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Biomedical subjects

C C Muscoplat

Publications and source records attributed to C C Muscoplat.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Immunization against bovine papillomavirus infection.

The two large open reading frames denoted L1 and L2 in the non-transforming region of the bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) genome have been molecularly cloned to expression in Escherichia coli. Antisera against the E. coli-derived L1 and L2 protein reacted with BPV-1 in both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoprecipitation reactions. Neutralization of BPV-induced transformation of mouse C127 cells was demonstrated most consistently with antisera against the L1 protein. E. coli-derived L1 protein protected calves against BPV-1 challenge after vaccination.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Adjuvant enhancement of humoral immune response to chemically inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus.

Potentiation of the antibody response to inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus by immunological adjuvants was studied in guinea pigs and cattle. The inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus alone was demonstrated to be a weak immunogen. Addition of either 2 mg per mL diethylaminoethyl-dextran or 5% alhydrogel to inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus did not or only slightly stimulated the antibody response; the combined adjuvants induced a significantly higher titer. A higher concentration (20 mg per mL) of diethylaminoethyl-dextran, on the contrary, suppressed the immune potentiation by the dual adjuvants. Combination of Bordetella bronchiseptica and alhydrogel adjuvants stimulated a high titer of antibody. The titer was further elevated upon revaccination and was significantly higher than that induced by alhydrogel alone. In cattle, alhydrogel enhanced the immune response and the additional inclusion of diethylaminoethyl-dextran did not cause a significant potentiation of the immunity. However, the antibody decay rate was significantly slower when stimulated by the combined adjuvants.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

Development and characterization of a hybridoma-derived antibody (Aby 1A1) with specificity to canine thymocytes and peripheral T lymphocytes.

A hybridoma (1A1)-producing antibody with reactivity to canine T-lymphocyte surface antigens was produced, using standard fusion techniques. Antibody secreted from this hybridoma was tested for specific anti-canine lymphocyte activity, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, an indirect-fluorescent antibody assay, and cytotoxicity assay. Antibody 1A1 reacted with canine T lymphocytes, but not with B lymphocytes, and with brain tissue and connective tissue. The antibody was also characterized. Its heavy chain had a molecular weight (mol wt) of 80,000 and its light chain was 28,000 mol wt. The Aby 1A1 is a monoclonal immunoglobulin M with a kappa light chain, and it binds poorly to Staphylococcus A.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Development and characterization of a monoclonal antibody (Aby 6C6) that distinguishes medullary from cortical thymocytes.

A hybridoma (6C6) producing antibodies with specificities to canine thymocyte surface antigens was produced using standard fusion techniques. The Aby 6C6 has affinity for medullary thymocytes, bone marrow cells, T- and B-peripheral lymphocytes, and monocytes. The Aby 6C6 appears to have 2 heavy chains with different molecular weights, an isoelectric focusing pattern consistent with monoclonality, and is an immunoglobulin G2b antibody with a kappa light chain.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Application of indomethacin as a potentiator of lymphocyte blastogenesis in Brucella abortus exposed cattle.

Lymphocytes from Brucella abortus field strain infected, strain 19 vaccinated, non-exposed and field strain infected, but immunologically unresponsive cattle were incubated with B. abortus antigen and indomethacin. There were significant increases (P less than 0.005) in the blastogenic responses, as measured by [3H] thymidine uptake, in cultures with indomethacin as compared to cultures without indomethacin. Lymphocyte blastogenic responses to B. abortus antigen were potentiated by indomethacin in both B. abortus exposed and non-exposed cultures. However, potentiation of sensitized lymphocyte blastogenic responses by indomethacin was significantly greater (P less than 0.005) than that in non-exposed lymphocytes. Additionally, indomethacin significantly potentiated Brucella-induced lymphocyte blastogenic responses in lymphocytes from anergic cattle.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1983

Protection of calves against fatal enteric colibacillosis by orally administered Escherichia coli K99-specific monoclonal antibody.

A monoclonal antibody (MCA) to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K99 antigen agglutinated K99+ enterotoxigenic E. coli strains B44 (O9:K30;K99;F41:H-) and B41 (O101:K99;F41:H-) grown at 37 degrees C but not at 18 degrees C. The MCA, which was characterized as immunoglobulin G1, reacted specifically with K99 antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and precipitated radiolabeled K99 antigen. A total of 45 colostrum-fed and colostrum-deprived calves were used in three separate trials to determine whether the orally administered K99-specific MCA would prevent diarrhea caused by strain B44. Twenty-eight calves were fed 1 ml of mouse ascitic fluid containing K99-specific MCA at 10 h of age and were orally challenged with strain B44 at 12 to 14 h of age. Control calves either received no placebo or were fed 1 ml of mouse ascitic fluid containing fibronectin-specific MCA at 10 h of age. There was no difference in the incidence of diarrhea between the two groups after challenge. However, the severity of diarrhea, as evaluated by the proportion of calves in each group that developed severe dehydration, the degree of clinical dehydration, the degree of clinical depression, the degree of weight loss, and the duration of diarrhea after challenge was significantly reduced in calves that received the K99-specific MCA. The mortality rate was also significantly lower (P less than 0.001) in the treated (29%) than in the control (82%) group. These results suggest that orally administered K99-specific MCA can prevent severe fatal enteric colibacillosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Immunoprophylaxis of an ocular solid malignant tumor in cattle.

