Biomedical subjects
C C Fraterrigo
Publications and source records attributed to C C Fraterrigo.
Accuracy and efficiency of three methods of preparing piggyback admixtures.
The efficiency and accuracy of three methods of preparing i.v. admixtures in small-volume plastic bags were compared. One hundred individual 1-g doses of cephalothin sodium in 50-ml minibags were prepared by each of three methods; the PharmAide Fluid Dispensing System (PAFDS), the Valleylab IV Formulator, and the Viavac vacuum unit, using 20-g, 20-g, and 1-g vials of cephalothin sodium, respectively. For each method, preparation time and cost were recorded. To determine accuracy, a random 10% sample of minibags prepared by each method was assayed for cephalothin concentration by microbiologic assay. The IV Formulator required the least time to prepare 100 doses, followed by the PAFDS and the vacuum unit. Cost data for the three methods were nearly identical, with a difference of only $0.07 per dose between the least and most expensive. The minibags prepared using the vacuum pump and unit-of-use vials were more accurate than those prepared with 20-g vials and the other two methods. However, the initial concentration of the cephalothin sodium vials before transferring to the minibags was not tested. Each method studied was found to have advantages and disadvantages. No one system could be judged best for all situations.
Unreported adverse drug reactions determined by screening physician orders for diphenhydramine.
According to the standards developed by the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Hospitals, all adverse drug reactions should be reported following written procedures. An Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Program is conducted by the Department of Pharmacy Services under the direction of the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. However, many of the adverse drug reactions that occur go unreported. The purpose of the study was to determine whether patients can be screened for particular adverse drug reactions by reviewing the charts of patients having medication orders for diphenhydramine. While 48% of the patients included in the study had received diphenhydramine for treatment of an allergic reaction to a medication, none of the cases involving these reactions were reported according to the written procedures governing the Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Program. The results of the study indicate that by auditing the prescribing of certain medications one can identify patients having complications due to their drug therapy. A more comprehensive study program could be developed which would screen for many types of adverse drug reactions and audit all of the drugs used to treat these drug-induced illnesses.
Production of carbon dioxide gas after reconstitution of cefamandol nafate.
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Antibiotics from mycoplasma. I. Acholeplasma laidlawii B.
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Tetracycline inhibition of Mycoplasma ribosomal protein synthesis.
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