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Biomedical subjects

C D Bell

Publications and source records attributed to C D Bell.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

The relationship of nuclear staining density and mode of stromal invasion with axillary metastases and hormone receptor status in human breast cancer.

Biopsies from 52 cases of infiltrating duct carcinoma of breast were assessed for proportions of tumor infiltrating stroma as "thin" strands and as confluent cell sheets. The proportions of cell nuclei arbitrarily designated "dark" were determined for each whole tumor and for their above-mentioned invasive compartments and were compared with the tumor's nuclear grade, mitotic index, gross size, axillary metastatic status, and hormone receptivity. Well-differentiated tumors tended to have more cells with "dark" nuclei and more of the tumor mass invading the stroma as "thin" strands than poorly differentiated ones. Tumors that had axillary metastases also tended to have high mitotic indices, low proportions of cells with "dark" nuclei (and conversely high proportions of cells with vesicular nuclei) in confluent sheets. Tumors that had positive results for one or both hormone receptors had a greater component of trabecular stromal invasion than tumors with negative results for both hormone receptors that grew as confluent cell sheets. It is suggested that tumor cell nuclear staining "density" might be a clinically useful prognostic index despite the finding that semiquantitative assessments of nuclear density can be modified by the mode of stromal invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hidden loop jejunostomy--an experimental model.

A hidden loop jejunostomy, the placement of a proximal small bowel loop under the skin of dogs, is described. A feeding tube was inserted in the loop at a later date, which enabled feeding for at least 6 weeks. This procedure was well tolerated by the 10 dogs involved in this experimental model. It should be considered as a possible surgical procedure at initial explorative laparotomy in patients with advanced cancer originating at the gastric cardia or esophagogastric junction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Relationship of nuclear appearance to stromal invasion in human breast cancer.

Two biopsies of intraductal and invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast and 11 biopsies of intraductal and invasive carcinoma of the breast were examined by automated micromensurative techniques for mean nuclear area of carcinoma cells in intraductal and in invasive compartments. The nuclei of invasive carcinoma cells tended to be smaller when they invaded stroma as single cells or as "thin strands" than when they invaded as part of large sheets of cells. Cells in direct apposition with the stroma usually had smaller nuclei than cells which were found centrally in large confluent sheets of cells. Intraduct carcinoma cells approached, in size, invasive cells which formed confluent sheets, rather than cancer cells which invaded as single cells. The nuclei of cells which invaded in small groups were usually darker than those of cells in confluent sheets, which were usually more vesicular.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The significance of secretory features and coincident hyperplastic changes in endometrial biopsy specimens.

The clinical and pathological characteristics of endometrial hyperplasia simulating or coexisting with secretory endometrium were studied in 35 cases of women with at least one biopsy diagnosed as secretory endometrium and another biopsy diagnosed as endometrial hyperplasia or neoplasia. The biopsy samples were examined histologically by semiquantitative methods to detect features that could aid in distinguishing secretory endometrium from hyperplastic endometrium existing focally in secretory endometrium or simulating secretory endometrium. Important histologic features were focal architectural abnormalities, epithelial pseudopalisading, a vesicular nuclear appearance, nuclear atypia, mitoses, the presence of metaplastic ciliated and "clear" cells, and a sharp luminal margin indicating absence of cytoplasmic secretion. The distribution of patients' ages fell between that of perimenopausal women with only secretory features on biopsy (curettage) and that of women with hyperplastic endometrium on biopsy. Twenty-nine per cent of the women in the study group had diabetes or hypertension, and 29 per cent had leiomyomata or adenomyosis at eventual hysterectomy. Patients followed up showed persistence of hyperplasia and progression to a more severe degree of cytologic atypia on later biopsy samples. Recommendations are made for improved detection of these hyperplastic changes and for careful follow-up of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Tumor differentiation and histological type in human breast cancer.

