Biomedical subjects

C Cavanaugh

Publications and source records attributed to C Cavanaugh.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

Mechanisms of H2O2-mediated injury to type II cell surfactant metabolism and protection with PEG-catalase.

Alterations in type II pneumocyte function, including surfactant biosynthesis, may play a significant role in the development and pathophysiology of oxidant-induced lung injury. The results of this study showed that type II cells exposed to 50-300 microM H2O2 demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis with only minimal changes in cell viability. The activities of the choline-phosphate cytidyltransferase and cholinephosphotransferase, specific enzymes of PC synthesis, were not significantly decreased by the exposure. However, the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, a sulfhydryl-dependent enzyme involved in an early stage of phospholipid synthesis, was decreased by the exposures in a manner that was similar to that seen for PC synthesis. Further studies showed that incubation of type II cells with polyethylene glycol-conjugated catalase for 1 h resulted in an increase in the cell-associated catalase activity (53 +/- 5 vs. 6.7 +/- 1.5 units/mg protein for controls). Confocal microscopy analysis showed that a significant portion of this activity was located intracellularly. More importantly, these cells were protected from changes in PC synthesis rates when subsequently incubated with 300 microM H2O2. These results indicate that the deleterious effects of H2O2 on type II cell surfactant synthesis may be pharmacologically modified in vitro, a concept that may have utility with regard to the modulation of in vivo lung injuries.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Dental esthetic satisfaction in adults.

This study determined the influence of teeth, mouth, and face on self-image and personal esthetic satisfaction in adults. A random sample of 125 patients completed a five-item questionnaire about personal esthetic satisfaction and oral self-image. As a group, general dental variables were stronger predictors of esthetic satisfaction than orthodontic variables (P less than .01). Discrepancies between clinical findings and patterns of self-perception and satisfaction suggest the dentist and patient should plan together for esthetic dental treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Microvascular function in skin windows.

The dermal microvasculature is an integral component of skin windows. However, in spite of the obvious dependence of the skin window model on vascular function, its almost exclusive application has been the study of leukocyte function and recovery of the cellular components of inflammatory exudates. In the studies reported here, skin window chambers were employed for assessment of function of the underlying microvasculature in rats given intravenous infusions of Evans blue dye or colloidal carbon. Increased vascular permeability was documented by photometric measurement of Evans blue dye, and vascular labeling of dermal vessels with colloidal carbon was assessed histologically. Zymosan-activated serum elicited accumulation of both leukocytes and Evans blue dye in chamber fluid overlying skin windows, confirming the responsiveness of the preparations. With serotonin as a model vasoactive substance, both increased vascular permeability and vascular labeling were directly related to serotonin concentration in the chamber fluid. It is estimated that plasma exudates were distributed as approximately 10% in the fluid and 90% in the dermis. Finally, serotonin-induced exudates recovered from the 0.3-ml chambers were estimated to be up to 3 microliter of plasma based on Evans blue dye measurement or up to 70 micrograms of protein based on Lowry assay. Thus, soluble components of skin window exudates were recovered for examination, and the dermal microvasculature was shown to be an important functional component of the skin window model that was directly accessible for study.

Animals↗