PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Christophe

Publications and source records attributed to C Christophe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Mapping of normal brain maturation in infants on phase-sensitive inversion--recovery MR images.

It is illustrated that phase-sensitive inversion-recovery MR images are particularly well suited for the monitoring of brain maturation and myelination in the neonate and young infant. Provided appropriate timings are applied with the inversion-recovery MR pulse sequence, the myelinated areas show up as bright spots in the phase-sensitive images. The chronology of the appearance, and the location of these hyperintense zones correlate well with the chronology of brain maturation, as assessed by other means. In particular, the progressive functional capabilities of the infant correlate well with the progress of myelination, as exhibited by the MR images.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

[Contribution of MRI in 5 cases of central diabetes insipidus].

Five cases of central diabetes insipidus demonstrate the potential of MRI to explore the hypothalamohypophysial axis. The diversity of the detected pathologies are illustrated: abnormal signal of the posterior pituitary in an idiopathic diabetes insipidus, lobar prosencephaly, malignant teratoma (embryonal carcinoma), histiocytosis X, craniopharyngioma.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging of spinal tumors.

Forty-eight Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR examinations of the spine were performed in 40 patients referred for MR because of clinically suspected spinal tumor or for further evaluation of an expanded cord. The study group consisted of 32 patients with spinal tumors (seven ependymomas; seven astrocytomas; four hemangioblastomas; two arteriovenous malformations; two unidentified intramedullary neoplasms; four meningiomas; and single cases of metastatic breast carcinoma, cavernous hemangioma with associated hematomyelia, neurinoma, angiolipoma, drop metastasis from medulloblastoma, and epidermoid with diastematomyelia). In the remaining eight patients, other diagnoses were established: thoracic disk herniation (two patients), lumbosacral meningocele (one), syringomyelia secondary to arachnoiditis (four), and expanded cord secondary to gliotic tissue (one). All but two diagnoses were proved histologically by biopsy, surgery, or autopsy; in the two patients with arteriovenous malformations, the definitive diagnosis was made by spinal angiography. Contrast enhancement occurred in 30 of the 32 spinal tumors, and Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted images proved helpful in defining and outlining intra- and extramedullary spinal neoplasms. All ependymomas and astrocytomas (including low-grade astrocytomas) enhanced. In meningiomas, an immediate and uniform contrast uptake was demonstrated. Additional advantages of Gd-DTPA MR include the differentiation of solid tumor components vs syrinx or cyst or pseudotumoral areas of cord expansion, and the differentiation of residual or recurrent tumor from scar tissue in postoperative patients. Our results suggest that IV-injected Gd-DTPA improves MR sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of spinal lesions.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1989

[Nanism with short limbs, dysmorphism, renal dysplasia, growth hormone deficiency with pituitary hypoplasia and psychomotor delay: a new syndrome?].

The authors present the case of a male infant affected with short limbed dwarfism already detected in utero by ultrasound. In addition, facial dysmorphism, bilateral hypoplasia and dysplasia of the kidneys with altered renal function, hypotonia and non-evolutive developmental delay are noted. Endocrine tests show a severe and isolated growth hormone deficiency. Metabolic investigations are negative, including peroxisomal functions. Prometaphase chromosomes are normal. Bone x-rays reveal generalized osteoporosis with absence of post-natal osseous maturation and the presence of wormian bones. Major pituitary hypoplasia is demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance. The present observation is compared to the case reported by Stratton & Parker (Am. J. Med. Genet., 1989, 32, 169-173). Available data do not allow either to affirm or to exclude the identity of the syndromes presented by these 2 isolated cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

Comprehensive and interpretative radiology of middle ear malformations.

Radiological aspects of middle ear malformations based on the study of 31 observations should be correlated with the modalities of normal and abnormal morphogenesis. This is particularly the case for malformations of the ossicles, which can be classified according their precise branchial origin. Facial nerve malformations, dysgenesis of the footplate and atresia of the external auditory meatus is discussed in relation to normal events of middle ear morphogenesis. Standard histochemical procedures and study of radioactive sulphur uptake in the mouse embryo permit to characterize some factors of middle ear ossicles formation. Study of correlations between radiological features and experimental results reveal that the important factors are: the chronology of morphogenesis; the organization of branchial structures; the patterns of neural crest cells migration; the influence of environmental factors. Furthermore, teratologic features obtained in animals models can be correlated with human syndromes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance of a neonatal ganglioglioma of the brain.

Ganglioglioma is an uncommon nerves-cell tumour (0.4% of all brain tumours). In 800 brain tumours in children, Garrido et al. (Toronto) found 14 gangliogliomas (1.7%). To our knowledge, ganglioglioma has not been reported in children under 2 1/2 years of age. We have incidentally discovered a ganglioglioma in a 3-day-old girl. Appearance on US, CT and MR are described and discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasound: a method for kidney size monitoring in children.

Normal kidneys were studied echographically in 170 children from 0-15 years of age. The length, thickness, width, volume and largest sagittal and transverse areas were measured and plotted against the children's height and body surface to establish standard growth curves. The usefulness of this non-invasive inter- and intra-individual estimation of renal size in following the progress of kidney alteration in children was illustrated in one case of malakoplakia and one case of parenchymal scars.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Roles of gastrin release and neural reflexes during the gastric phase of acid secretion in dogs.

The acid secretion from the main stomachs and from denervated Heidenhain pouches in response to peptone meals infused in the stomach was determined in 4 dogs. When expressed as percent of the maximal acid response to histamine, the acid secretion from the innervated and from the denervated fundic mucosa was similar, but the response from the Heidenhain pouch was larger when expressed as percent of the maximal response to pentagastrin. These studies indicate that, under the conditions used, short (gastrogastric) and long (vagovagal) reflexes during the gastric phase, are of minor importance in inducing the acid response to the meal.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Simultaneous determination of trace elements in serum by energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry.

Energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence is applied in the analysis of human serum to determine the concentrations of several elements simultaneously with minimal manipulation of the sample. The analytical procedure has been developed with standard sera, and standardization, detection limits, and reproducibility have been established. A 50-microL sample of diluted serum, to which an internal standard has been added, is deposited on a thin (4-microns thick) polypropylene film and analyzed by x-ray fluorescence. We report the statistical distributions of the concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn, and Br obtained in the population (103 samples) studied, and report detection limits for the other 22 elements studied. The simplicity of the method, the high throughput, and the possibility of automating the measurements make this procedure suitable for screening large numbers of sera.

Bromine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic imaging in non-accidental brain injuries].

Diagnosis of nonaccidental injury (child abuse) may be difficult because most infants present with non-specific clinical findings and without external signs of trauma. Brain lesions severely disproportionate to the history of trauma, retinal hemorrhages and characteristic fractures or fractures of varying age are key indicators to child abuse when encountered in an infant. It is therefore incumbent upon the radiologist to recognize the radiologic findings of the various forms of nonaccidental injury and to correlate them with the physical findings in order to render a more accurate opinion. Craniocerebral injuries are not uncommon in infants who are physically abused and have a worse long-term outcome than accidental injuries. The particularities of the infant's skull and its content and the pathophysiology of cerebral nonaccidental injuries are remembered. The imaging findings in infants with blunt impact, shaken- and whiplash shaken-injuries are emphasized. The combination of edema, malignant hyperaemic cerebral swelling, hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, diffuse axonal injuries, and bilateral and/or interhemispheric subdural hematomas is almost typical of a shaken infant. MRI, with its multiplanar capability and its sensitivity to cytotoxic edema and to degraded hemoglobin, is the modality of choice for detecting cerebral lesions in nonaccidental injury.

Battered Child Syndrome↗