Biopsies from 61 women with breast cancer were assessed for various histological features. These results were statistically analyzed for associations of gross tumor size, patient age, stage of disease, tumor hormone receptor status, with accepted systems of nuclear and histological grading for differentiation. Tumors with highly differentiated grading had smaller cell nuclei, stromal elastasis, intraduct carcinoma and tubular formations. Poorly differentiated tumors had large vesicular cell nuclei and increased mitotic indices. Gross tumor size was also linked with stromal elastosis, intraduct carcinoma, a specific pattern of stromal infiltration, and mitotic index. No relationship could be found between any of the above features and the patients clinical statuses or their tumors' hormone receptivities. The existence of two distinct histological patterns of breast carcinoma is proposed; the patterns may either represent stages in the development of the tumor or different biological types.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Variability of cell size in primary and metastatic human breast carcinoma.

Macroscopic measurements and histometrical estimates of cell cytoplasmic (Cx) and nuclear areas (Nx) were made on 24 primary and 37 metastatic tumors from patients with human breast carcinoma. Within the small metastases, the cancer cells were smaller and showed greater variation in size (CVC, CVN) than those in their respective primary tumors. In the larger metastases, the cells were larger and more uniform in size. Studies of primary tumors showed that both Cx and Nx of tumor cells bore a direct relationship to the gross size of the primary tumor. Comparisons of measurements from the 14 primary tumors with metastases and the 10 primary tumors with no metastases revealed no significant differences between the groups. In all tumors, Cx bore a predictable and direct relationship to Nx.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The concentration maximum concept in intravenous cholangiography.

The excretion of ioglycamate in the bile of the rhesus monkey was measured at 5% and at 100% bile diversion following an intravenous bolus injection of ioglycamate. At 100% diversion the bile volume was reduced and the concentration of ioglycamate was increased, but the quantity excreted was unchanged. A similar study using iodipamide reported previously gave the same result. When the ioglycamate was given by intravenous infusion, the effect of 100% bile diversion was quite different. The concentration of ioglycamate in the bile was unchanged by the bile diversion but the excretion was reduced. These results indicate that the transport maximum for the excretion of ioglycamate in bile is not a constant and is reduced by interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts. The maximum concentration of ioglycamate in bile was constant and was independent of the reduction in bile salt output produced by 100% bile diversion. Following a single bolus injection however, the reduction in bile flow produced by 100% bile diversion increased the biliary concentration of ioglycamate. These results suggest that the excretion of ioglycamate is limited by a maximum concentration rather than a transport maximum. The maximum rate of transport (Tm) is dependent on two factors--the maximum concentration of ioglycamate in the bile and the rate of bile flow. The maximum concentration is achieved by an infusion technique and not by a single bolus injection and this supports the view that an infusion technique should be used for intravenous cholangiography.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Malignant oncocytic tumour of the parotid salivary gland.

A 49-year-old man developed a tumour mass in his right parotid salivary gland nine years after a histologically proven benign mixed tumour of the same salivary gland had been surgically removed. Radical resection of the right parotid salivary gland and associated lymph nodes and soft tissues of the neck was performed. The parotid tumour was composed of oncocytic cells which infiltrated the surviving salivary gland tissue. Most of the excised lymph nodes contained metastatic deposits of oncocytic cells identical to the tumour seen in the parotid. There are no previous reports of the occurrence of both pleomorphic adenoma and malignant oncocytoma in the same salivary gland.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1976

Levels of ioglycamate (Biligram) in the bile of the rhesus monkey following intravenous infusion at different dose-rates.

The maximun rate of excretion of ioglycamate in the bile of the rhesus monkey was achieved when the rate of adminstration was at least twice the rate of excretion. A maximum concentration of ioglycamate in the bile was also established, and this is more important to the visualization of the bileducts than the quanity of ioglycamate excreted. The maximum concentration was obtained at the same rate of infusion as that which produced the maximum rate of excretion. The peak concentration was sustained longer with an infusion lasting two hours than with one lasting 36 minutes, althought the same quanity of ioglycamate had been administered. It is concluded that an infusion at a rate equal to twice the maximum excretory rate and continued for two hours or longer is a rational approach to intravenuous cholangiography particularly in those patients where there has been some diffculty in bile-duct visulization.

Animals↗
PubMed1966

Case report.

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Dentistry↗