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Biomedical subjects

C C Lin

Publications and source records attributed to C C Lin.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

The visible vessel on the bleeding gastric ulcer: an endoscopic-pathological study.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The visible vessel is an important endoscopic sign for predicting rebleeding in ulcers. Freeman has described a visible vessel with a high rate of rebleeding as a "pearl" color (whitish) compared with a darkly colored "sentinel" clot with a low rebleeding rate. Clarifying the color of visible vessels helps to distinguish high-risk bleeding ulcers. We conducted a retrospective study that compared pathological findings with endoscopic pictures to determine the significance of the visible vessel's color. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 1986 to December 1992, 110 patients who underwent endoscopy and received subtotal gastrectomies for ulcer bleeding were included in this study. Of these, 24 received endoscopic therapy before the operation. There were 94 males and 16 females, ranging in age from 30 to 90 years, with a mean age of 62.5 years. According to Freeman's report, a subgroup of visible vessels (IIav +) was defined as having either a "pearl-colored" collar around a red or black protruding mount or a "pearl-colored" mount on the ulcer base. The endoscopic findings were compared with the findings of the pathological specimens. RESULTS: The endoscopic findings on the stigmata of recent hemorrhage in the 110 patients revealed that 31 were of type IIa (including 18 type IIav+ and 13 type IIav-), 56 of type IIb, 18 of type IIc, and 5 of type III. Fifty-four patients (49,1%) were found from their pathological specimen to have an eroded vessel on their ulcer base. Type IIa patients had a higher percentage of eroded vessels. The percentages of eroded vessels in types IIa, IIb, IIc, and III were 67.7%, 46.4%, 33.3%, and 20 %, respectively (P < 0.05, Fisher's exact test). Of the 54 patients with an eroded vessel in their pathological specimen, 13 (24 %) were found to have some vessel wall above the ulcer base (six in type IIa, four in type IIb, two in type IIc, and one in type III). Among the six with vessel wall above the ulcer base in type IIa, five patients (83 %) were identified as type IIav+ under endoscopy. There was a greater frequency of having a vessel wall above the ulcer base in type IIav+ than in type IIav- (38.5% vs. 12.5%) among the 31 endoscopic type IIa patients. CONCLUSION: From this study, we determined that the wall of an eroded vessel on a gastric ulcer may protrude either above or below the ulcer base. A vessel wall on the ulcer base will appear pearl-colored under endoscopic view.

Female↗
PubMed1997

Culture medium induced morphological changes of melanoma cells associated with change in sensitivity to lysis by lymphokine-activated killer cells.

Three sublines (Clones 1, 2 and 7) of the human melanoma CaCL 73-36 cell line with different cellular morphology, growth patterns, melanin content and surface antigenic profile were maintained in RPMI-1640 medium plus 10% fetal bovine serum (abbreviated as RPMI). Each subline was divided into two groups: one grown in RPMI and the other in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium plus 10% fetal bovine serum (abbreviated as DMEM) for 96 h. Phenotypically, Clone 2 expressed Class I and II MHC and ICAM-1 on the surface and in the cytoplasm, while Clones 1 and 7 failed to express these antigens in both the cytoplasm and on the cell surface. Melanotic Clones 1 and 7 cells became even more pigmented, had slower growth rates, and exhibited lower saturation densities when incubated in DMEM than when they were incubated in RPMI. On the other hand, Clone 2 cells maintained in RPMI were grossly amelanotic, contained defective-like melanosomes detected ultrastructurally, and had distinct clusters of microvilli polarly located in most of the cells. Such specialized ultrastructures were not affected by medium conditions. Analysis of sensitivity of the clonal sublines to cytolysis by allogeneic effector cells revealed that in spite of low levels of natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity noted, DMEM produced a 2- to 14-fold increase in sensitivity to NK cells, irrespective of which medium was used. Different levels of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cytolytic activity were clearly observed in sublines maintained in RPMI, with Clone 2 being the most sensitive and both Clones 1 and 7 being less sensitive. Cells grown in DMEM exhibited significantly higher levels of sensitivity to LAK cytolysis than cells grown in RPMI as revealed by their differences in lytic units (p < 0.05). This was likely due to the high levels of surface ICAM-1 expression in cells incubated in DMEM vs little expression of this adhesion molecule by cells grown in RPMI. Taken together, these results demonstrate the presence of heterogeneous subpopulations within the CaCL 73-36 melanoma cell line regarding their pigmentary status, antigenic profile, growth pattern and responsiveness to NK/LAK cytolysis. The results also call attention to the importance of utilizing a same medium in short- and long-term cultures of melanomas for biological studies and response evaluations of therapeutic agents such as LAK cells, when multiple cell targets from different patients or multi-metastatic cell lines from individual patients are to be compared. Finally, these melanoma sublines may be valuable for further elucidation of the relationship between MHC expression, and increased sensitivity to LAK cytolysis, and the role of the components of DMEM in the mechanism for the observed induction of cell differentiation and enhanced LAK cytolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Distinct clinicopathologic characteristics of diffuse- and intestinal-type gastric cancer in Taiwan.

