Biomedical subjects

C Conraux

Publications and source records attributed to C Conraux.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

[Neuroendocrine giant-cell epithelioma. Description of a clinical case and review of the literature].

Neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms of the larynx and hypopharynx. This tumors are divided in paragangliomas (usually benign, although malignant case have been reported), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, described in this case as a primary pharyngo-laryngeal locate, and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (characterized by early and diffuse metastatic disease, and best treated by radiotherapy and chemotherapy). Through the international literature, the authors reviewed the characteristics of the large cell neuroendocrine tumors and their management.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[Tumors of the parotid area. Apropos of 203 surgical explorations].

The authors present their clinical, radiological and histological conclusions, according to a retrospective personal study about 203 chirurgical explorations from the parotid gland. The pleomorphic adenoma and the cystadenoma are presented more precisely and basically their chirurgical indications; the other histological types met are only presented through several tables.

Adenolymphoma↗

PubMed1992

[Laryngeal sarcoidosis: apropos of a case].

The authors report an unusual case of laryngeal sarcoidosis. After having explained it, they describe the elements of diagnosis about this rarely isolated pathology, its complications and treatment as well.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗

PubMed1992

[Polyposis of the nasal sinuses. Epidemiology and clinical aspects of 350 cases. Treatment and results with a follow-up over 5 years on 93 cases].

The authors report a series of 350 patients referred for clinical investigation of nasal polyps between 1980 and 1990. 93 patients were followed for more than 5 years. Allergy to inhalants was rarely found (2.8%). Detailed study of past rhinosinusal and bronchial symptoms often revealed a history of vasomotor rhinitis (nasal hyperreactivity HRN) preceding the nasal polyposis by a mean interval of 8 years. The ratio non-allergic vasomotor rhinitis/nasal polyps was 4.31 in women (41.4% of the patients) and 1.74 in men (58.6% of the patients). Treatment is usually based on the use of local corticosteroids. However, because of the variable clinical pattern of nasal polyposis treatment may be medical alone or both medical and surgical, and always requires a long clinical follow-up. Intolerance to aspirin is a factor of poor prognosis. A 15% failure rate was noted among patients intolerant to aspirin.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[Extensive cervical hematoma complicating multinodular goiter. Apropos of a case].

The massive hemorrhagic accidents of multinodular goiter are very rare, implicating the vital prognosis through an airway obstruction by tracheal compression. To illustrate this situation, the authors present an original case with a large cervico-thoracic hematoma without any respiratory's difficulties. The serious evolutive potential of that situation in spite the unworrying aspect of the patient, bring them to operate in delayed emergency.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[Post-traumatic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery].

The authors present a typical case of a traumatic internal carotid aneurysm rupture appearing 40 years after a blunt head trauma and surgically treated with success. The etiopathogenic and clinical aspects are reviewed and the important place of the angiography in diagnostic and therapeutical strategy is discussed.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Modelling the action of caloric stimulation of the vestibule. II. The mechanical model of the semi-circular canal considered as an inflatable structure.

In order to explain the mechanical effects that arise when a semi-circular canal is thermally stimulated in the horizontal position (i.e. in the absence of gravity effects) a physical model was used. The duct (corresponding to the canal) is deformable, the pressure transducer (corresponding to the ampulla) is not deformable. There is no thermal similarity but a dynamical similarity has been respected, so the mechanical phenomena occurring in the semi-circular canal and in the model are identical. The time scale is close to one. The physical model showed that the relative volume variations (fluid/duct) due to caloric stimulation lead to a pressure variation measured by the pressure transducer at the place of the ampulla and the cupula. The time history and the value of this pressure depend on the mechanical and thermal properties of the duct and the fluid. The qualitative responses of the physical model and of the vestibulo-ocular reflex after caloric stimulation were coherent. A numerical model simulating the same mechanisms yielded a quantitative estimation of the transcupular pressure arising in a horizontal semi-circular canal (i.e. without gravity dependent effects) during caloric stimulation. The physical model and the numerical simulation take no account of the inflating pressure variation.

Caloric Tests↗

PubMed1991

Modelling the action of caloric stimulation of vestibule. III. Caloric nystagmus induced by osmotic pressure variation.

The properties of the membranous wall of the semi-circular canal and of the labyrinthine fluids give as a result the inflating pressure of this inflatable structure. The difference of osmotic pressure between perilymph and endolymph, which is involved in this problem, depends on temperature. Therefore, a caloric stimulation leads to a change in the inflating pressure. A numerical model, similar to the model used to study the effects of relative volume variations, gives a quantitative estimation of the transcupular pressure arising in a horizontal semi-circular canal (i.e. without gravity dependent effects) during a caloric stimulation, according to the inflating pressure change. As a consequence, it appears that rotational and caloric stimulations are not quite similar. The caloric stimulation leads not only to a transcupular pressure difference but also to a change in inflating pressure. As a result of the change in inflating pressure, the stiffness of the cupula varies. This modifies the gain and the dynamics of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and may explain the asymmetry between hot and cold stimulations.

Caloric Tests↗

PubMed1991

Modelling the action of caloric stimulation of the vestibule. IV. The global mechanical model.

