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Biomedical subjects

C Collins-Williams

Publications and source records attributed to C Collins-Williams.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Antihistamines in asthma.

Reports in the literature have suggested that antihistamines are contraindicated in asthma because they dry the secretions in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. However, the consensus is that this is not the case. There may be a subset of asthmatics who report wheezing and a feeling of tightness in the chest after taking antihistamines but most of those who have severe perennial allergic rhinitis do not have adverse reactions and indeed benefit considerably from antihistamines.

Asthma↗
PubMed1985

Clinical spectrum of adverse reactions to tartrazine.

Tartrazine, a common additive in foods and drugs, often causes adverse reactions such as recurrent urticaria, angioedema, and asthma and is frequently implicated in hyperkinesis. This paper summarizes the recent literature on the subject and outlines a practical approach for the practicing physician to diagnose and treat these patients in an optimal manner.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1981

Death from asthma.

The factors associated with the deaths of 31 asthma patients were examined. The subjects, whose deaths occurred in the period 1967 through 1979, had all received some care at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, but only nine died there. The greatest single cause of death was the inappropriate use of beta-agonists, with or without the concurrent use of epinephrine. In seven patients an asthma attack that occurred outside hospital progressed so rapidly that there was insufficient time for them to obtain adequate therapy. In five cases the assessment of the patient's condition or the therapy recommended by the attending physician appeared to have been inadequate. Two patients suffered an acute attack in hopital and did not respond to treatment that appeared to have been adequate. In six cases the available information was insufficient to indicate the cause of death. Over half (18) of the deaths occurred in teenagers. Various ways of preventing death from asthma are discussed, including better education of physicians and patients, adequate management of factors that provoke bronchospasm, sufficient follow-up -- especially in teenagers -- and the use of approaches with teenagers that encourage better compliance.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Oral salbutamol therapy of asthma in young children.

Twenty-one young asthmatics, 2-6 years of age (mean 4 years), were given an open trial of salbutamol syrup to assess its safety. Each patient was given 1 mg, then 2 mg, q8h for two weeks. Only one patient experienced side-effects and this was at the 2 mg dose. It is concluded that salbutamol syrup is safe at a dose of 1 to 2 mg q8h for the asthmatic children in this age group.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

The status of immunotherapy in children--what are the problems?

Immunotherapy, widely used in the treatment of atopic disease, poses many problems. In asthma the multiple etiologic factors involved make clinical trials of its efficacy difficult to evaluate and immunological studies are badly needed. Allergen extracts of standard potency are essential. The author feels that practicing allergists must improve their knowledge of and expertise in immunotherapy if the patient is to derive maximum benefit from it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The long-term use of beclomethasone dipropionate for the control of severe asthma in children.

Thirty-nine children with severe asthma who had been treated with aerosol inhalations of beclomethasone dipropionate for 33 to 34 months were studied. Twenty-eight were still benefitting from the drug, thrush had occurred in three, and only six of the 20 originally steroid-dependent now required steroid orally. The authors feel that this is an efficacious, safe medication but stress that systemic steroid therapy should be promptly reinstituted during acute exacerbations in steroid-dependent patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Clinical and physiological assessment of asthmatic children treated with beclomethasone dipropionate.

Forty-two perennial asthmatic children were selected for a 12-wk study using beclomethasone dipropionate. The groups included 21 steroid-dependent children (Group I) and 21 patients (Group II) whose disease was of sufficient severity that corticosteroid therapy was contemplated. All children received the drug in a dose of 100 mug 4 times daily. During the study, oral prednisone was withdrawn from the steroid-dependent children while other therapy was essentially unchanged. Group II children underwent a double-blind trial, receiving beclomethasone for 6 wk and placebo for 6 wk. Objective assessment of adrenal and pulmonary function was obtained at regular intervals. For the latter, total lung capacity and its subdivisions, airways resistance, maximum expiratory flow volume, and oxygen tension, were measured in both groups. In Group II static elastic recoil was measured also. For most tests the results were statistically significant. In both groups, 18 of 21 patients demonstrated an excellent clinical response, no evidence of adrenal suppression, and improvement in pulmonary function. Forty of 42 patients were followed for another 12 wk, and 19 of each group did well. After 20-24 wk of therapy, 16% of patients harbored monilia in their oropharynx, and 1 patient had clinical monilial stomatitis. Within the limits of the time of the study, beclomethasone dipropionate appeared to provide adequate clinical control in many chronic, severe, steroid-dependent and nonsteroid-dependent asthmatic children.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMed1976

In vivo and in vitro correlates of food allergy.

Sera of 86 patients clinically sensitive to foods were tested by passive sensitization of human and/or monkey lung (127 tests) and the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) (72 tests), using whole-food antigens; the results were compared with skin (prick) testing. Results of the prick test correlated with history in 76% of cases; lung sensitization correlated with history in 37% and with prick test in 57%; and RAST correlated with history in 54% and prick test in 72%. It is concluded that a very large percentage of adverse reactions to foods are IgE-mediated. The prick test is of use in diagnosis, particularly when combined with RAST; the lung sensitization test is technically impractical and not a reliable indicator. The best diagnostic method is careful history with food challenge and withdrawal and rechallenge; the latter is safe except in patients with a history of violent reaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Diagnosis of food allergy by the radioallergosorbent test.

The radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was positive in 52.5% of 200 sera representing 200 food hypersensitivities from 108 patients with a history of definite immediate-type reactions to foods. Corresponding prick test was performed for 170 of the sera. The latter test was positive in 70%, the RAST was positive in 52%, and iether prick test or RAST was positive in 74%. It is concluded that the RAST is positive less frequently than the prick test in the diagnosis of immediate-type food allergy in clinically sensitive patients, but that the performance of both tests increases slightly the possibility of confirming the diagnosis. However, the RAST is useful for further evaluating positive prick tests with foods that do not correlate with clinical hypersensitivity.

Eggs↗