The clinicopathologic features of 221 patients with intestinal-type (IT) gastric cancer were compared retrospectively with those of 290 diffuse type (DT). Intestinal type was characterized by an older mean age (65.0 +/- 10.8 years vs. 56.2 +/- 13 years), a higher male-female ratio (2.56 vs. 1.06), predominance of blood group O (46.2% vs. 31.1%), and frequent habitual smoking (50.7% vs. 31.4%) and drinking (28.5% vs. 17.6%) than did DT. In contrast, DT had a higher frequency of positive history of parent or sibling with gastric cancer (9.3% vs. 4.1%) and blood group A (40.3% vs. 27.6%) than did IT. The distinguishing histologic features of DT included more Borrmann type IV (13.1% vs. 1.3%) but less Borrmann type I (1% vs. 7.2%), more frequent involvement of middle third (26.9% vs. 15.9%) and whole stomach (4.1% vs. 0%), and more peritoneal seeding (15.5% vs. 9%), lymph node metastasis (67.2% vs. 51%), and nerve permeation (34.1% vs. 24.4%), but less Helicobacter pylori infection (55.9% vs. 69.2%) when compared with those of IT. There was no difference in depth of tumor invasion, venous permeation, duodenal involvement, and postoperative survival between IT and DT. These distinct clinicopathologic features between IT and DT in Taiwan suggest the presence of a different pathogenic process for these two histologic subtypes of gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Analysis of isepamicin in human plasma by radioimmunoassay, microbiologic assay, and high-performance liquid chromatography.

Plasma concentrations of isepamicin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), microbiological assay (MA), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in healthy volunteers after administration of 7.5 mg/kg intramuscular dosages once daily for 10 days. Plasma samples were collected on days 1, 7, and 10. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 0.1 microg/ml for HPLC and RIA and 0.5 microg/ml for MA. The HPLC and RIA yielded superimposable plasma concentration-time curves, whereas the plasma concentrations obtained with MA appeared to be 20% to 30% lower. Regression analysis indicated good correlations among the three assays, with coefficients of correlation measuring 0.935 to 0.960 for RIA compared with HPLC, 0.925 to 0.945 for MA compared with HPLC, and 0.920 to 0.945 for RIA compared with MA.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

Pharmacokinetics of isepamicin following a single administration by intravenous infusion or intramuscular injections.

The pharmacokinetics of isepamicin following administration of a 1-g dose were evaluated for 18 healthy male volunteers between the ages of 26 and 38. In a randomized crossover fashion, each volunteer received doses of isepamicin by a 30-min intravenous infusion and as an intramuscular injection. Blood samples were collected at specified times after dosing and assayed for isepamicin by a validated radioimmunoassay method. The individual plasma concentration-time curves were analyzed by noncompartmental methods. In general, the pharmacokinetics after intravenous infusion and intramuscular injection were similar. As expected, the maximum concentration of isepamicin in serum following intramuscular injection (37.2 microg/ml) was lower than the observed concentration at the end of infusion (66.7 microg/ml). The areas under the concentration-time curves from 0 h to infinity following intramuscular and intravenous administration were 164.8 and 154.5 microg x hr/ml, respectively, indicating complete absorption following intramuscular administration. The respective mean terminal-phase half-life (t1/2) values were 2.6 and 3.6 h. Although t1/2 was slightly longer following intravenous infusion, the small difference in the observed t1/2 values was not considered to be clinically significant. Total body clearances following intramuscular injection and intravenous infusion were 1.3 and 1.4 ml/min/kg, respectively, which were similar to renal serum creatinine clearances in healthy volunteers (> 1.14 ml/min/kg). The drug was safe and well tolerated. The results of the present study clearly show complete absorption of isepamicin following intramuscular administration. The similarity in the pharmacokinetics after intravenous infusion and intramuscular dosing would permit interchangeable administration of isepamicin by either route without compromising clinical efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of Terminalia catappa.

