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C Descoeudres

Publications and source records attributed to C Descoeudres.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Heroin associated nephropathy: clinical and histological studies in 19 patients.

Nineteen patients, 20 to 47 years old with heroin addiction and renal disease, were studied. Patients with pre-existing systemic disease that can cause renal pathology were excluded. The mean duration of the addiction was 3.8 +/- 8 years. Most of the patients had the nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy revealed focal histological changes in 10 patients (5 with focal sclerosis) and diffuse changes in 9. Immunofluorescence studies done in 17 patients revealed diffuse deposition of IgG and beta 1C in 11 patients and focal deposits in 6 (mostly IgM). They were followed for a period ranging from 7 to 67 months. Most patients experienced progressive deterioration of renal function except in 4 cases in whom there was cessation of the drug addiction. These 4 displayed a rise in glomerular filtration rate (from 87 +/- 16 to 100 +/- 11 ml/min), marked reduction in proteinuria (from 6.5 +/- 2.6 to 0.4 +/- 0.1 g/24 hr) and an increase in serum albumin (from 3.2 +/- 0.5 to 4.0 +/- 0.1 g/dl). In summary, the fact that the renal abnormalities of our patients could not be explained by other diseases and the marked improvement upon cessation of the addiction favors the notion that heroin addiction "per se" may be the cause of the nephropathy. However, the heroin nephropathy was not manifested by a specific histological or immunofluorescence pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Serum ferritin in renal insufficiency, hemodialysis and kidney transplantation].

87 patients with end-stage renal failure on long-term hemodialysis, 25 not on dialysis and 37 with renal transplants have been studied. Serum ferritin was measured by immunoradiometric and radioimmuno-assay. The correlation between the two methods was excellent (p less than 0.001). In 25 patients on long-term hemodialysis a good correlation was found between serum ferritin levels and stainable iron (p less than 0.001). All patients with adequate iron stores had serum ferritin levels above 60 ng/ml, whereas only one out of 10 with decreased or absent iron stores had a higher leve (118 ng/ml). According to these criteria the iron stores were decreased in 59% of our patients on long-term hemodialysis, decreased or adequate in 14% and adequate or increased in 27%. There was no correlation between serum ferritin levels and serum iron and total iron binding capacity. The distribution pattern of the serum ferritin levels was log normal and did not significantly differ in the three groups studied, although the patients with renal transplants had nearly normal hemoglobin and creatinine levels. Elevated serum ferritin levels in patients (21%) on hemodialysis could only partly be explained by repeated transfusions or chronic infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Influenza vaccination in dialysis patients].

50 stabilized long-term hemodialysis patients were randomly selected to receive one intramuscular injection of a new influenza subunit vaccine containing only the surface antigens hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, or of an adjuvant containing whole virus vaccine. Both vaccines contained strains A/Victoria/3/75 and B/Hongkong/8/73. Both vaccines were very well tolerated and caused significant rises in the antibody titers within 4 weeks against both strains. The subunit vaccine produced significantly higher antibody titers against strain A than the whole virus vaccine.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effects of glucocorticoid deficiency on renal medullary cyclic adenosine monophosphate of rats.

1. The effects of adrenalectomy on the adenylate cyclase--adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) system of rat renal medulla were examined to evaluate the mechanism of the impaired water diuresis in glucocorticoid deficiency. 2. Concentrations of cyclic AMP in medullary tubules from adrenalectomized rats were significantly higher than in the tubules from control animals both in the presence and absence of antidiuretic hormone. 3. This abnormality was corrected by the treatment in vivo of the adrenalectomized rats with dexamethasone, but addition of this drug to the incubation medium did not abolish the differences in cyclic AMP between tubules from adrenalectomized and normal rats. 4. The activity of adenylate cyclase or cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in vitro was not affected by adrenalectomy. 5. In glucocorticoid deficiency, the concentration of cyclic AMP in medullary tubules is increased both with and without antidiuretic hormone. This abnormality may render medullary tubules more permeable to water and may underlie the impaired water diuresis in glucocorticoid deficiency.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1977

[Mineral content of the skeleton in chronic kidney insufficiency treated with dialysis and after kidney transplantation. Results of isotope densitometry].

By means of a photon densitometer utilizing a 125I-source, bone mineral content was measured in 15 chronic renal failure patients on conservative management, 46 patients on maintenance hemodialysis and 20 patients after renal transplantation. The determinations were made at 4 sites in both radius and tibia. In patients with chronic renal failure on conservative treatment the bone mineral content did not differ significantly from that in normals. Patients on hemodialysis showed a low bone mineral content in 61 percent of females and 53 percent of males. Especially low values were obtained from 5 females who had undergone bilateral nephrectomy. After renal transplantation all female patients showed low values, whereas 50 percent of male patients showed decreased values. No correlations were found between bone mineral content and serum parameters (calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine), duration of renal failure, hemodialysis treatment or steroid medication.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Role of cyclic AMP in the natriuresis of extracellular fluid volume expansion in the dog.

1. The effect of extracellular volume expansion (ECVE) on renal production of cyclic AMP was evaluated in 19 thyroparathyroidectomized dogs. ECVE was produced by the infusion of Ringer bicarbonate solution at a rate of 2 ml min-1 kg-1 body weight; cyclic AMP was measured in plasma obtained from the aorta and renal vein and in the urine. 2. During the natriuresis of ECVE urinary excretion of cyclic AMP, the clearance of cyclic AMP, net nephrogenous cyclic AMP added both to urine and to the renal vein and hence total nephrogenous cyclic AMP increased significantly. 3. This rise in net production of cyclic AMP and a significant natriuresis by the kidney persisted for 60--90 min after discontinuation of active ECVE and return of renal plasma flow to normal. 4. The results support the notion that an increase in the production of cyclic AMP by the kidney may play a role in the natriuresis of ECVE.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1975

[Single-needle hemodialysis].

In 10 patients on chronic dialysis a new hemodialysis technique, in which the extracorporeal and patient circulations are connected by controlled bloodflow reversal using a single cannula, has been compared with the conventional two-needle method. For two control periods (two-needle dialysis) and an intermediate test period (one-needle dialysis) involving 12 hemodialyses in each case, clinical, biochemical and hematolgic values and extracorporeal hemodynamic findings were studied. During the one-needle dialysis period the incidence of dialyzer membrane ruptures or muscular cramps, body weight, blood pressure, neurologic status, serum electrolytes and uric acid, and hemolysis rates, remained unchanged. There was however a diminution of dialysis effectiveness due to a significant bloodflow reduction of 26 percent (p less than 0.001) and extracorporeal blood recirculation of 6-54 percent. Correspondingly, there was a slight rise in the pre- and post-dialysis values for serum creatinine and urea nitrogen (p less than 0.0125). The observed reduction in effectiveness with one-needle dialysis can presumably be compensated by the use of systems with low recirculation and a correspondingly longer dialysis time. If these conditions are fulfilled, one-needle dialysis is a technically acceptable procedure which is comparatively easy to carry out and involves markedly less discomfort for the patient than the conventional two-needle method.

Blood Pressure↗