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Biomedical subjects

C Degott

Publications and source records attributed to C Degott.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Randomized controlled trial of adenine arabinoside 5'-monophosphate in chronic active hepatitis B: comparison of the efficacy in heterosexual and homosexual patients.

Twenty-two heterosexuals and 21 homosexuals with chronic active hepatitis B and who had HBsAg, HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA in serum were randomized separately to receive adenine arabinoside monophosphate or placebo. In the 10 heterosexuals and nine homosexuals who received placebo, no change in hepatitis B virus DNA level and HBeAg was observed. Among the patients who received adenine arabinoside monophosphate, seven of the 12 heterosexuals and five of the 12 homosexuals lost hepatitis B virus DNA; five heterosexuals and three homosexuals also lost HBeAg; one homosexual lost HBsAg. There was no significant differences in response between heterosexual and homosexual patients. When results were pooled, there was a significant effect of adenine arabinoside monophosphate on hepatitis B virus replication. None of the 19 patients who received placebo but 50% of the 24 patients who received adenine arabinoside monophosphate were negative for serum hepatitis B virus DNA at 10 months after treatment (p less than 0.001) and none of the 19 patients who received placebo and 33% of the 24 patients who received adenine arabinoside monophosphate were negative for HBeAg in serum (p less than 0.005). Retrospective analysis showed that disappearance of hepatitis B virus DNA after administration of adenine arabinoside monophosphate was more common (i) in patients with a low pretreatment hepatitis B virus DNA level than in patients with a high pretreatment hepatitis B virus DNA level (8/11 vs. 4/13, p less than 0.05); (ii) in patients with a high pretreatment ALT level than in patients with a low pretreatment ALT level (10/14 vs. 2/10, p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Successful endoscopic obturation of gastric varices with butyl cyanoacrylate.

In 27 patients who had bled from esophagogastric varices, large-sized and/or actively bleeding gastric varices were endoscopically obturated with the tissue adhesive butyl cyanoacrylate. Active bleeding was stopped in six patients. Rebleeding occurred in 10 patients; in four patients, rebleeding was due to ruptured gastric varices, occurred early and was successfully treated by reinjection of gastric varices; in one patient, rebleeding was attributed to ulceration on an injected gastric varix. Eight patients died: two of rebleeding (from esophageal varices or undetermined source), four of sepsis and/or liver failure and two at home of undetermined cause. No specific complication due to injection of gastric varices was observed. The results obtained in this series of patients with gastric varices obturated by injection of butyl cyanoacrylate are much more satisfactory than those obtained in previously published series of patients with gastric varices treated by injection of sclerosants.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: an ultrastructural study.

Epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas are uncommon vascular tumors, mainly observed in lung and soft tissues. Liver involvement is infrequent and, in contrast to the extrahepatic localizations of the tumor, has not been subjected to detailed ultrastructural analysis. This prompted us to report the results of the ultrastructural study of three cases of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver. Neoplastic proliferation was heterogeneous. Most of neoplastic cells presented features suggestive of endothelial differentiation, including presence of Weibel-Palade bodies and evidence of vasoformative properties demonstrated by formation of both intra- and extracellular vascular channels resembling the normal structures successively observed during embryogenesis and tissue regeneration. A minor cell population, unreported so far, exhibited ultrastructural characters resembling those of pericytes and presented organoid relationship to neoplastic endothelial cells. Tumor spreading along sinusoids induced pseudopeliotic dilatations and led to a progressive disruption of normal liver architecture. In conclusion, the three cases of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma examined in this work assume many organoid features mimicking the successive steps of normal angioformation and indicative of a high degree of morphological differentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hepatocellular carcinoma with normal adjacent liver. Hepatitis B virus DNA status.

We investigated hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA status in the liver of 22 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed on a non-cirrhotic, histologically normal liver tissue. HBV serological markers were present in 2 of the 22 subjects. HBV DNA sequences were identified in the liver of only 5 of the 22 patients with HCC. Evidence for clonal expansion of HBV-infected cells was found for one HBsAg-positive subject. This study indicates a much lower rate of HBV DNA positivity in the group of HCC developed on histologically normal livers as compared to that observed in HCC with liver cirrhosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Clotiazepam-induced acute hepatitis.

We report the case of a patient who developed acute hepatitis with extensive hepatocellular necrosis, 7 months after the onset of administration of clotiazepam, a thienodiazepine derivative. Clotiazepam withdrawal was followed by prompt recovery. The administration of several benzodiazepines, chemically related to clotiazepam, did not interfere with recovery and did not induce any relapse of hepatitis. This observation shows that clotiazepam can induce acute hepatitis and suggests that there is no cross hepatotoxicity between clotiazepam and several benzodiazepines.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Fatal liver failure due to disulfiram.

We present the case of a 30-year-old man with disulfiram-induced hepatitis complicated by fatal liver failure. The disease followed a protracted course with an interval of 25 days between the onset of jaundice and the onset of encephalopathy. In this patient, the severity of the liver disease might have been due to reingestion of disulfiram shortly after the onset of jaundice.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1989

Characteristics of clometacin-induced hepatitis with special reference to the presence of anti-actin cable antibodies.