The free radical scavenging and antihepatotoxic activity from Terminalia catappa was studied. Treatment with T. catappa water extracts showed antihepatotoxic activity against CCl4-induced toxicity in the rat liver that was tested. The crude drug also exhibited anti-oxidant effects in FeCl2-Ascorbic acid induced lipid peroxidation in the rat liver homogenate. Moreover, the superoxide radical scavenger effect of T. catappa was demonstrated using electron spin resonance (ESR) and spintrapping technique. The results indicate that T. catappa possesses good antihepatotoxic activity and superoxide radical scavenger activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Ameliorative effect of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate and carbon-tetrachloride induced toxicity in rats.

Syh-Mo-Yin (SMY), Guizhi-Fuling-Wan (GFW), Shieh-Qing-Wan (SQW) and Syh-Nih-San (SNS) are prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for liver disease. The effects of these four prescriptions against experimental liver injury induced by alpha-Naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were studied. Rats treated with ANIT (100 mg/kg) exhibited elevations of serum total bilirubin (TBI), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate-oxalatetransaminase (sGOT) and glutamate-pyruvate-transminase (sGPT) as well as cholestasis and parenchymanecrosis. In rats receiving SMY, SQW and SNS treatment after ANIT challenged, the biochemical and morphological parameters of liver injury were significantly reduce. Elevated lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in liver tissue, associated with an increase in serum GOT and GPT level, was observed in CCl4-treated rats. Treatment with these four prescriptions on CCl4-induced liver injury rats showed a remarkable hepatoprotective effect. A significant decrease in peroxidative level suggested that these prescriptions have anti free radical properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Defect of cell-mediated immune response against hepatitis B virus: an indication for pathogenesis of hepatitis-B-virus-associated membranous nephropathy.

To elucidate the questions of why not all patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection develop HBV membranous nephropathy (HBVMN), we first measured serum HBe circulating immune complex (CIC) during the acute nephrotic phase of HBVMN and in HBV carriers. We found that the level of HBe CIC was low in the HBVMN patients and absent either in HBsAg+/HBeAg+ patients without HBVMN or HBsAg+/HBeAg- asymptomatic carriers. Second, we needed to characterize the cellular immune response to HBV in patients with HBVMN. However, lack of a suitable autologous effector/target cell system makes a precise study of HBVMN pathogenesis difficult. In the present study, we established a model system by using autologous HBcAg-expressing Epstein-Barr-virus-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) as stimulator/target cells. Both proliferative response after stimulation with HBcAg and cytotoxic activity against autologous HBcAg-expressing LCL of the peripheral blood T cells obtained from the HBVMN patients and HBsAg carriers could be measured. Using autologous HBcAg-expressing LCL as stimulator/target cells for the study of HBcAg-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, we found that HBVMN patients had lower cytotoxic activity than did both HBV carriers and HBsAg-/HBsAb+, HBeAg-/HBeAb+ children. From the in vitro cytokine production study of peripheral blood T cells after stimulation with HBcAg, we found that T-helper-cell-1-related IL-2 and IFN-gamma productions were very low in HBVMN patients but T-helper-cell-2-related IL-10 production was higher in HBsAg+/HBeAg+ patients with HBVMN than in those without HBVMN. Based on these findings, we conclude that HBVMN children seem to have an inadequate cellular immune response to HBcAg.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Maximal forced expiratory maneuver to measure airway obstruction in anesthetized guinea pigs.

