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Biomedical subjects

C Campos

Publications and source records attributed to C Campos.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Prognostic value of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in refractory hypertension: a prospective study.

The objective of this study was to establish whether ambulatory blood pressure offers a better estimate of cardiovascular risk than does its clinical blood pressure counterpart in refractory hypertension. This prospective study assessed the incidence of cardiovascular events over time during an average follow-up of 49 months (range, 6 to 96). Patients were referred to specialized hypertension clinics (86 essential hypertension patients who had diastolic blood pressure > 100 mm Hg during antihypertensive treatment that included three or more antihypertensive drugs, one being a diuretic). Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed at the time of entrance. End-organ damage was monitored yearly, and the incidence of cardiovascular events was recorded. Patients were divided into tertiles of average diastolic blood pressure during activity according to the ABPM, with the lowest tertile <88 mm Hg (LT, n=29), the middle tertile 88 to 97 mm Hg (MT, n=29), and the highest tertile >97 mm Hg (HT, n=28). While significant differences in systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood pressures were observed among groups, no differences were observed at either the beginning or at the time of the last evaluation for office blood pressure. During the last evaluation, a progression in the end-organ damage score was observed for the HT group but not for the two other groups. Twenty-one of the patients had a new cardiovascular event; the incidence of events was significantly lower for the LT group (2.2 per 100 patient-years) than it was for the MT group (9.5 per 100 patient-years) or for the HT group (13.6 per 100 patient-years). The probability of event-free survival was also significantly different when comparing the LT group with the other two groups (LT versus MT log-rank, P<.04; LT versus HT log-rank, P<.006). The HT group was an independent risk factor for the incidence of cardiovascular events (relative risk, 6.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.38 to 28.1, P<.02). Higher values of ambulatory blood pressure result in a worse prognosis in patients with refractory hypertension, supporting the recommendation that ABPM is useful in stratifying the cardiovascular risk in patients with refractory hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Absence or presence of a leak around tracheal tube may not affect postoperative croup in children.

To prevent postoperative croup in children, many anaesthesiologists use a tracheal tube that allows a leak when tested with 20 to 25 cm of water pressure. We studied the correlation of postoperative croup with leak, duration of anaesthesia, and a recent cold in 159 healthy outpatient children who had strabismus correction by the same surgeon and the same anaesthesiologist. We found no correlation between the presence or absence of a leak and the incidence or severity of postoperative croup. There was a strong trend toward significance when postoperative croup and duration of anaesthesia were compared (P = 0.056) and a significant, positive correlation between severe croup (requiring racemic epinephrine) and duration of anaesthesia (P = 0.005). Patients having a recent cold did not have an increased incidence of postoperative croup. A leak around the tracheal tube at 20 to 25 cm of water pressure may not be required for a healthy child who undergoes surgery lasting less than 2 h if the child has no history of croup.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Dengue in Panama, 1993].

Up to 1993, Panama was the only country in Central America where the autochthonous transmission of dengue virus had been detected without experimenting an explosive epidemic despite being reinfected with the Aedes aegypti mosquito since 1985. The characteristics of this first outbreak reported on November 19, 1993, are described in this paper. It is shown that even when there is a Program for the Surveillance and Control of Dengue, which considers low levels of Aedes aegypti infection and a system for the early detection of the virus, the epidemics appear if the community does not take an active part as it happened in 1994, 1995, and 1996. The 14 cases reported were located in an area under the responsibility of the Health Center in San Isidro, Belisario Porras, Special District of San Miguelito, in Panama City (13 cases in 4 blocks of the sector of Santa Librada and 1 case in San Isidro Valley). 3 patients were under 15 and 8 over 36, the other 3 were between 15 and 24.9 were females. The dengue type 2 virus was isolated in 3 patients. The presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to dengue was demonstrated in 11 patients, whereas in 8 over 20 it was observed a secondary type answer. According to the clinical picture, the epidemic was classified as dengue fever. The seroepidemiological survey carried out in the sector of Santa Librada and its surroundings 5 months after the appearance of the symptoms in the first case showed a prevalence of antibodies to dengue of 5.7% (46/802), mainly among individuals over 44. These results confirmed that the outbreak was geographically limited.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Cell cycle phase duration in bone marrow cells from malnourished rats during suckling.

