PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Busch

Publications and source records attributed to C Busch.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Differential staining of mitoses in tissue sections and cultured cells by a modified methenamine-silver method.

By a modification of Gomori's methenamine-silver method applied to formalin-fixed tissue and cultured cells, a rapid and reproducible technique was developed, whereby mitotic figures could be stained with high contrast as compared with nonmitotic nuclei. In fact, in cultured cells counterstaining was necessary to identify the nuclei of nondividing cells. The method was applied to a variety of tumors of epithelial or mesenchymal origin. Apart from mitoses, inflammatory cells and stroma were also stained, but the discrimination of mitotic cells was nevertheless much facilitated in most tumors, particularly in solid epithelial ones with scanty stroma. The staining probably involves an association of chromosomal proteins with silver ions, the formalin fixation making it possible to omit the usual initial oxidation step. The mitotic rate is known to be a powerful prognostic factor for malignancy and the staining technique should make it easier to identify mitoses, hence facilitating counting, e.g., with computer-assisted image analysis.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1988

Expression of estramustine-binding protein (EMBP) and the proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 in prostatic carcinomas.

The expression of EMBP and the proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 was studied in in vitro cultured prostatic carcinoma cells and in tumor tissues removed by transurethral electroresection (TUR). EMBP was found to be expressed predominantly in the moderately differentiated carcinomas. A technique based on the immunohistochemical analysis of fine needle specimens was also evaluated. This technique is of potential interest in prospective studies and in monitoring the effect of therapy. Ki-67 was found to be expressed in the prostatic carcinoma cell line (DU-145) studied, as well as in TUR specimens. This antigen reflects the proliferative characteristics of the tumor and may prove useful with respect to prognostic information and choice of appropriate therapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Quantitation and tissue localization of the cellular retinoic acid-binding protein.

The distribution of the cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) in some rat tissues has been determined, and the protein has been localized by immunocytochemical techniques in sections from rat testis. In the testis CRABP was found in the seminiferous tubuli with Sertoli cells and the spermatogonia most intensely stained. All other cells of the germinal epithelium appeared largely devoid of CRABP. By use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay CRABP was quantitatively estimated in several tissues and the highest levels were found in testis and eye. Comparisons of the tissue levels of CRABP and of the cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) did not reveal any apparent correlation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Expression of the carcinoma-associated antigens CA 19-9 and CA-50 in inflammatory bowel disease.

The expression of gastrointestinal cancer antigen, CA 19-9, and of carcinoma-associated antigen, CA-50, was studied in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue from 18 patients with ulcerative colitis, 29 with Crohn's disease in the colon, four with diverticular disease, and eight with sigmoid volvulus. None of the patients with inflammatory bowel disease showed strong dysplasia or had manifest carcinoma. Both antigens were expressed frequently in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Of the 18 patients with ulcerative colitis, 17 were positive for both CA 19-9 and CA-50, and of the 29 with Crohn's colitis, 21 were positive for CA 19-9 and 22 for CA-50. No distinct differences in antigenic expression were found between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. CA-50 was expressed in normal colonic mucosa from 10 of 12 patients with sigmoid volvulus or diverticular disease, and such mucosa was positive for CA 19-9 in three of the four patients with diverticular disease and in two of the eight patients with sigmoid volvulus. It is concluded that immunodetection of CA-50 or CA 19-9 is of limited value in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. The usefulness of these antigens as markers for precancerous changes in inflammatory bowel disease is also doubtful, since the expression is also frequent in cases of inflammatory lesions, with no obviously increased risk of malignancy.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Haematological correlates of burrowing in Ctenomys.

Haematological parameters related to O2 transport and regulation of acid-base equilibrium were determined for two species of Ctenomys. The oxygen capacity values of Ctenomys blood are similar to those of other fossorial mammals. Ctenomys blood has almost half the number of red blood cells of Rattus blood but the amount of Hb in each blood cell is 2-2.5 times higher. Blood pH is within typical mammalian values. Concentration of inorganic phosphate is higher in Ctenomys than in rats while bicarbonate and protein values are within typical mammalian range.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1987

Antigenic heterogeneity and individuality in adenocarcinomas of the rectum and their secondaries.

