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Biomedical subjects

C D Wise

Publications and source records attributed to C D Wise.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Inhibition of neuroleptic binding by human brain extracts--an effect of endogenous dopamine?

Extracts of autopsied human brain tissue exhibited a specific inhibition of [3H]spiroperidol binding, in support of previous reports. The extent of binding inhibition varied depending upon the brain region from which the tissue was taken. We observed two peaks of inhibition binding from extracts of caudate or putamen placed on a Sephadex G10 column. Results of experiments to characterize the extract in the second peak indicate a correlation between inhibition of spiroperidol binding and dopamine content of the tissue. The content of the first peak could not be definitively identified but indirect evidence indicates that it may be a high molecular weight conjugate of dopamine that is formed at low concentrations. No evidence was obtained to suggest the existence of previously undetected neuroleptic-like material in human brain.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1985

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity: demographic characteristics contribute to enzyme activity variability.

In a large (n = 459) sample of adults free of psychiatric, neurologic, and endocrinologic disease, platelet monoamine oxidase activity was analyzed by multiple regression of the demographic variables age, race, and gender on enzyme activity. Reported here are variations for all three demographic variables such that significantly greater enzyme activity is seen in female, older, and white subjects relative to male, younger, and black subjects. For each demographic group the data demonstrated a curvilinear relationship of age and enzyme activity with a nadir of activity at age 30. For this sample enzyme activity nearly doubled between subjects at age 30 and at age 80. We believe this study to be the first to report racial differences in this enzyme activity and to analyze normative data for this enzyme by multiple regression techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Schizophrenic outcome in late life: symptom state and platelet monoamine oxidase activity.

Reported here are the results of a study of symptom state, platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, and demographic variables in a group of elderly neuroleptic-free schizophrenics. Analyzed by both bivariate and multivariate techniques, the data from this sample indicate that after the effects of demographic variables upon the variance of enzyme activity have been controlled for, the patients most likely to continue to manifest schizophrenic symptomatology in the senium are those with low platelet MAO activity. The results are discussed with respect to other studies of platelet MAO and prognosis in schizophrenia and with respect to future studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

An inverse correlation between spontaneous eye-blink rate and platelet monoamine oxidase activity.

An inverse correlation between platelet monoamine oxidase activity and spontaneous eye-blink rate, a putative measure of central dopaminergic activity, was found in medication-free chronic schizophrenic patients without tardive dyskinesia (n = 20, rs = -.47, P less than .025). A similar correlation was found when patients with tardive dyskinesia were included but was weaker (n = 27, rs = -.35, P less than .05). Normal controls and patients with tardive dyskinesia did not demonstrate this relationship. This report confirms a previous finding of a significant platelet monoamine oxidase-blink rate correlation in chronic schizophrenic patients. Insofar as this relationship is mediated by dopamine, it suggests that dopaminergic relations are more readily demonstrated in schizophrenic subjects than normals. Moreover, tardive dyskinesia appears to obscure this dopaminergic relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A probable neuroleptic effect on platelet monoamine oxidase in chronic schizophrenic patients.

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity (MAO) was studied serially over time in 16 chronic schizophrenic patients when medication free and then when medicated. Thirteen of the 16 patients had significant decreases in platelet MAO activity following neuroleptic drug treatment. The change in MAO activity was found to be correlated with response to treatment and to dose of medication.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A biochemical study of tardive dyskinesia in young male patients.

Based on specific criteria, tardive dyskinesia was diagnosed in 6 out of 29 young schizophrenic male inpatients. We compared several biochemical parameters in these six dyskinesia patients with those in six matched controls. The patients with dyskinesia had significantly lower platelet monoamine oxidase activity and significantly higher plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity as compared with the controls, thus confirming our previous findings in a population of elderly female inpatients. The dyskinetic and nondyskinetic groups did not differ from each other in mean whole blood serotonin concentration and mean serum neuroleptic concentration as measured with a radioreceptor binding assay. Possible significance of our results is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Lymphocyte monoamine oxidase and plasma prolactin and growth hormone in tardive dyskinesia.

Twelve elderly women with tardive dyskinesia were matched with 12 patients without dyskinesia. Lymphocyte monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and plasma prolactin and growth hormone concentrations were determined "blind" in these 12 pairs of patients. Chronic schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia had significantly lower lymphocyte MAO activity as compared to controls. Organic brain syndrome patients with dyskinesia did not differ from controls in the lymphocyte MAO activity. These results with lymphocyte MAO parallel our earlier findings on platelet MAO. No significant differences were found between dyskinesia group and controls in the plasma prolactin and growth hormone concentrations. Possible implications of our findings are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Monoamine oxidase in schizophrenia: an overview.

A brief history and summary of studies designed to elucidate the role of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in schizophrenia are presented. The majority of these studies have reported a decrease in the platelet enzyme activity of chronic schizophrenic patients when compared to controls. Difficulties encountered when comparing MAO activity measured in different patient populations are also considered. Finally, the significance of decreased platelet MAO activity is discussed with respect to its possible etiological role in some forms of schizophrenia.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1980

Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, monoamine oxidase, and schizophrenia.

Plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity was studied in two different populations of chronic schizophrenic patients and assayed by two independent laboratories. No significant difference between schizophrenic patients and normal controls was found although in both groups chronic undifferentiated schizophrenics with paranoid features had a trend towards lower DBH activity than the other patients and controls. In addition, DBH and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities were studied in 13 schizophrenic patients and available first degree-relatives. There was no association of low MAO and low DBH activities within the schizophrenic families.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1979

Some kinetic parameters of platelet monoamine oxidase in chronic schizophrenia.

The michaelis constants (Vmax and Km) for platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) with tyramine as substrate are found to be significantly lower in chronic schizophrenic patients than in normal controls. Furthermore, these kinetic parameters for the MAO of paranoid chronic schizophrenics are significantly lower than those for nonparanoid chronic schizophrenics. Paranoid chronic schizophrenia may be a separate biochemical disorder from other chronic schizophrenias.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1979

Platelet monoamine oxidase: studies on the rate of heat inactivation in normal and in paranoid and nonparanoid chronic schizophrenic groups.

The heat inactivation curves for platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) in chronic schizophrenic and normal subjects were virtually identical. There were also no differences found when schizophrenic patients were subgrouped into paranoid and nonparanoid types. However, the MAO from one of the normal subjects showed a substantially greater thermolability than that of any other control or schizophrenic subject.

Blood Platelets↗