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Biomedical subjects

C Claus

Publications and source records attributed to C Claus.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Acute hemoperitoneum caused by rupture of omentum adhesions after running.

The case of a 37-year-old man in whom a massive hemoperitoneum developed a few hours after running is described. The patient disclaimed any trauma and clearly noted that symptoms appeared after running. Findings at laparoscopy showed that the bleeding was caused by the rupture of adhesions between the omentum and left inguinal abdominal wall. These adhesions, which had resulted from a previous laparoscopic transperitoneal bilateral inguinal hernia cure, were resected. Recovery was simple and follow-up assessment was uneventful. Hemoperitoneum secondary to the rupture of intraperitoneal adhesions is very rare in the absence of precipitating trauma. However, the trauma can be trivial. Rupture of intra-abdominal adhesions has been described after sexual intercourse or mobilization of the patient under general anesthesia. Disruption of adhesions by insufflation or mobilization of organs under laparoscopy also is reported. The transperitoneal approach to laparoscopic treatment of inguinal hernia can be responsible for late intestinal obstruction caused by intra-abdominal adhesions, but late hemorrhagic complication has not yet been reported.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

The 9-O-acetylated disialosyl carbohydrate sequence of CDw60 is a marker on activated human B lymphocytes.

Gangliosides with a terminal 9-O-acetylated disialosyl group (CDw60 structures) show a restricted surface expression on human leukocytes. Hithereto, they have only been detected on subpopulations of human T lymphocytes. Using the defined CDw60 antibody UM4D4 and two new antibodies with preferential CDw60 activities, F6 and Z17, we demonstrate for the first time that CDw60 is an activation marker on human B lymphocytes. In vitro phorbol ester-stimulated human peripheral blood B lymphocytes as well as in vivo activated tonsillar B lymphocytes became CDw60 positive. CDw60 expression of these cells exceeds that of resting and activated T-lymphocytes.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1997

[Continent urinary diversion and calculus].

The continent urinary diversion is the technique usually used to replace the urinary bladder after total cystectomy The formation of calculi in the pouch is a frequent late complication. We have treated successfully with extra corporeal wave shock lithotripsy (ESWL) two patients who have developed calculi in their pouch two years after realisation of an ileal urinary diversion (Indiana pouch). E.S.W.L. is a good and non invasive technique to cure those calculi with no danger for the continence of the pouch.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

7-O-acetyl-GD3 in human T-lymphocytes is detected by a specific T-cell-activating monoclonal antibody.

The monoclonal antibody U5, which is a potent inducer of proliferation in human T-cells, was found to bind to an alkali-sensitive derivative of ganglioside GD3. Using immunochemical and spectroscopic methods, the structure of the U5 antigen was determined as 7-O-acetyl-GD3. The antibody U5 did not react with 9-O-acetyl-GD3 and bound severalfold more stronger to 7-O-acetyl-GD3 than to GD3. U5 is the first antibody known to detect preferentially 7-O-acetyl-GD3. Flow cytometric analysis showed that each major class of human leukocytes contained a significant fraction of cells binding the U5 antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Anti-GD3 antibodies are potent activators of human gamma/delta and alpha/beta positive T cells.

The ganglioside GD3 has a variety of biological functions. These include stimulatory effects on proliferation, natural killer activity and cytokine production by freshly isolated peripheral T cells. In this study we have characterized anti-GD3 antibody (MoAb Z21) mediated effects on T cell clones. Our data indicate that alpha/beta TCR CD4+ and CD8+ as well as gamma/delta TCR positive T cells can be stimulated resulting in proliferation and cytokine production. This effect could be blocked by cyclosporin A and did not involve the LFA-3 or CD4 molecule. Apart from IFN-gamma and IL-2 production by T helper 1 and T helper 0 cells we have observed production of IL-4 and IL-10 by T helper 2 cells indicating that the GD3 molecule is not a marker for a certain functional T cell subset. In contrast to anti-CD3 mediated activation, the responsiveness of T cells to stimulation via GD3 was dependent on the cell surface expression of the molecule and could be enhanced by costimulation via CD2, CD3, CD26 or CD28. In addition, anti-GD3 antibodies delivered a potent costimulatory signal for antigen-induced proliferation of CD4+ T lymphocytes. In summary, our experiments illuminate the mechanisms of anti-GD3 antibody induced T cell activation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Expression of properdin in human monocytes.

Properdin is the only known positive regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation. Northern blot analysis of cell lines derived from fibroblasts, B-cells, hepatoma cells, and cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage revealed properdin expression only in the myelomonocytic cell line HL-60, in the monoblastic cell line U-937 and in the monocytic line Mono Mac 6. Culture of Mono Mac 6 cells for 24 h with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, bacterial lipopolysaccharide and the cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha enhanced mRNA abundance, with the strongest effect (tenfold) being observed with the lipopolysaccharide. In contrast, recombinant interferon-gamma consistently halved properdin mRNA abundance. The same pattern was found for the secretion of properdin as detected by ELISA of Mono Mac 6 supernatants. The suppressive effect of interferon-gamma on properdin mRNA abundance was also demonstrated for primary blood monocytes. The data suggest that the expression and secretion of this complement regulatory protein by monocytes is differentially regulated by cytokines and link the immune response with alternative pathway activation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Inhibition of anti-GD3-ganglioside antibody-induced proliferation of human CD8+ T cells by CD16+ natural killer cells.

The ganglioside GD3 has been described as a membrane component of human T cells which is involved in T cell growth. In the present study the activating function of GD3 for human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was analyzed by five different monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against the GD3 molecule. Three mAb U5, Z21 and R24 induced strong proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and purified CD8+ and CD4+ T cells of normal donors containing less than 5% CD16+ natural killer (NK) cells. In contrast to CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells proliferated only weakly in the presence of 15% CD16+ NK cells. The proliferative response of purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (< 5% NK cells) correlated with the antibody-dependent induction of integral and soluble interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptors and was reduced to 20% by an anti-IL-2 receptor antibody. Our results show, that the GD3 molecule represents an activation molecule for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and that CD16+ NK cells selectively inhibit anti-GD3 antibody-induced proliferation of CD8+ T cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1981

Aid for training and evaluation of handicapped drivers.

An indoor driver-evaluator and trainer-aid vehicle, developed to quantify students' ability and progress in learning to drive, is described. In general, the instrumentation for each control was built to measure operating force and elapsed time. The system consists of functional ignition and gear shift control, instrumented steering wheel, hand controls for brake and acceleration, and elapsed response time meters for each control. The controls allow the major driving functions to be evaluated in their interactive mode and the subjects to be taught using variable mechanical resistance elements. Pilot tests were made on nine tetraplegic subjects, spaced over a 4-week period for a subject. Evaluation results by the third test agreed with road evaluation for all six of the subjects who thus far have attempted licensing examinations.

Automobile Driving↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[High-resolution computerized tomography in the diagnosis of impacted third molars and its implications in terms of irradiation exposure].

Inferior alveolar nerve lesions are amongst the most frequent and most severe complications in the surgical removal of third molars. To avoid nerve lesions, careful preoperative radiographic assessment of the anatomical relationships is mandatory. Whenever there is a close topographical relationship between the third molar roots and the mandibular canal, we perform high-resolution CT scans. The additional information obtained as against conventional x-ray films is demonstrated in case descriptions. The results and possible implications in terms of irradiation exposure are discussed.

Adult↗