) have been purified and sequenced from a variety of species. However, progastrin (G34) sequences have been determined only for pig and human from purified peptides and for rat from cDNA. Since G34 in most species accounts for only approximately 5% of total antral gastrin, micropurification techniques must be employed to avoid the need for large quantities of antral tissue. Efficient purification methodology yielded 1.5 and 1.3 nmol of G34 from the antrum of a single goat and of a single dog, respectively. The N-terminal pyroglutamyl residues were enzymatically removed and the peptides were sequenced through to the proximity of their COOH-termini. The COOH-terminal sequences of goat and dog G34 were confirmed by sequencing the corresponding deblocked G17 from each animal. The previously published dog G17 sequence was shown to be incorrect. The sequences for dog and goat G34 are: Dog less than ELGLQGPPQLVADLSKKQGPWMEEEEAAYGWMDF# Goat less than ELGLQDPPHMVADLSKKQGPWVEEEEAAYGWMDF# Dog and goat gastrins differ in 3 sites in the 17 amino acid NH2-terminus and only a single site in G17 (the sites of differences are underlined). The ratio for sulfated to non-sulfated antral G17 is 9:1 for the goat and 1:9 for the dog.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
A new simple immunoassay for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection: antigen in stool specimens.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Several diagnostic tests are available for evaluating Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection: histological examination, culture of gastric biopsy specimens, rapid urease test, urea breath test and serology. A recently marketed direct enzyme immunoassay (HpSA) detects Hp antigen in stool samples. The aim of our study was to evaluate overall diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of this new diagnostic test. METHODS: We included in the study 84 patients (39 males and 45 females; mean age 49.57 years) with dyspeptic symptoms who were examined by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Exclusion criteria were previous treatment with proton pump inhibitors, bismuth compounds or antibiotics. During the endoscopic examination biopsies were taken from antrum and corpus for Hp culture and histological examination, and stool specimens were submitted to the laboratory to be stored until the HpSA test. Hp was judged to be present when culture or histology and culture were positive. The (13)C-urea breath test was done only in culture-negative patients in whom either histology or immunoassay or both were positive. RESULTS: Hp was found in 55 patients by both culture and histology. Stool antigen has been detected in 54 of the 55 Hp-positive patients, giving a sensitivity of 98.2% and a negative predictive value of 96.4%. In 2 out of 29 patients HpSA gave a positive result, but the biopsy-based methods were negative, resulting in a low rate of false-positives, with 93.1% specificity and 96.4% positive predictive value; the (13)C-urea breath test confirmed these results as negative. CONCLUSION: Our results show that this new test is highly sensitive and specific for the detection of Hp infection, and it is satisfactorily reproducible.
Adult↗