Our purpose was to develop a method using a maximal forced expiratory flow (MFEF) for the study of airway hyperreactivity in guinea pigs induced by ovalbumin inhalation challenge. Eight guinea pigs (weight range 350-450 g) were sensitized by inhaled ovalbumin (group I) 2 times during a 1-week interval and then subjected to provocation with ovalbumin 1 week later. Pulmonary function tests at baseline and after acetylcholine challenge were performed 72 h later. Eight weight-matched normal guinea pigs served as controls (group II). All animals were anesthetized, paralyzed with gallamine, and ventilated via tracheostomy. They were given varying doses of acetylcholine (25, 50, 75, 100 micrograms/kg) injected through a jugular venous catheter. Five seconds after acetylcholine injections, pulmonary function was examined, including maximal forced expiratory maneuver, peak airway pressure (PaO) and total lung compliance. After completing the pulmonary function tests, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed with 20 ml normal saline divided into two doses. Thereafter, the lungs were removed and examined histologically. The results showed that guinea pigs treated with ovalbumin had worse pulmonary function tests than normal controls, characterized by lower peak flow, MFEF 75%, MFEF 50% and vital capacity. The ovalbumin-presensitized guinea pigs also demonstrated severe bronchoconstriction in response to acetylcholine, characterized by larger decreases in peak flow, MFEF 75%, MFEF 50% and in vital capacity than the control group. Total cell count, the percentage and absolute number of eosinophils and lymphocytes were increased, and the percentage of macrophages was decreased in the BAL fluid of these animals. Finally, ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs had a severe inflammatory reaction in airway and lung tissue, characterized by congestion, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration (especially lymphocytes and eosinophils) and desquamation of bronchial epithelial cells. In conclusion, a forced expiratory maneuver can be used to perform pulmonary function tests in guinea pigs.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1997

Risk factors for parasuicide among psychiatric inpatients.

To improve suicide prevention during hospitalization, this study examined risk factors for parasuicide among psychiatric inpatients. A group of 58 psychiatric inpatients (19 with schizophrenia, 20 with depression, and 19 with other diagnoses) who displayed suicidal behavior during hospitalization were compared with two control groups of nonparasuicidal inpatients. For inpatients with schizophrenia, a history of parasuicide was a risk factor; for those with depression, it was suicidal behavior on admission; and for patients with other diagnoses, it was violence during hospitalization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Bronchoconstriction and eosinophil recruitment in guinea pig lungs after platelet activating factor administration.

Using a forced expiratory maneuver to measure flow volume loops, we evaluated the ability of platelet activating factor (PAF) to induce acute bronchospasm and in histological changes associated with bronchial asthma in guinea pigs. We determined both the dose-response curve and the time course of PAF-induced bronchoconstriction. Eight guinea pigs with weights ranging from 350 to 450 g were anesthetized, tracheotomized, and then paralyzed with gallamine. Baseline pulmonary function tests (PFT) were done. Different doses (25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 ng/kg) of PAF were injected through the jugular vein, and serial PFTs were done at 30 sec, 2, 5, and 20 min after each dose of PAF. Acetylcholine provocation testing was done following the 200 ng/kg dose of PAF. The PFTs included a forced expiratory maneuver, airway opening pressure (PaO), and total lung compliance (TLC). After all PFTs were completed, cell counts were done on fluid obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and the lungs were removed for histological study. Eight other guinea pigs were used as controls. The results showed that with increasing doses of PAF from 25 ng/kg to 200 ng/kg, all lung function parameters, including vital capacity, peak flow, MFEF 75%, MFEF 50%, MFEF 25%, and total lung compliance, gradually decreased. However, a further increase of the dose of PAF up to 500 ng/kg did not result in continued worsening of PFTs. The most severe bronchoconstriction occurred 30 sec after PAF was injected, and it gradually resolved thereafter. PAF injection also induced a severe inflammatory reaction of the airway and lung tissue, characterized by congestion, edema, inflammatory cell (especially lymphocytes and eosinophils) infiltration, and desquamation of bronchial epithelial cells. In conclusion, in the guinea pig model, PAF can induce acute reversible bronchospasm and bronchial hyperreactivity, as well as the typical histological changes of bronchial asthma.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1997

Coexistent mitral stenosis and coronary artery fistula presenting as myocardial ischemia: case report.

