PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Cronin

Publications and source records attributed to C Cronin.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Calcific aortic stenosis and autonomic dysfunction.

With an aging population, calcific aortic stenosis is becoming more important in medical practice. Its cause is unknown. This paper hypothesises autonomic dysfunction is the abnormality underlying the tendency of the aging aortic valve to calcify, a proposition based on 2 main lines of evidence: 1. the similarity between aortic valvular calcification and medial arterial calcification, the latter a condition in whose pathogenesis autonomic dysfunction is implicated; 2. the similarity between the changes of autonomic denervation and those of natural aging in the aortic valve, of which calcific aortic stenosis is an exaggerated form. Autonomic denervation leads to withdrawal of neurotrophic influences from cells and tissues. The resulting changes in function and in structure, it is proposed, give rise to a condition of vulnerability allowing other stresses, such as haemodynamic trauma, to result in calcification.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The use of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in monitoring total body iron in hemodialysis patients with hemosiderosis treated with erythropoietin and phlebotomy.

Two hemodialysis patients with hemosiderosis were treated with combined erythropoietin and repeated phlebotomy. Serial nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging and serum ferritin levels were used to monitor the efficacy of treatment. This treatment modality has definite advantages over chronic deferoxamine therapy. NMR image-derived parameters offer an objective, accurate, and noninvasive indication of tissue iron stores.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Recovery of intralipid from lumbar puncture after migration of saphenous vein catheter.

A term female infant was admitted to the intensive care unit with the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot with critical pulmonary stenosis. On the seventh day of life a long saphenous line was inserted that remained without complications until seven days later when the infant appeared septic. A lumbar puncture demonstrated the presence of intra-lipid in the cerebrospinal fluid that we interpreted as due to migration of the saphenous catheter. The child had an uneventful recovery.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1990

Controlled-release morphine bioavailability (MS Contin tablets) in the presence and absence of food.

The bioavailability of a single, orally administered, 30-mg controlled-release morphine tablet (MS Contin Tablet; The Purdue Frederick Company, Norwalk, Conn.) was compared after fasting or a high fat meal in this single dose, randomized, crossover study involving 24 healthy male subjects. There was no significant (p greater than 0.05) difference in the mean extent of morphine absorption over 24 hours in the presence or absence of food (area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve [AUC(0,24)], fed = 107% of fasted). Time to maximal concentration (Tmax) was similar (p greater than 0.05) in the two treatment groups; the mean Tmax for fed volunteers was 2.5 hours versus 2.4 hours for fasted volunteers. The two regimens did not differ significantly (p greater than 0.05) with regard to maximal morphine concentration (Cmax); mean Cmax for fed subjects was 8.22 ng/ml whereas mean Cmax for fasted subjects was 8.53 ng/ It was concluded that consumption of a high fat meal did not affect either the rate or extent of morphine absorption, or any of the other pharmacokinetic parameters tested, following administration of MSC.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

The overnight dexamethasone test is a worthwhile screening procedure.

The overnight low-dose dexamethasone test is a convenient screening procedure for Cushing's syndrome. Claims that the test is associated with a high incidence of 'false positives', rendering it of little value particularly in obese and hospital in-patients, have been investigated in the present study. The data from 100 consecutive subjects undergoing overnight low-dose dexamethasone tests to examine for the possibility of Cushing's syndrome, were reviewed. Cushing's syndrome was identified in four patients, normal suppression of cortisol values occurred in 84 patients and 12 patients exhibited false positive results. Differences in body weights, body mass indices or in-patient status did not distinguish between those subjects with normal suppression of plasma cortisol and those subjects who yielded false positive results. These data indicate that the simple overnight dexamethasone test substituted for the more cumbersome traditional 48-h dexamethasone test in 84 of 96 patients who did not have Cushing's syndrome. Thus the overnight test provides a useful screening procedure but a small percentage of patients, approximately 12.5%, will require additional procedures to exclude Cushing's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Acute renal failure and non-Hodgkins lymphoma in a patient with minimal change glomerulonephritis.

Two rare features of minimal change glomerulonephritis occurring together in an adult patient are described. A 70-year-old man presented with acute renal failure and the nephrotic syndrome. Investigation revealed minimal change glomerulonephritis and non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Anti-lymphoma treatment reversed both the renal failure and the nephrotic syndrome. Minimal change glomerulonephritis, as a cause of acute renal failure and as a manifestation of malignancy, is briefly reviewed.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy by family physicians: a national multisite study of 717 procedures.

This is the first multisite report of esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs) performed by family physicians. The first 717 EGDs performed by family physicians from 8 separate office practices provide a practical and safe rationale for selected cognitive and psychomotor aspects of continuing medical education after residency training. Although primarily in private practice, these physicians were affiliated with 6 academic institutions. This group of family physicians received training in short courses. The average amount of hands-on training before independent EGD was 8 supervised cases. Cumulatively, these data represent 227 months (18.9 years) of office practice. All cases were collected sequentially from the beginning of each physician's experience, and 454 cases were collected prospectively. Physicians reported excellent patient tolerance. Diagnostic yields were high, and biopsies were performed where appropriate. Pathologists reviewed biopsy specimens from 213 sites. The family physician endoscopic diagnosis agreed with the tissue diagnosis in 188 cases (88 percent). Physicians believed that EGD enhanced management or changed the diagnosis in more than 89 percent of cases. One bleeding complication requiring overnight hospitalization was noted. This complication rate 0.0014 (1/717) compares favorably with published subspecialty complication rates 0.0013 (1.3/1000). These data confirm the ability of some family physicians to perform EGD and suggest that continuation is safe. Biopsy analysis indicates diagnostic accuracy is high. Further study on the cognitive aspects and the defragmentation of care is needed.

Adolescent↗