The generation time and duration of the different phases of the cell cycle were estimated in cultured bone marrow cells from malnourished and well-nourished rats during the lactation period by the percentage labeled mitosis (PLM) technique after a short pulse treatment with tritiated thymidine. The PLM were obtained in sequential analysis after every 3 h from removing labeled thymidine to 27 h of incubation. Results have shown a longer cell cycle time in cells from malnourished rats. The G1 + 1/2M phases are sensitive to experimental severe protein malnutrition (PCM), while S and G2 + 1/2 M phases did not show any differences in duration between malnourished and well-nourished rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Clinical acceptability of ACE inhibitor therapy in mild to moderate hypertension, a comparison between perindopril and enalapril.

The aim of this 3-month double-blind study was to assess the antihypertensive effect and acceptability of perindopril in comparison with enalapril in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. After a 4-week placebo run-in period, 161 patients with supine diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between 95 and 115 mmHg were randomized to receive perindopril 4 mg or enalapril 10 mg once daily. If supine DBP was higher than 90 mmHg, treatment was adjusted monthly, first by doubling the dose and then by addition of hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg. After 3 months of active treatment the decrease in supine and standing blood pressures was statistically significant within both groups but was not statistically different between groups. The percentage of patients (65%) who achieved supine DBP of < or = 90 mmHg in the perindopril group was not significantly different from the enalapril group (73%). Monotherapy resulted in control of supine DBP in 56% of the perindopril group and 58% of the enalapril group; the addition of hydrochlorothiazide resulted in control of supine DBP in 6% and 15% respectively. The number of withdrawals for adverse events was statistically significant between groups (0 in the perindopril group and 7 in the enalapril group, p = 0.01). During active treatment the most frequently reported complaints were headaches and cough; there was not statistically difference between groups. Changes in laboratory parameters were minor and not significantly different between the two groups except for serum glucose, potassium, and triglyceride levels. In conclusion, there was no significance between perindopril and enalapril in terms of efficacy. Clinical acceptability seems to be better in the perindopril group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Effect of renutrition on the proliferation kinetics of PHA stimulated lymphocytes from malnourished children.

The fraction of lymphocytes that responded to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation and initiated cellular proliferation (stimulation index or SI) was determined in groups of healthy and severely malnourished children. SI was determined again in the latter group after a period of nutritional recovery. The proportion of interphasic cells showing PHA response was assessed adding bromodeoxyuridine to the culture, so proliferative nuclei appear big and stain light blue, with dispersed granular chromatin and apparent nucleoli, while non-proliferative nuclei look small, stain red, and have compact and homogeneous chromatin. In mitotic nuclei, differential staining of sister chromatids made it possible to distinguish cells that had gone through one, two and three or more proliferation cycles. Based on the data obtained from interphase nuclei and mitosis, the SI was estimated at 48 and 72 h of culture. SI were higher in lymphocytes from healthy children than in those from children with severe malnutrition, even after the period of nutritional recovery. However, the SI was significantly higher in lymphocytes from malnourished children after nutritional recovery. Although in these children more cells are stimulated, there seems to be still damage that causes a cycling delay.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1994

Expression of some hepatocyte-like functional properties of WRL-68 cells in culture.

Some morphologic and functional characteristics of an hepatic fetal human epithelial cell line (WRL-68 cells) were determined to validate the use of these cells as an in vitro hepatic model. WRL-68 cells have a morphologic structure similar to hepatocytes and hepatic primary cultures. They secrete alpha-feto protein and albumin and exhibit a cytokeratin pattern similar to other hepatic cultures. WRL-68 cells preserve the activity of some characteristic or specific liver enzymes or both used in clinical chemistry for the diagnosis of hepatic disorders, i.e. alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and alkaline phosphatase.

Albumins↗
PubMed1994

Sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) and cell proliferation in lymphocytes from infected and non-infected children with severe protein calorie malnutrition (PCM).

The frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) and the rate of cell proliferation were evaluated through differential staining of sister chromatids in mitogen-stimulated cultured lymphocytes sampled from five well-nourished children, from seven severely malnourished children infected with bacterium, and from 10 severely malnourished children following treatment for infection with antimicrobial drugs 2 weeks before blood sampling. The replication indices at 48 h of culture were higher in both groups of malnourished children than in the well-nourished children, indicating either a faster response to PHA and/or a shorter cell cycle in lymphocytes of these patients. The average frequency of SCE per mitosis was also significantly higher than in the control group. The mitotic index was similar in the three groups of children. The lack of significant difference in response between the two groups of malnourished children suggests that the effects observed at the cytogenetic level are caused by severe malnutrition per se, and not by any associated infection.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1993

[Clinico-epidemiological study of botulism poisoning in La Rioja (1979-1990)].