We report a 50-year-old female case of mitral stenosis with congenital coronary artery fistula communicating the left anterior descending artery to pulmonary artery. In reviewing the literature, mitral stenosis associated with coronary artery fistula is rare. The case was initially treated medically for congestive heart failure. The electrocardiogram revealed severe myocardial ischemia and no obvious etiology was found clinically. The coronary angiogram demonstrated the diagnosis of coronary artery fistula. Myocardial ischemia improved markedly after surgical correction of the valvular disease and the fistula. The patient continued to do well during 2 years and 10 months follow up. The concomitant mitral stenosis masked the symptoms of coronary artery fistula, and made us fall to diagnose the condition initially. Valvular heart disease associated with severe myocardial ischemia without obvious atherosclerotic stenosis of coronary artery reminded us of the possibility of coronary artery fistula, though it has rarely been reported.

Arterio-Arterial Fistula↗
PubMed1997

The relationship between health locus of control and compliance of hemodialysis patients.

Successful treatment of end stage renal disease (ESRD) depends on the patient compliance with therapeutic regimens. This descriptive study was conducted to examine the relationship between the health locus of control (HLC) orientation and compliance with therapeutic regimens. The convenience sample of 86 hemodialysis patients was obtained at two hemodialysis centers of teaching hospitals in southern Taiwan. A Demographic Questionnaire, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scale, and Multimethod Compliance Assessment (including: Laboratory Assessment, Nurse Assessment, and Patient Self-report) were used to collect the data. The average overall rate of compliance with therapeutic regimen was 76.4% by patient self-report and 69.2% by nurse assessment. Examining the three compliance measures, patients were most compliant in following instructions for taking phosphate-binding medication (PBM) and least compliant in limiting fluid intake according to patient self-report and by nurses' assessment. The level of compliance for diet restriction fell between the other two measures. No significant correlations between the three subscales of the multidimensional health locus of control (MHLC) and composite compliance measures were found in this study, except that those with a high score on the subscale of powerful others locus of control were positively correlated with patient self-report (r = 0.388, p < 0.001) and with the laboratory assessment (r = 0.21, p < 0.01). This suggests that the MHLC construct had only a slight influence on measures of compliance in hemodialysis patients of Taiwan. Implications of findings for nursing practice, theory, and research are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Using self-efficacy in assessing self-care to the IDDM patients].

The purpose of this study was to test an Self-Efficacy Scale for IDDM patients to assess their self-care performances. Data were collected by convenience sampling method from 72 patients with IDDM at southern Taiwan from February 5 to June 15, 1995. Two instruments were used in this study: the Insulin Management Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (IMDSES) and Diabetes Self-Care Scale. The following results were obtained. 1. Subjects had average levels of self-efficacy. The IMDSES Scale total mean was 70.59 (SD = 16.59). The highest and the lowest mean in all IMDSES subscales were blood sugar monitor (76.29, SD = 16.37) and the foot care (63.37, SD = 26.92) respectively. 2. Subjects had average levels of self-care. The Diabetes Self-Care Scale total mean was 68.80 (SD = 18.45). The highest and the lowest mean in all Diabetes subscale were insulin adjustment (75.01, SD = 20.22) and the foot care (61.07, SD = 27.70) 3. There was a strong correlation between the IMDSES Scale and the Diabetes Self-Care Scale (r = 0.94, p < 0.01). In addition, there were significant Pearson correlations between each of the all Diabetes Self-Efficacy subscales and their related Self-Care subscales (r = 0.93 approximately 0.62, p < 0.01). These results supported the theoretical perspective of Bandura's self-efficacy. Individual with higher levels of self-efficacy were better able to manage their diabetes self-care. Implications of these findings for nursing practice and research are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Cardiac angiomyolipoma: radiologic and pathologic correlation.

