Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Coutinho.
Spontaneous spinal cord herniation is a rare and under recognized condition. The commonest presentation is a Brown-sequard syndrome. It most commonly occurs in the thoracic region through an anterolateral dural defect, and the pathophysiology is ill understood. We present a case of spontaneous spinal cord herniation along with a review of literature.
Enterogenous cysts are rare congenital lesions resulting from dysgenesis during the third embryonic week at the time of notochord development and the transitory existence of the neurenteric canal. Enterogenous cysts are usually lined by mucus secreting epithelium resembling that of the gastrointestinal tract. The inclusion of the endodermal elements in the spinal canal may produce extradural, intradural extramedullary or intradural intramedullary cystic lesions. The endodermal inclusions producing cysts in the intracranial compartment are extremely rare, especially in the supratentorial region. Plain X-rays may show concomitant cranio-spinal anomalies. However, CT and MRI scans show better definition and characterisation. Total excision is the procedure of choice in these benign cysts with favourable long term prognosis. Approximately 100 histologically proven cases have been described, with a few exceptions, as isolated case reports the authors report a detailed analysis of the clinico-radiological aspects of a series of ten patients with cranio-spinal enterogenous cysts with a review of the literature.
Fetal distal lung epithelial (FDLE) cells exposed to a postnatal O(2) concentration of 21% have higher epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) mRNA levels and Na(+) transport relative to FDLE cells grown in a fetal O(2) concentration of 3%. To investigate the mechanism of this process, FDLE monolayers were initially cultured in 3% O(2), and then some were switched to a 21% O(2) environment. Incubation of FDLE cells with the iron chelator deferoxamine, CoCl(2), NiCl(2), or an inhibitor of heme synthesis prevented or diminished the O(2) induction of amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current in FDLE cells. Similarly, defer- oxamine and cobalt prevented O(2)-induced ENaC mRNA expression. Exposure of FDLE cells grown under hypoxic conditions to carbon monoxide increased both ENaC mRNA expression and amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current. We therefore concluded that induction of ENaC mRNA expression and amiloride-sensitive Na(+) transport in FDLE cells by a physiological increase in O(2) concentration seen at birth requires iron and heme proteins.
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage in a patient with two giant fusiform aneurysms arising from the posterior cerebral artery was treated by clipping the P2 segment of the artery, proximal to the first aneurysm. This combination of aneurysms has not previously been reported.
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A randomised double blind trial of iohexol and iopamidol in cervical myelography by both lumbar puncture and direct puncture techniques is reported in one hundred consecutive patients. All patients had EEG examination before and 6-8 h after the myelogram and for each a questionnaire regarding adverse reactions was completed at set intervals. The side effects, radiographic quality of the examination and production of sharp wave activity on EEG were equivalent in the iohexol and iopamidol series. Contrary to previous reports, we consider that iohexol and iopamidol are equally acceptable for all forms of myelography.
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