The clinical, biochemical, histopathological and immunological features of 30 cases of clometacin-induced hepatitis are described. The age range of the patients was 32-84 years with a notable female predominance of 29:1. The hepatitis was highly cytolytic with high values of transaminases but with little or no cholestasis. Gammaglobulins were higher than 18 g/l in 73% of the cases. 25 liver biopsies were performed and showed acute hepatitis with a predominant centrilobular necrosis in 17; chronic aggressive hepatitis was noted in 8 cases but 1 showed concomitant cirrhotic changes. Anti-tissue antibodies were looked for in all cases. Anti-smooth muscle antibodies of anti-actin cable type (titre 1/80 to 1/2, 560) were detected in 19 cases, anti-nucleus antibodies in 16 cases which were associated to the former in 14 cases. The above findings show that clometacin produces a hepatitis syndrome quite akin to autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (lupoid hepatitis) and to the hepatopathy induced by oxyphenisatin.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of chronic administration of cyclosporin A on choleresis in rats].

The effect of therapeutic doses of cyclosporine A (CyA) on bile flow and bile salt output was studied in the rat. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (250 to 380 g) were injected intraperitoneally with CyA (n = 15) or vehicle (n = 15) at the dose of 10 mg.kg-1 for 3 weeks. The effect of CyA on basal and taurocholate-induced bile flow, on basal bile salt output and bile salt output under taurocholate infusion, and the effect of chronic administration of CyA on bile salt-independent bile flow was evaluated. Administration of CyA was associated with a decrease in basal bile flow (5.6 +/- 0.7 vs 6.7 +/- 0.7 microliters.min-1.100 g-1; p less than 0.001) and bile flow under taurocholate infusion (8.0 +/- 0.8 vs 10.9 +/- 1.1 microliters.min-1.100 g-1; p less than 0.001). Basal bile salt output (133.9 +/- 48.2 vs 173.8 +/- 53.6 nmol.min-1.100 g-1; p less than 0.003) and bile salt output under the infusion of taurocholate were significantly lower in cyclosporine-treated rats than in controls (443.3 +/- 48.2 vs 617.2 +/- 172.7 nmol.min-1.100 g-1; p less than 0.001). There was no significant difference in bile salt-independent bile flow between the 2 groups. There was no modification of seric alanine aminotransferase activity or hepatic histology. This study confirms that chronic administration of CyA at therapeutic doses can induce cholestasis. Cholestasis is related mainly to a decrease in bile salt secretion and bile salt-dependent flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic quality control of hepatobiliary echography by autopsy correlation].

A methodology to evaluate routine ultrasonography performed in liver pathology is described. The results of 62 autopsies, undoubtedly the most accurate anatomical reference, were compared to those of sonographic examination of the liver performed two months before death at the most. Discordance was found in 23 cases. False negative results in the detection of metastasis and thrombosis of hepatic veins or inferior vena cava were the major pitfalls. The reasons and the consequences of each error were determined for each case.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1989

[Anatomo-pathologic study of hepatic toxicity in intra-arterial hepatic chemotherapy].

Intra-arterial hepatic chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of colorectal or endocrine carcinomas liver metastasis. However it is potentially toxic for the healthy liver. To check this, we studied non tumoral liver specimens in 14 patients treated by intra-arterial chemotherapy with 5 fluorouracil, 5 fluoro-2 deoxyuridine and an association of 5 fluorouracil and streptozotocin. The main hepatic lesions observed were: sclerosing cholangitis, central vein (dilatation and fibrosis) and moderate hepatocellular necrosis or cholestasis in the centrolobular area. Thus intra-arterial hepatic chemotherapy has important toxic effects on healthy liver, even if clinical and biological liver disturbances are minimal in most cases. Caution must be exercised in using this method.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Hepatitis probably caused by exifone (Adlone)].

Exifone, a drug recently proposed for the treatment of cognitive deficiencies of old age, has been marketed in France beginning in April 1988. This report concerns 2 patients who developed jaundice after taking this drug for 2 and 5 months, respectively. Serum aminotransferase was markedly increased. There was no hepatic failure. In both cases, histologic examination of a liver sample showed centrilobular hepatocyte necrosis and cholestasis. Necrotic cells were infiltrated with numerous red blood cells and scarce inflammatory cells. These lesions were associated with alterations of the walls of centrilobular veins. Discontinuation of exifone was followed by the prompt disappearance of jaundice. Complete recovery occurred within 6 and 12 weeks, respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Fulminant hepatitis due to reactivation of chronic hepatitis B virus infection after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

A case of hepatitis B reactivation following bone-marrow transplantation for leukemia in a previously healthy HBsAg carrier is reported. A number of changes in HBV serum markers were contemporary to the acute episode. All of them (increase of HBsAg concentration, conversion from anti-HBe to HBeAg, appearance of anti-HBc IgM and of serum HBV-DNA) were suggestive of a "switching-on" of viral replication. Institution of corticosteroid treatment at the onset of the acute phase did not prevent the fatal outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Liver phospholipidosis induced by parenteral nutrition: histologic, histochemical, and ultrastructural investigations.

Histochemical and electron microscopic examinations of the liver were performed in 5 adults receiving parenteral nutrition for greater than 18 mo and in 4 adults receiving parenteral nutrition for less than 5 mo. Phospholipidosis, reflected by the presence of cytoplasmic phospholipid deposits at histochemical examination and the presence of multilamellar lysosomes at electron microscopy, was marked and present in hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and portal macrophages in all 5 patients receiving parenteral nutrition for greater than 18 mo. Mild phospholipidosis, affecting only hepatocytes, was demonstrated in 3 of the 4 patients receiving parenteral nutrition for less than 5 mo. These findings indicate that liver phospholipidosis is relatively common in patients receiving parenteral nutrition and that the degree of liver phospholipidosis depends on the duration of parenteral nutrition. Liver phospholipidosis might be due to intrahepatic accumulation of intravenous phospholipids provided by fat-emulsion sources.

Adult↗