Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Courthaliac.
Sonography constitutes a method of choice in the evaluation of muscular structures. Traumatic lesions represent the majority of muscular injuries. A good anatomical knowledge of the weakness sites, as well as knowledge of traumatic signs and symptoms is essential in order to deliver a precise report to the referring physician. Sonography may suggest other causes of muscle lesions, tumoral or dystrophic, before confirmation by MRI.
The objective is to determine the normal appearance of the ulnar nerve on a posterior axial sonogram section of the elbow through the medial epicondyle and the humeroulnar joint space. Ultrasound evaluation was carried out on 400 elbows with measurement of the ulnar nerve cross-sectional area and ulnar nerve-cortex distance, as well as recording of apparent ulnar nerve division. Factors that significantly influenced the study variables were sought by statistical analysis. Mean cross-sectional area of the ulnar nerve at the elbow was 7.9 +/- 3.1 mm2 overall. Values were lower in females than in males and increased between 40 and 60 years of age. The ulnar nerve-cortex distance was 0.8 +/- 0.4 mm and varied widely across individuals. Apparent ulnar nerve division at the elbow was noted in about one-fifth of individuals, with no difference between females and males or between the right and left elbows. When present, apparent division was often bilateral and was not associated with changes in cross-sectional area or in distance from the medial epicondyle cortex. This study provides normative data on ulnar nerve sonoanatomy at the elbow and establishes that apparent ulnar nerve division at the elbow is a normal variant.
PURPOSE: To measure breast radiation dose from multidetector CT using three different low dose protocols and compare it to a standard two view chest examination. To compare the number of pulmonary nodules detected at low and standard dose. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thermoluminescent dosimetry was used to measure the absorbed dose on a phantom (Rando) and 10 patients. Then, we compared the standard dose to the low dose examinations. The Wilcoxon rank test and the kappa test were used to assess differences in the detection of nodules. RESULTS: The absorbed dose of these low dose protocols correspond to the radiation dose for the acquisition of two to ten chest radiographs (two views). This study suggests that only the 30 mA protocol is sufficient for the detection of all pulmonary nodules; nodules smaller than 5 mm were overlooked at 10 mA. CONCLUSION: A good image quality can be obtained with low dose protocols at multidetector CT (correspond to 2 to 10 chest radiographs).
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A case of chronic hematic cyst of the orbit which caused unilateral globe displacement with painful diplopia is described in a 72-year-old man. CT scans showed an extraconal soft tissue mass located between the orbital roof and the superior rectus muscle with a bone lysis. Characteristic appearance on MRI (benign signs, subperiosteal localization of the hematoma) has been confirmed by removal surgery. Chronic hematic cyst of the orbit is uncommon and MRI is helpful to establish this diagnostic.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine CT scan value for the follow-up of patients with pleuropulmonary lesions related to Wegener's granulomatosis. METHODS: Retrospective study of ten patients who were diagnosed with diffuse Wegener's granulomatosis including lung involvement and for whom mean follow-up was 23 months (range 4-61). RESULTS: During early stages of the disease, the most common finding was the existence of either nodules (90% of the patients) or consolidations (100% of the patients). CT scan controls showed that nodules disappeared within 6 months in 60% of patients and had completely resolved after 12 months. Linear opacities relating to traction developed, replacing subpleural nodules. A pneumothorax occurred in two patients who had excavated subpleural nodules. Consolidations disappeared in 44% of the patients, most frequently within 4 months. When consolidations persisted, they were replaced by alveolar infiltrates accompanied by bronchiolectasies and linear opacities. Regarding either nodules or consolidations, CT features related to relapse were similar to those of initial lesions in 40% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The main features of pleuropulmonary lesions relating to Wegener's granulomatosis were subpleural nodules that either disappeared with, however, subsequent linear opacities sequelae, or were complicated by the occurrence of pneumothorax.
Gastric diverticula are rare. The retroperitoneal site of subcardial diverticula may be suggestive of a left adrenal mass on CT and MR. The authors report two cases. Radiological demonstration of a communication with the stomach confirms the diagnosis.