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Biomedical subjects

C C Wyatt

Publications and source records attributed to C C Wyatt.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A computer-assisted measurement technique to assess bone proximal to oral implants on intraoral radiographs.

A computer-assisted measurement technique for measuring bone levels proximal (mesial and distal) to oral implants imaged on standardized intraoral radiographs offers promise for accuracy and reliability. There were no differences between bone measurements made directly from bone proximal to implants placed in a dry mandible and those resulting from the computer-assisted measurement technique. In addition, there were no differences between measurements made of bone proximal to oral implants in vivo using the microscope and the computer techniques. The computer technique had a low intra- and inter-operator variability, and operators found fewer "unreadable" sites compared to the microscope technique. The computer-assisted measurement of bone levels proximal to oral implants on standardized intraoral radiographs offers accuracy and reliability.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

An index of clinical oral disorder in elders (CODE).

Attempts to construct an index of oral health or disorder suitable for older adults have been limited in clinical scope or based on the judgement of very few individuals. Consequently, we present here a multidimensional index of Clinical Oral Disorder in Elders (CODE) based on a breadth of clinical measures relevant to elders. The data for the index are derived from a clinical examination of jaw function, dentures, mucosa, teeth, and periodontium. Weighting or ranking for each disorder within the context of an elderly person was established as mild, moderate or severe by experienced dental clinicians and dental hygienists. Subsequently, the index was constructed by transforming the weights into a numerical value for each clinical measure. Individual scores can relate to the heaviest weight identified during the examination or to the sum of the weights assigned throughout the examination, and the average score during a series of examinations will reflect the clinical status of a particular population. Clinical applications in elderly residential-care populations indicate that the index can be constructed efficiently and with reasonable reliability. We suggest, therefore, that the CODE index is suitable for descriptive and comparative research by providing a clinical format for measuring oral disorder in disabled elders, and, when combined with a psychosocial index, it should be very comprehensive indicator of oral dysfunction in older adults.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

The effect of prosthodontic treatment on alveolar bone loss: a review of the literature.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Complete, fixed partial, removable partial, and implant-supported dentures have been used to comfortably and esthetically replace missing teeth. However, it is not certain what effect these prostheses have on the residual ridge. PURPOSE: This article compares various prosthetic treatments to restore completely and partially edentulous mouths for their ability to preserve residual alveolar bone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A review of the literature was performed to discuss the effects of tooth replacement on residual alveolar bone. RESULTS: The literature seems to indicate that the presence of a dental prosthesis affects the size and form of the residual alveolar ridge and bone. CONCLUSION: An implant-supported fixed prosthesis to restore missing teeth in partially or completely edentulous jaws seems to be the best means of preserving residual alveolar bone.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1990

Longitudinal study of caries and cariogenic bacteria in an elderly disabled population.

A 2-yr longitudinal study was conducted among elderly disabled residents of a longterm care facility. Each of the 50 subjects examined at the beginning of the study had a mean of 14 teeth, with a mean of 6 carious and 6 restored teeth, per person. Most of the subjects had very poor oral hygiene, and 26 of them had dental plaque that produced cultures of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in excess of 10(5) CFU/ml. At the end of the first year, 40 subjects were examined again and, apart from a decrease in the mean number of carious root lesions per person, there was very little change in their dental or microbial status. Although only 18 subjects were available at the end of the second year, they presented with fewer carious lesions after 2 yr. The reduction in caries appeared to result from the remineralization of tooth structure, but new lesions did appear in 33% of the 1-yr group, and in 78% of the 2-yr group. This dynamic environment around the teeth produced a mean net incidence of one lesion in the first year, and three lesions over 2 yr. There was a significant (P less than 0.05) association between large (greater than 10(5) CFU/ml) numbers of mutans streptococci and the development of new lesions, but there was no association between the dental status of the subjects and the dental treatment they received. Overall, the results indicate that caries is not rampant in this population.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of physical characteristics of six hard denture reline materials.

Six rigid autopolymerizing acrylic resins were examined to determine and compare the cost per reline, the curing temperatures, the setting times, and the porosity of each material. The cost per reline ranged from $0.63 to $1.55. Three product groups had significantly different mean setting times, and two groups had significantly different mean setting temperatures. SEM cross-sections of each product revealed an apparently porous-free solid mass of acrylic resin, which in two products was overlayed by a thin porous surface layer. The physical characteristics of any one product did not indicate clinical superiority.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental caries in chronically disabled elders.

Dental caries is the major cause of tooth loss in elderly individuals with physical and mental disabilities. The diagnosis of caries in elderly individuals is difficult due to a complicated oral environment compounded by the prevalence of physical and mental barriers to care. The restoration of tooth structure and the replacement of teeth lost due to caries result in considerable economic and biological cost to both individuals and society. Decisions to remineralize, restore, or extract teeth depend largely upon the extent of the structural damage caused by the infection. Teeth with small lesions can be remineralized with fluorides, whereas teeth with large lesions may be restored or extracted. Caries risk assessment based on the history of previous infection, salivary parameters, and ingestion of sugar can be used as a basis for placing a patient on a caries-preventive regimen. This paper discusses the pathophysiology of caries to explain the appropriate diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of dental caries in elderly individuals with chronic disabilities.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Xero and film mammography: two images with one exposure.

A historical overview of the development of mammography is given. Some of the imaging problems inherent in breast radiography are discussed. In addition, a description of the investigation to test the feasibility of producing a radiographic image simultaneously with a xerographic image in mammography is presented.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment outcomes of patients with implant-supported fixed partial prostheses.

Implant and prosthesis success for 77 partially edentulous patients, provided with 97 fixed prostheses, supported by 230 Brånemark implants, in place for up to 12 years (mean 5.41 years), were documented in this study. Implant losses per location mirrored their placement, with no difference between zones I and II or between the maxilla and mandible. The implant success rate was 94%, and continuous prosthesis stability was 97%. These results indicate that the Brånemark implant-supported fixed partial prosthesis is a highly efficacious treatment.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Imaging techniques and image interpretation for dental implant treatment.

PURPOSE: This article reviews the literature on radiographic imaging techniques and image interpretation for dental implant treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MEDLINE was used to identify published peer-reviewed literature for this report. RESULTS: Radiographic images are indispensable in the evaluation of osseous structures when planning treatment for dental implants. Potential bone sites for implant placement can be assessed clinically by means of palpation or probing through the mucosa; however, diagnostic imaging provides the best means for indirectly measuring bone dimensions. After healing of the implant site, the application of radiology is useful to verify the amount of bone adjacent to the implant and that the transmucosal abutments fit the implant. Upon completion of the implant prosthesis, radiology may be used to monitor initial and long-term success of implant treatment. CONCLUSION: Recommendations for the application of radiology over the course of treatment are made for various implant cases ranging from the overdenture to the single-tooth implant.

Alveolar Process↗