Caloric stimulation acts on the bio-accelerometer (the semi-circular canal), as on engineered ones, through second order type multiple pathways. Three temperature induced peripheral actions have been described in our previous reports. The hydrostatic mechanism induces in the endolymph a gravity dependent transcupular stationary pressure difference. The differential expansion of the membranous duct and its content creates a local volume variation, while the modification of the transmembranous exchanges causes a local pressure variation. These two last mechanisms are gravity independent. They depend on parameters of the membrane, and induce a transcupular transient pressure difference and a stationary variation of the inflating pressure. It seems reasonable to assume the independency of these three mechanisms. If this assumption is true, than the global effect of caloric stimulation should be the sum of the effects of the three partial mechanisms. It is shown here that, for the physical model, this assumption holds. For humans, in the more general frame of the caloric vestibulo-ocular reflex experiments reported in the first paper, qualitatively and quantitatively this assumption holds, too. The model predicts a percentage of gravidity dependent effects of about 75%. It is shown that the reported human experiments lead to compatible estimates of this percentage. For humans in the earth gravity field, enduring the caloric stimulation it is not necessary to include neither otolithic interactions, nor significant modifications of the mecano-neural transduction, in the limits of precision of today's experimentation.

Caloric Tests↗

PubMed1991

[Vestibular test in Menière's disease].

When it is well known that the electronystagmographic examination cannot diagnose the Meniere's disease, it is very useful to ensure that no other pathology is involved and for the follow up of the patients. The vestibulo-oculogram, on the other hand, suggests the presence of hydrops, according to the mechanical model.

Electronystagmography↗

PubMed1991

[External injuries of the larynx. Our experience apropos of 55 cases].

Reporting 55 cases of laryngeal trauma, the authors detail the etiologies and the lesions observed and expose their trauma management. Endoscopic results are basic in the evaluation of the gravity of the trauma. Radiological investigations, especially C.T. scan, take the second place. The use of endolaryngeal stent in the surgical treatment is as limited as possible. A precise lesional staging and a great rigour in the operative management can only guarantee the recovery of normal vocal and respiratory functions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasopharynx occurring with immunosuppressive treatment with cyclosporin A. Apropos of a case].

The authors report the case of a 15 year old adolescent who presents a rhabdomyosarcoma of the rhinopharynx. This young patient underwent 23 months before a kidney transplantation and was since under immunosuppressing treatment including corticoids, azathioprine and cyclosporin A. The characteristics of this tumor make it probably induced by the therapeutic based on cyclosporin.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[ORL metastases of Grawitz's tumors].

Renal cell carcinoma (Grawitz's tumor), may metastasize to the head and neck region at different stages of its evolution. The authors present four cases illustrating the difficulties of the preoperative and histopathological diagnosis. The data on otolaryngological localisations are reviewed.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[Occupational deafness].

Occupational deafness is usually caused by acoustic traumas and is particularly frequent in developed industrial countries. It proceeds very insidiously and characterized by bilateral perceptive hypoacusis of cochlear origin, centred on the 4000 Hz frequency. The social impairment is obvious and is often accompanied by tinnitus when the weighted mean hearing loss reaches 35/dB on conversation frequencies of 500 to 4000 Hz. The degree of deafness depends on multiple factors such as the physical characteristics of the traumatic noise (the critical level being 90 dBA), the highly variable individual susceptibility, the age of the subject and any previous or concomitant ear disease. In the absence of effective treatment one must rely entirely on prophylactic measures. Dysbaric occupational deafness if increasingly frequent in aeronautical and hyperbaric environments. It is usually of the mixed type, affecting both the middle and the inner ears. Deafness due to a hyperbaric environment figures on the list of occupational diseases. Occupational deafness of toxic origin is exceptional nowadays.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗

PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of saddle nose, our experience apropos of 19 cases].

19 patients presenting with saddle deformity of the nose were operated upon between 1981 and 1988. Either a bony or a cartilagenous autograft has been employed according to the nature of the deformity. The mean follow-up was two and a half year. The results confirm the high rehability of cartilagenous grafts in the treatment of partial deformities. Treatment of total saddle deformities proved to be less satisfactory with spontaneous resorption of two grafts out of six, one of which was a homologue bony graft from the bank.

Bone Transplantation↗

PubMed1990

[Role of the free forearm flap in reconstruction after total circular pharyngolaryngectomy. Review of the literature and a case report].

Methods of surgical repair after total pharyngo-laryngectomy have considerably improved since the introduction of micro-surgical techniques. The use of free autografts for reconstruction of the pharynx is now preferred in most centers to the use of musculo-cutaneous flaps. The free forearm flaps appears to be particularly suitable for this type of repair. The authors report on their experience in performing this procedure with one of their patients. The results of this technique in major published series are then compared with those achieved with similar procedures employing free jejunal interposition grafts.

Female↗

PubMed1990

[Use of madreporic material in ear surgery. An initial study].

Numerous surgical techniques now call for biomaterials. Included in this term is material foreign to the receiver, of natural or artificial origin, which is implanted in a living organism in order to repair the impaired function of the organ. By using a recent material, coral, the authors here by relate their experience within the scope of ear surgery. The analysis of the preliminary results encourages the further use of this material, bio-compatible, easily-used and giving excellent functional results.

Biocompatible Materials↗

PubMed1989

[Cancer of the maxillary sinus. A retrospective study of 29 cases].

Representing 2% of malignant tumors and 6% of head and neck cancer, almost always diagnosed at a late stage, maxillary sinus cancer still remains a rather rare pathology but fearsome prognosis. From the 29 cases, over 10 years of follow up at the clinic and Paul Strauss cancer treatment center, this study focuses mainly on two criteria: diagnosis, in the study of the presenting symptoms in order to treat this pathology as soon as possible; therapeutic, by analysing our results, and by focusing on the current treatment.

Adult↗