The reaction patterns of eight antibodies directed against blood group substances A, B and H, respectively, against Lewis B antigen, difucosylated carbohydrate antigens (DFCA), gastrointestinal cancer antigen CA 19-9 (GICA), carcinoma-associated antigen CA-50 and CEA, were studied in 68 rectal carcinomas using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. A pronounced intratumoral antigenic heterogeneity was revealed for most antigens. It thus became evident that an interpretation based upon small preoperative biopsies would be inaccurate. The overall proportion of positive carcinoma cells, however, did not vary much between larger samples taken postoperatively from different regions of the tumours. The intertumoral antigenic variability was also considerable: nearly all tumours had an individual immunohistochemical profile according to the proportions of positive cells. Heterogeneous staining patterns were also present within metastases, and lymph node metastases from the primary tumour in some cases differed completely from each other. The staining pattern did not correlate with Dukes' stage, and degree of differentiation; the expression of any individual antigen, or several antigens in combination.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1987

Recurrence, progression and survival in bladder cancer. A retrospective analysis of 232 patients with greater than or equal to 5-year follow-up.

A retrospective study of 232 bladder tumours with minimum follow-up 5 years is presented. The carcinoma was superficial in 66%, muscle-invasive in 31% and could not be staged in 3%. Primary treatment was mainly transurethral resection for superficial tumour, but was cystectomy or radiotherapy in 22 of 29 T1 G3. Of the superficial tumours, 71% recurred. Progression to higher T stage occurred in 15% of Ta and 29% of T1 tumours, and half of these patients died of bladder cancer. The corrected 5-year survival rates in grades 1, 2A, 2B and 3-4 were 96, 84, 64 and 43%, and in stages Ta, T1, T2 and T3 they were 94, 69, 40 and 31%. All patients with T4 tumour died within 4 years. Among the 45 patients with 40 Gy irradiation + cystectomy, the corrected 5-year survival rate was 83% in superficial and 64% in muscle-invasive tumours, and among the 38 with radical radiotherapy the rates in T1-3 were 46, 36 and 13%. Transurethral resection was successful in most Ta cases. Most T1 tumours were, like T2-4, of higher grade than Ta. Prognosis was worse in T1 than in Ta. After progression to muscle-invasive disease, even during close follow-up the outlook was poor, as poor as for patients with primary muscle-invasive disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

The topical relationship among adjacent utterances in productively delayed children's language addressed to their mothers.

Topic continuing and nontopic continuing utterances produced by three productively language-disordered preschoolers were examined. All children were intellectually, normal, exhibited multiple articulation errors, and produced utterances characteristic of children in Brown Stage I. Each child and mother participated in a videotaped 40-min free play activity. Communicative behavior emitted by mothers and children was transcribed using procedures described by Bloom, Rocissano, and Hood (1976). Subsequently, all intelligible child utterances produced adjacent to a maternal utterance were coded as imitative (maintained topic but added no new information), contingent (maintained topic and added new information), and noncontingent (changed topic). Results suggested that these productively disordered children produced a proportion of adjacent utterances comparable to proportions previously reported for children with normal production language skills (Bloom, Rocissano, and Hood, 1976). Further analysis suggested that these productively delayed children relied on an imitation strategy to continue conversational exchanges. Results are discussed in terms of intervention procedures suitable for children displaying conversational deficits, particularly the impact of phonological delay on conversational exchanges.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Biochemical and morphologic studies of the prostate gland in men subjected to radical cystectomy.

Whole human prostate glands obtained from patients undergoing radical cystectomy were dissected into three paired lobes and the various parts of the gland were subjected to biochemical and morphologic examination. No distinct differences were found between the prostate lobes in regard to content of divalent cations, acid phosphatase and ATPase. These findings were concordant with observations at light microscopy. Hence, despite discernible change in cellular appearance, no distinct border was observed between lobes indicating separate "compartments".

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Cellular retinol-binding protein. Quantitation and distribution.

The distribution of cellular retinol-binding protein was localized in three tissues involved in the transport of vitamin A using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. In addition, a sensitive radioimmunoassay was developed to quantitate cellular retinol-binding protein in various tissues. In liver, the protein was found in the hepatocytes and in the perisinusoidal fat-storing cells. The columnar epithelial cells of the jejunum and the cells of the proximal tubuli also exhibit high concentrations of cellular retinol-binding protein. Estimations of the content of the protein in various tissues from normal and retinol-deficient rats showed that the retinol status did not affect the tissue levels or the subcellular distribution. The appearance of high amounts of this protein in cells involved in the dietary uptake, storage, mobilization, and resorption of vitamin A suggest that one function of the cellular retinol-binding protein is to act as a vehicle in the intracellular transport of retinol through these organs.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Endometriosis in rhesus monkeys.