Individual Hereford cows bearing benign precursor lesions of ocular squamous cell carcinoma were treated by intralesional injection of mycobacterial cell walls in an oil-in-water emulsion in an attempt to interrupt neoplastic progression. Thirty-one months after treatment, statistical analysis of data indicated that intralesional BCG cell wall vaccine can interrupt this process and provides effective immunoprophylactic prevention of malignant disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Tumor associated antigens of bovine cancer eye.

A study was conducted to determine the presence of surface antigens on cultured cells of bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma (BOSCC) by serological testing. Serum from cattle with plaque and malignant stages of disease were tested for reactivity with surface antigens of cultured autologous and allogeneic cells. Indirect immune fluorescence assays were conducted to determine the presence of antibodies towards these tumor cells. It was found that sera tested possessed antibodies to the cultured tumor cells. Further, no surface reactivity was observed when these sera were tested for reactivity with normal epithelial cells. Reactive sera were analyzed by absorption tests with autologous and allogeneic cells. Absorbed sera showed no reactivity to surface antigens or allogeneic cells. This study suggests that there might be a shared antigen among the cells from plaque and malignant lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Levamisole potentiation of antigen specific lymphocyte blastogenic response in Brucella abortus exposed but nonresponsive cattle.

Incubation of Brucella abortus (field strain) infected and strain 19 vaccinated bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes with B. abortus antigen and levamisole caused a consistently significant increase in [3H] thymidine uptake when compared to cultures without levamisole. Levamisole did not potentiate B. abortus-induced blastogenic response of lymphocytes from non-exposed cattle. A dose response study showed that 10 micrograms/culture induced maximum potentiation of B. abortus-induced lymphocyte stimulation. Using the 10 micrograms/well concentration of levamisole, further studies were conducted to determine the net potentiation of the blastogenic responses in lymphocytes from B. abortus (field strain) infected cattle. B. abortus strain 19 vaccinated but nonresponsive and non-exposed cattle. Levamisole significantly potentiated the B. abortus-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis in lymphocytes from unresponsive cattle.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Development of a migration inhibitory factor assay under agarose of bovine mononuclear leukocytes, using an antigen of Brucella abortus.

A study was conducted to develop a migration inhibitory factor assay under agarose of bovine mononuclear leukocytes, with an antigen of Brucella abortus. Different concentrations of mononuclear leukocytes were prepared by the Ficoll-Hypaque technique from the blood of nonvaccinated calves and from calves previously vaccinated with strain 19. Concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 x 10(6) leukocytes were suspended in RPMI-1640 medium and various dilutions (20, 10, 1, and 0.1 microgram) of B abortus-soluble antigen, dispensed in triplicate wells cut in 1% agarose containing minimal essential medium and 10% bovine fetal serum. These agarose plates were incubated for 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-, 20-, and 24-hour periods and then were fixed; leukocytes were stained with Wright's stain. Migration distances were measured, and statistical analyses of the data revealed a concentration of 2 x 10(6) cells/well and an antigen concentration of 10 microgram/well. An incubation period of 20 hours was optimal for the assay.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Involvement of calcium in mitogenic and immunoglobulin responses in bovine lymphocytes.

Removal of calcium from cultures of bovine splenic lymphoid cells with ethyleneglycol-bis-(2-amino ethylether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) caused significant suppression of pokeweed mitogen-induced immunoglobulin (Ig) biosynthesis. It was found that removal of calcium for 48 hours of a 5-day culture significantly altered Ig biosynthesis. Re-addition of calcium after 48 hours did not restore Ig synthesis. The EGTA caused significant (P < 0.05) suppression of DNA synthesis when calcium was removed from concanavalin A- and purified protein derivative-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures. Further, removal of calcium for 48 hours of 4-day cultures significantly altered the DNA synthesis in mitogen- and antigen-stimulated cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Evidence of cytocidal effects of Pasteurella haemolytica on bovine peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes.

Pasteurella haemolytica had a pronounced cytocidal effect on bovine mononuclear leukocytes. Mononuclear leukocytes separated from venous blood on Ficoll-diatrizoate and incubated with either P haemolytica or Escherichia coli showed a significantly greater percentage cell death than did cells incubated with Staphylococcus epidermidis or controls. Neither heat-killed nor x-irradiated P haemolytica caused a significant percentage cell death. The cytotoxic potential of P haemolytica was dose related in that cell death among mononuclear leukocytes increased as the ratio of bacteria-to-cells increased. Enriched monocyte cultures showed a higher and less variable rate of cell death than either enriched lymphocyte or mixed leukocyte cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Observations on diagnostic tests for paratuberculosis in a deer herd.

Paratuberculosis was diagnosed in a herd of 62 fallow deer (Dama dama) and 38 sika deer (Cervus nipon) maintained in an animal park in Ohio. A comparison was made of delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, results of in vitro lymphocyte immunostimulation tests, and isolation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis on fecal culture in 19 deer.

Animals↗