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate botulinic poisoning requiring hospital admission in La Rioja (Spain) during one decade from a clinical-epidemiologic point of view. METHODS: Chart records from patients admitted to the departments of Internal Medicine, Neurology, the ICU, and the Neurophysiology and Preventive Medicine files of the reference hospital between 1979 and 1990 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Fifteen cases were identified. Home preserves of vegetables were most frequently the foods responsible for the poisoning. The presentation as a sole case constituted half of this series. The most frequent symptomatology was neuro-ophthalmologic and digestive. All the cases were type B. Neurophysiologic studies were compatible with the diagnosis in all the cases in which they were performed. Two cases (13.3%) required intensive care and death occurred in one (6.6%). CONCLUSIONS: a) The habit of home preserves was responsible for the presentation of botulism in this environment. b) Early diagnosis was based on complementary clinical tests together with the neurophysiologic study. c) The mild forms were most frequent. Death in this series was 6.6%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Composite tumor of the main bile duct producing several regulatory peptides.

Herein we describe what is, to our knowledge, the first reported case of a composite tumor of the main bile duct with epiploon metastases. Glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in these metastases, but not serotonin, gastrin, or insulin-immunoreactive cells. The clinical significance of the neuroendocrine cells in the present case is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Unilateral asterixis associated with anatomic cerebral lesions].

Three patients with unilateral asterixis associated with different vascular lesions of thalamus, basal ganglia and internal and external capsules of contralateral hemisphere are described. Unilateral asterixis is a highly indicative sign of focal cerebral lesion. Its pathophysiology is still unknown. It has been postulated that asterixis is a myoclonic phenomenon resulting from malfunction within neuronal circuits of central nervous system responsible for the active maintenance of posture.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Acute secondary effects in the esophagus in patients undergoing radiotherapy for carcinoma of the lung.

The incidence and nature of acute secondary irradiation esophagitis was studied in a series of 38 patients undergoing 60Co teletherapy for carcinoma of the lung. Thirty-four patients were male and four female, with ages ranging from 38 to 78 years. The mediastinum being irradiated in the process, all the patients underwent endoscopy for signs of esophagitis and/or gastritis after a dose of 30-40 Gy was delivered to the esophagus. Eighteen patients complained of dysphagia, but only in 12 of them did endoscopy show esophagitis. Of the remaining patients without complaints five had endoscopic signs of esophagitis. Gastritis was found in 18 cases and confirmed histologically in 14. In 17 cases, esophagitis and/or gastritis were confirmed histologically. It is believed that there is a fairly close correlation among clinical, endoscopic, and histological findings to support the claim that esophagitis in these patients is radiation induced. However, the cause of gastritis is not well understood. Data in the literature suggest that nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agents can act as prophylactic means of preventing radiation esophagitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Current situation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito in the metropolitan area of Panama city].

Ae. aegypti was reintroduced into Panama in 1985; control was unsuccessful and by 1988 Ae. aegypti larvae were detected in every borough of Panama Metropolitan Area. Only 3% of the Panama City population has dengue antibody (against DEN 2) and virtually no one is immune to other serotypes. The relative risk of the introduction of Dengue virus into Panama is discussed.

Aedes↗
PubMed1987

[Ultrastructural study of conjunctival biopsies in metabolic diseases of the nervous system].

Forty conjunctival biopsies from children suffering from metabolic diseases of the CNS were studied ultrastructurally. In 20 cases they were abnormal (8 mucopolysaccharidosis, 6 GM1 gangliosidosis, 4 infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, 1 GM2 gangliosidosis, 1 late infantile ceroid lipofuscinosis). In the 20 remaining cases the biopsies did not show abnormalities. From these, 2 were proven as Leigh disease and Hallervorden-Spatz disease in which there is no conjunctival ultrastructural alterations; in 2 cases (one metachromatic leukodystrophy and one adrenoleukodystrophy) the results were false negative); in 4 clinically suspected cases of late infantile ceroid lipofuscinosis no alterations were observed and the results were not conclusive. In the remaining 12 cases the negatives allowed to rule out lysosomal disorders. The ultrastructural study of the conjunctival biopsy is an important tool for the diagnosis of neurological metabolic diseases of children mainly when sophisticated biochemical procedures are not available.

Biopsy↗