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Biomedical subjects

C C Pegels

Publications and source records attributed to C C Pegels.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

HMO enrollment projection process and a proposed linear model.

Estimation of enrollment penetration of target employee' groups, as a percent of total employees, is a critical task in the planning and development process of HMOs. A heuristic process to estimate penetration rates of employee groups is described. Next, a multivariate linear statistical model is proposed and the parameters of the proposed model are estimated on the basis of a data base comprising 83 employee groups for which penetration rates have been estimated using the heuristic process. The linear multivariate model is found to be statistically significant for both the singles and family (marrieds) penetration rates. The proposed model simplifies the method for estimating penetration but has not been tested against actual data.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1982

Health care expenditures for the elderly. Who pays for them?

The degree to which Medicare and Medicaid programs provide health coverage for the elderly still leaves a large financial burden on this population. Although the sale of supplementary health insurance to the elderly has been fraught with abuse, a policy purchased from a reputable organization can be advantageous. Knowledge of the large amount spent on personal health care will hopefully stimulate the search for alternative, less expensive ways to provide health care.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Institutional vs. noninstitutional care for the elderly.

The question of institutionalization vs. home care of the aged in need of medical care has been debated extensively. The arguments for deinstitutionalization have stressed the issue of cost. Home care is felt to be more cost efficient than institutional care. In this paper, both sides of the issue are investigated in detail by drawing on published conference proceedings and empirical studies reported in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Relationships among HMO hospital utilization, physician visits, and years operational.

Statistical tests are performed on the membership of HMOs for which data are available (N = 124) to determine if (1) hospital utilization by HMO members is correlated with physician visits, (2) hospital utilization is correlated with the number of years a HMO is operational, and (3) physician visits is correlated with the number of years a HMO is operational. Statistical tests indicate that there is no correlation among the three pairs of variables.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1977

An analysis of selected blood service policy changes.

Prinicipal national goals for a blood service system are concerned with shortage, quality, acessibility, and efficiency. Since regional blood service operating objectives based on these goals are in partial conflict, a single policy does not exist. Using a computer-based planning system, four policies are examined and tested for their effects on these objectives. [corrected] The policies are: use of frozen red cells ( a technological alternative); extension of the useful life of fresh blood (a legal alternative); improved collection planning (a planning alternative), and improved inventory management (a management alternative). Model projections of the effects of each policy and comparative performance of each policy with respect to the principal objectives are discussed.

Blood Banks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A computer-based interactive planning system for scheduling blood collections.

Seasonal imbalances between supply and demand for blood products are common. This paper describes a planning system which utilizes conversational computer facilities to assist the manager of a regional or communitywide blood agency in scheduling bloodmobiles and fixed facility collections from one to 18 months in advance. The benefits from changes to only one day of a collection schedule recover the annual costs of using the system, estimated at at $600 for a blood service which collects 65,000 units annually.

Blood Banks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cost effectiveness of use of frozen blood to alleviate blood shortages.

Human blood shortages are a perennial problem because of the relatively short life span (21 days) of stored blood and the traditional shortage periods during summer vacation months and other vacation periods. This study evaluates the use of frozen blood during these traditional shortage periods. An empirically-based simulation model is used. During periods of excess supply surplus blood is frozen and during shortage periods frozen blood is thawed and used as a substitute for stored blood. The results of the study indicate that the use of frozen blood during shortage periods alleviates shortages but at a high cost. Improved blood collection scheduling management and promotion will attain the same results at a lower cost.

Blood Banks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Statistical effects of varying blood life span from 14 to 28 days.

Human blood can be stored in the liquid state for only 21 days. Although the 21-day limit appears to have been somewhat arbitrarily set, there is general agreement that quality of blood, especially the red blood cells' oxygen carrying ability and viability declines with age. Lengthening the shelf life could help in reducing outdating and shortages. Shortening the shelf life, on the other hand, would make it even more difficult to supply blood needs. This paper studies the effect of varying the blood's life span from 14 to 28 days using a simulation model and collections and utilization data from an actual blood region.

Blood Physiological Phenomena↗