Primary tumors of the heart are rare. We report a case of large cardiac angiomyolipoma (hamartoma) that presented as a fat-containing tumor mass on imaging studies, diagnosed radiographically as teratoma. The patient was admitted through the emergency room at Tainan Municipal Hospital because of severe dyspnea. A chest radiograph revealed marked widening of the mediastinum. Echocardiography and computed tomographic scanning of the thorax showed a mass of mixed density with calcification. A teratoma with intrapericardial invasion was suspected. Sternotomy disclosed a large intrapericardial lobulated mass (34 x 30 x 12 cm, 3,150 g) arising from the right atrium, with severe adhesion to the origin of the inferior vena cava. Histopathologic examination demonstrated an angiomyolipoma of the heart. To our knowledge, this is the largest cardiac angiomyolipoma reported. We report this case to emphasize that a differential diagnosis of angiomyolipoma must be included in a patient with a fat-containing cardiac tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Patient barriers to cancer pain management: from the viewpoint of the cancer patients receiving analgesics in a teaching hospital of Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the barriers to receiving analgesics for cancer pain in Taiwanese patients. METHODS: The sample consisted of 128 hospitalized patients. All of the subjects were receiving analgesics. Three questionnaires entitled "Barriers Questionnaire-Taiwan Form (BQT)", "Brief Pain Inventory Short Form", and "Pain Management Index (PMI)" were used in this study. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test and Pearson correlation. RESULTS: The results showed that most of BQT subscales including disease progression, time interval, tolerance, injection, addiction, fatalism and side effects were approaching toward the moderate or high end of the scale. 42.1% (n = 54) of the patients had negative PMI scores indicating that they were using less than adequate analgesics for pain. There was a significant difference between those who had adequate medication and those who did not, in terms of disease progression score and the total BQT score. CONCLUSIONS: Overall the result revealed that pain management in these cancer patients was inadequate. Misconceptions on the part of patients still exist. Educational intervention could be an effective means for overcoming such barriers in Taiwanese patients who received analgesics for cancer pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Low-flow anesthesia in adult orthotopic liver transplantation: a preliminary clinical experience.

BACKGROUND: Anesthesia in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) may carry with complex hemodynamic, body temperature, and metabolic alterations. Although OLT cases increased in recent years in Taiwan, experiences remained limited. Notable advantage of low flow anesthesia may include reduced consumption of anesthetic gases and vapors, reduced environmental pollution and cost-saving. This study investigated patient profiles and the feasibility of low-flow rebreathing technique for adult orthotopic liver transplantation. METHODS: Since June 1996, there were six OLT patients who received low flow anesthesia with isoflurane. All patients received hepatic veno-venal anastmosis (so-called piggy back procedure). Two patients were excluded from this study because of different surgical procedure (total occlusion of inferior vena cava and inferior vena cava veno-venal anastmosis). During maintenance of anesthesia, isoflurane was carried by a mixture of oxygen and air at a total fresh gas flow of 0.6 L/min. Alongside with the standard anesthesia machine and physiologic monitors, a newly designed Swan-Ganz catheter was introduced to measure and record cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary artery pressure, central venous pressure, and core temperature in a real-time manner. Blood samples were collected at 6 predetermined time-points in each patient for analysis of arterial blood gases, electrolytes, lactate and glucose concentrations. RESULTS: The anesthetic time was 916 +/- 26 min (900 to 930 min). All patients regained their consciousness within 30 min after completion of surgery. The hemodynamics were relatively stable except after reperfusion of the liver. There was a significant decrease in mean arterial blood pressure, which occurred with accompaniment of a reduction of systemic vascular resistance and increased cardiac output. Arterial blood gas, electrolyte, and glucose were, however, maintained within acceptable limits. Blood lactate was progressively increased and reached its peak after reperfusion of the liver until the end of surgery. The core temperature was well maintained above 34 degrees C. No patient developed hypoxia or hypercapnia. CONCLUSIONS: Low-flow rebreathing anesthetic technique maintained acceptable patient profiles and good body temperature preservation in orthotopic liver transplantation. These characteristics make it a promising method in maintenance of anesthesia for OLT.

Adult↗