Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Corvino.
Rapid testicular enlargement is usually strongly suggestive of tumor. Primary testicular infiltration due to amyloidosis is rare. We report a new case of primary testicular amyloidosis in a 72-year-old white man who presented with a short history of painless right testis enlargement.
When ureteral length is extensively compromised, preservation of the kidney without recurring to external urinary diversion may be attempted by various techniques. The choice depends on the extension and localization of the defect. We report a technique solution performed in a patient with multiple ureteral tumors and solitary kidney. A 70-years old underwent TURB for superficial bladder cancer and right nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract tumor. He was admitted for hematuria and renal failure which need a percutaneous nephrostomy. Urography and pielo-RMN showed multiple and irregular defects of proximal left ureter. We performed a left ureterectomy with ureteral substitution by tailored and retroperitonealized ileal segment with simultaneous ileal bladder augmentation. The six months follow-up including serum creatinine, sonography, urodynamic evaluation, urinary cytology, excretory urogram and pielo-RMN shows good results. Ureteral replacement with ileum is indicated only for extensive ureteral diseases in which ureteroneocystostomy or vesical Psoas hitch and/or Boari bladder flap are not feasible. With particular attention to surgical aspects as tailoring ileum (to improve propulsion of urinary bolus, limit the absorbing surface area and decrease mucus formation) and the use of an ileal segment longer than 15 cm (to prevent reflux) and with an accurate patient selection, we think that this procedure can assure satisfactory results also in difficult cases.
Digital dacryography with image subtraction permits a very detailed visualization of the lacrimal pathway, evaluating long-term results of emergency surgery on resected lacrimal canaliculi with silicon probe in children. 65 pediatric patients with traumatic injuries of the eyelid have been treated in emergency surgery with introduction of a silicon catheter. 28/65 patients presented in follow-up the symptom of the "wet-eye": 13 of these patients have been examined with digital dacryography. The examination has permitted exclusion of an organic stenosis or a post-surgical complication of the reconstructed tear duct. The results suggest that the symptom of the "wet-eye" may be explained by a loss of the suction mechanism of the lacrimal papilla.
Chemotherapy is a recognized cause of morphological alterations to the proximal intestine. Lactose malabsorption, the functional consequence of a small intestinal enzymatic derangement, has been shown to play an important role in causing gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects receiving chemotherapy. To establish a rational basis for the exclusion of lactose from the diet and to reduce the risk of developing gastrointestinal symptoms, we conducted a study of lactose absorption in 20 children during cancer chemotherapy. Because lactose is an important nutritional sugar, the tolerance of lactose provided by yogurt was examined. Lactose absorption was investigated by a hydrogen breath test (BT) after oral ingestion of milk (250 ml) containing physiological doses of lactose (12 g). The effect of yogurt supplementation was also tested by BT after meals of yogurt (450 g) also containing physiological doses of lactose (12.1 g). In 11 children, lactose malabsorption was detected by BT during the study before any gastrointestinal symptom revealed this status. Of these 11 children, no gastrointestinal discomfort developed in five receiving a lactose-excluded diet. In contrast, in the six children not restricted in lactose intake, gastrointestinal symptoms were observed 4 to 13 weeks after lactose malabsorption was detected by BT. The findings of our study suggested the usefulness of dietary supplementation with yogurt, a lactose-containing food, in children who developed lactose malabsorption. In fact, all lactose-malabsorbent children showed good lactose absorption and tolerance when tested by yogurt BT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An investigation was carried out on 61 children suffering from symptomatic giardiasis with the object of verifying the incidence and entity of lactose malabsorption. Furthermore, the possibility of a substitutive yogurt diet was verified in the lactose malabsorbers. The subjects, all children older than 1 year, were studied according to a schedule that included a lactose hydrogen breath test (BT) performed prior to therapy and a further BT 60 days following therapy. The subjects were divided in two groups: group A, 40 children, received a dose of 250 ml of cow's milk; group B, 21 children, received a stress dose of 2 g/kg lactose (max 50 g). Those subjects who were lactose malabsorbers at the 60 day follow-up were also given a BT at 75 days, and in the case of persistent malabsorption, a further BT was performed after 24 h with the administration of yogurt (450 g containing 12.1 g of lactose). Furthermore, 40 subjects matched for age and sex but without any GI complaints served as controls. The results showed lactose malabsorption to be frequent in children with Giardia lamblia symptomatic infection. According to the BT with a standard lactose load, all patients were malabsorbers; when testing lactose absorption with 250 ml of cow's milk, 45% of patients were found to be malabsorbers. In the latter subjects, the oral load of yogurt was uniformly well tolerated and gave rise to no H2 increment on the BT. We conclude that the occurrence of lactose malabsorption of nutritional relevance is common in children suffering or having suffered from giardiasis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The authors, after reviewing the literature, particularly the classification of optic nerve-head abnormalities, describe several clinical cases dealing especially with the notable diagnostic possibilities of ultrasound examination.
Standardized A scan echography is the best technique for the biometric parameters of the eye. This has been very useful in studying the sizes of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye in hereditary microphthalmos. Echography and a genetic study led to a new classification of hereditary microphthalmos.
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