PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Corbé

Publications and source records attributed to C Corbé.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Morphoscopic perception at variable contrast and luminance levels in 97 subjects].

BACKGROUND: Morphoscopic perception at variable contrast and luminance levels has been assessed in various diseases and in occupational medicine. To our knowledge, this function has not been studied in young adults of similar age. We performed a prospective study to assess morphoscopic perception at variable contrast and luminance levels in a group of young servicemen. METHODS: A total of 97 subjects (194 eyes) with a mean age of 22.4 (standard deviation 1.16) years were assessed with the Gradual monitor. After visual acuity was measured, morphoscopic perception was assessed at a mean light level of 85 cd/m2, at low, medium and high spatial frequencies, with myopic correction. All subjects whose visual acuity was not correctable to 10/10 in both eyes or whose score was statistically too different from the mean underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination. RESULTS: Overall, 87 subjects had a visual acuity correctable to 10/10 or better in both eyes. For 34 of the 87, at least one of the six scores was more than 1 standard deviation below the mean; however, for 16 subjects the result was within normal limits after minor adjustment of the correction, often of a small degree of astigmatism. Of the 18 remaining subjects 7 had microstrabismus, 8 had anatomic lesions and 3 had lesions of unknown origin. Of the 13 subjects with a visual acuity of less than 10/10, 5 had relative amblyopia, 2 had major ametropia, 2 had unilateral and 2 bilateral ophthalmologic lesions, and 2 had reduced acuity of unknown cause. INTERPRETATION: In this young population the most frequent cause of reduced contrast sensitivity (40%) was associated with minor uncorrected or badly corrected refractive problems. The next most frequent cause was problems with binocular vision, with or without amblyopia (11%). In these subjects contrast sensitivity was reduced in the nondominant eye and, in five cases, in the dominant eye also.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Pseudophakia and aptitude of aviation personnel].

UNLABELLED: Because of sensorial disruptions, aphakia post-cataract surgery is a cause of unfitness for the job of aeronautics flying personnel. Its correction thanks to intraocular lenses and a correct functional check-up permit to reconsider the fitness through a derogation given by the competent authorities. EQUIPMENT AND METHODS: The authors realized a retrospective study on the 5 last years. 27 flying personnel, 24 to 76 years old, went through a cataract surgery with implantation. The check-up includes a chemical exam completed by a morphoscopic, coloured and spatial study. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The files are more or less well-documented according to their origin. The flying personnel have an average of 4,010 flying hours. The average post-operative hindsight is 30 months. 3 wear intraocular lenses of rear chamber among which 1 is multifocal. 7 were examinated at the CPEMPN with satisfying morphoscopic, coloured and luminous sense compatible with the fitness. 4 are declared permanent unfit (1 professional pilot with bad results, 1 private pilot with other pathologies, 1 inexperienced stewardess getting through the admission visit with insufficient post-operative hindsight, 1 professional pilot declared unfit for its military activity in the reserve). 4 are qualified with restriction. 20 are qualified without restriction. CONCLUSION: The correction of aphakia with intraocular lenses permits in most cases to obtain good functional results compatible with the flying aptitude.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Personnel with poor vision at fighter pilot school].

The piloting of fighting aircraft, the navigation of space-shuttle, the piloting of an helicopter in tactical flight at an altitude of 50 metres require the use of all sensorial, ocular, vestibular, proprioceptive ... sensors. So, the selection and the follow-up of these aerial engines' pilots need a very complete study of medical parameters, in particular sensorial and notably visual system. The doctors and the expert researchers in Aeronautical and spatial Medicine of the Army Health Department, which have in charge the medical supervision of flight crew, should study, create, and improve tests of visual sensorial exploration developed from fundamental and applied research. These authenticated tests with military pilots were applied in ophthalmology for the estimation of normal and deficient vision. A proposition to change norms of World Health Organisation applied to the vision has been following these to low visual persons was equally introduced.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1996

[Multifocal implants of 3 optic zones: optical performance and clinical functional results].

PURPOSE: Evaluation of multifocal IOL (three optical zones). METHODS: Twenty patients were implanted. Main outcome measures were: uncorrected and best corrected distance and near acuity, brigthness acuity test, contrast acuity with differents methods: Pelli-Robson Chart, Gradual System, and spatial visual integration (SVI). RESULTS: Uncorrected visual acuity was restored in 94% of cases. Contrast sensitivity was preserved with the Pelli-Robson chart test but a loss of contrast sensitivity was found with the multifocal IOL with the Gradual system and the SVI in comparison with monofocal IOL. CONCLUSION: Multifocal IOL (three optical zones) allows a good restoration of both near and far visual acuity but a decrease in contrast sensitivity was detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Refractive disorders. Clinical aspects and spontaneous course].

Refraction is the name given to determination of the dioptric values of the eyes, which is indispensable to correct the visual deficit due to ametropia. Disorders of refraction affect half the world population, and for this reason much attention should be paid to their diagnosis and treatment. Their various symptoms result in nuisances at school age and in the exercise of most professions, thereby preventing the subjects affected from enjoying a full life. Measuring refraction is a basic examination for all ophthalmologists.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

A family with acquired and inherited blue-yellow axis.

The pedigree of a family with a blue-yellow axis in the Farnsworth 100-Hue is reported. The fact that a blue-yellow axis corresponds to an inherited defect in 6 subjects and to an acquired defect in 1 subject is discussed. Methodological conditions necessary for making the differential diagnosis between an inherited and an acquired blue-yellow defect are recalled.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Light vision and chorioretinal circulation. Study of the effect of procyanidolic oligomers (Endotelon)].

Light vision is a major element of the visual function. However, it varies from one subject to another. Many factors may modify it in the absence of amy retinal pathology (âge, fatigue, stress). A lower resistance to glare and an alteration of scotopic vision are often mentioned during medical visits. We endeavored to obtain a protection with Endotelon in subjects presenting no major retinal or ophthalmological pathology. Endotelon comes in tablets of 50 mg of procyanidolic oligomers. This compound of vegetal origin (from grape seeds) belongs to the chemical class of flavones which selectively fix on collagen and elastin fibers, thus reinforcing the structure of the vascular connective tissue. The drug efficiency on the resistance to glare and on the night morphoscopic vision was demonstrated by means of three tests: Comberg's nyctometer, Beyne's lantern and ergovision. One hundred subjects were tested in two center. In both center, a treated group received 4 tablets of Endotelon a day for five weeks and a control group received no treatment. Two patients stopped the experiment. Nyctometer: the improvement in the visual performances after glare as well as the rapidity with which these results were obtained is very significant compared to the results obtained by the control group. Visual adaptation to low luminances is also improved under treatment. Ergovision tests were performed in two light environments: a standard one and glare. These results support the previous ones. There is a narrow correlation between the decrease in visual performances after a quick retinal glare and the increase in the environmental luminance at the time of inclusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