Endometriosis was present in five out of six Rhesus monkeys who had to be sacrificed because of disease in a colony of 90. The monkeys lost appetite and became constipated. The abdomen was distended and often a pelvic mass could be palpated. At autopsy, 300-500 ml of blood-stained fluid was found in the abdomen together with intestinal or pelvic endometriosis. The ethiology of endometriosis in Rhesus monkeys is unknown. The most probable explanation is intraabdominal implantation of endometrial tissue through retrograde menstruation. The lesion is rare in animals in free ranging colonies. It is not known whether this is due to a higher frequency of pregnancies in animals with free access to matings or to its consequences, i.e. more infrequent menstruations.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Methods in laboratory investigation. Exclusion of trypan blue from microcarriers by endothelial cells: an in vitro barrier function test.

The introduction of microcarriers in cell culture work has offered new possibilities not least in the study of endothelial biology. This article describes the use of microcarriers for selection of endothelial cells from mixed cultures by using a simple migration-transfer technique. Colonies of either endothelial or smooth muscle cells were allowed to form on gelatin-coated dishes with mitomycin-treated feeder cells. Microcarriers were then seeded so that one or two of them attached to each colony. The cells populated the microspheres within 2 to 3 days. Microcarriers from pure endothelial cell colonies were selected for transfer and serial subcultivation. Furthermore, a method to study the barrier function of confluent microcarrier cultures of endothelium was outlined. This method utilizes the fact that intact confluent cells exclude the dye trypan blue from the matrix of the microspheres which otherwise binds the dye tightly. The rate of absorption of trypan blue from a standard buffer containing 0.2% dye and 1 mg/ml of serum albumin by a standard volume of packed cell covered microspheres was determined. It was shown that confluent endothelial cells provided a barrier for the dye for several hours and that the subcellular matrix contributed to the barrier but only to a small extent. Treatment of the cells with dicloxacilline, 0.1 gm/ml, and homocysteine, at 8 mM, also influenced the barrier markedly. Dicloxacilline caused a complete breakdown and homocysteine clearly increased the rate of absorption of the trypan blue. It is suggested that the barrier function of cultured cells may be studied by this technique or future modifications based on similar principles.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

Formation and growth of multicellular spheroids of human origin.

Different types of human cells which normally grow as monolayers or suspension cultures were tested for their capacity to form and grow as spheroids. Sixteen out of the 27 tested tumour cell lines formed spheroids. Nearly all of these spheroids also grew. With only two exceptions the doubling times were longer when the tumour cells grew as spheroids than when they grew in conventional mass culture. Eleven out of 13 tested human non-tumour cells formed small spheroids but of these only the spheroids of lymphoid origin could grow. These lymphoid cells grew faster when aggregated to spheroids than when in single-cell suspension culture. None of the other non-tumour cells, which normally grew as monolayers, could grow as spheroids. The normally monolayer-cultured tumour cells formed symmetrical spheroids with smooth surfaces while the normally suspension-cultured cells formed irregular spheroids with rough surfaces. All large spheroids had a necrotic centre surrounded by a shell of viable cells. The thickness of the viable cell layer varied depending on cell type. The shape and organization of cells within the spheroids also varied largely. The results show that many types of human cells can be cultured as spheroids and that a wide spectrum of morphological appearances and growth rates can be obtained.

Cell Aggregation↗
PubMed1983

Structure and tissue distribution of some retinoid-binding proteins.

Vitamin A has, apart from its function in the visual pigments, general effects on several organs. Early signs of vitamin A deficiency include keratinization of epithelia and hyperkeratosis of the skin. To elucidate a generalized function for vitamin A, we have taken the approach of tracing the vitamin from its storage site in the liver via its blood transport by the retinol-binding protein (RBP) to its uptake by susceptible cells. We have also examined the intracellular occurrence of vitamin A as regards its binding to specific receptor proteins. Here we summarize data on the amino acid sequences of several vitamin A-binding proteins. The finding that CRBP and CRABP, the two intracellular proteins, are homologous to each other, to a myelin protein, and to a fatty acid-binding protein may shed light on the functions of these proteins. Retinoic acid, which binds to CRABP but not CRBP, induces differentiation of teratocarcinoma cells. This is accompanied by a lowering of the CRABP concentration, an increase of the CRBP level, and an increase in the uptake of retinol from RBP. The epidermis contains both CRBP and CRABP, and their distributions are rather similar. However, in contrast to CRBP, CRABP is most abundant in cells lining the hair follicles. CRBP occurs in greatest relative amounts in the outer layers of the epidermis. Since techniques have been developed to measure CRBP and CRABP, normal and disease-affected skin may now be explored as to quantity and cellular distribution of the retinoid-binding proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