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C DiGuiseppi

Publications and source records attributed to C DiGuiseppi.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Influence of changing travel patterns on child death rates from injury: trend analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To examine trends in child mortality from unintentional injury between 1985 and 1992 and to find how changes in modes of travel contributed to these trends. DESIGN: Poisson regression modelling using data from death certificates, censuses, and national travel surveys. SETTING: England and Wales. SUBJECTS: Resident children aged 0-14. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Deaths from unintentional injury and poisoning. RESULTS: Child deaths from injury declined by 34% (95% confidence interval 28% to 40%) per 100,000 population between 1985 and 1992. Substantial decreases in each of the leading causes of death from injury contributed to this overall decline. On average, children walked and cycled less distance and travelled substantially more miles by car in 1992 compared with 1985. Deaths from road traffic accidents declined for pedestrians by 24% per mile walked and for cyclists by 20% per mile cycled, substantially less than the declines per 100,000 population of 37% and 38% respectively. In contrast, deaths of occupants of motor vehicles declined by 42% per mile travelled by car compared with a 21% decline per 100,000 population. CONCLUSIONS: If trends in child mortality from injury continue the government's target to reduce the rate by 33% by the year 2005 will be achieved. A substantial proportion of the decline in pedestrian traffic and pedal cycling deaths, however, seems to have been achieved at the expense of children's walking and cycling activities. Changes in travel patterns may exact a considerable price in terms of future health problems.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1997

Children in cars.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1995

Adolescent Injury Prevention in Primary Care.

Primary care providers, on the frontline of health care delivery, have an opportunity to see adolescents in the office or clinic and to provide counseling that can reduce injuries among adolescents. After an initial discussion on the barriers to such efforts, the authors offer a framework for the role of primary care clinicians in injury prevention, with practical guidelines for implementing counseling in practice. The authors also provide extensive information on resources available to improve skills in this area and for referring patients who need additional counseling or management, and they urge that providers participate in community activities related to injury prevention.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Guidelines for clinical preventive services. Essential for nurse practitioners in practice, education, and research.

Guidelines for clinical preventive services, including counseling, screening, and immunizations, are important to nurse practitioner practice, education, and research. Delivery of clinical preventive services can be improved by the use of evidence-based guidelines, which provide recommendations on what services should be provided and who should receive them. Development of guidelines by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force is discussed, as well as principal findings that evolved from their deliberations. The authors provide a rationale and options for the development of nursing guidelines for clinical preventive services. Implementation of guidelines can be facilitated by use of the "Put Prevention Into Practice" materials.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1989

Risk of injury to children less than 5 years of age in day care versus home care settings.

Recent studies have suggested that day care may be a relatively unsafe environment. In this population-based study, the incidence of injuries in day care and home care were evaluated based on the number of hours children were exposed to each environment. In this population, 43.6% of children less than 5 years of age spent part of the year in day care. The rate of injuries in day care was 2.50 per 100,000 child-hours of exposure compared with a rate of 4.88 per 100,000 child-hours of exposure in the home environment. There were no differences in overall severity of injuries in the two groups. It was concluded that children are at no greater risk of injury in day-care settings than in the home environment.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Individual-level injury prevention strategies in the clinical setting.

Health care providers have numerous opportunities to intervene with parents and children to promote child safety practices that reduce rates of unintentional injuries. These individual-level interventions may be delivered in a variety of settings such as physician offices, clinics, emergency departments, or hospitals. This article systematically reviews 22 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the impact of interventions delivered in the clinical setting on child safety practices and unintentional injuries. The results indicate that counseling and other interventions in the clinical setting are effective at increasing the adoption of some safety practices, but not others. Specifically, motor vehicle restraint use, smoke alarm ownership, and maintenance of a safe hot tap water temperature were more likely to be adopted following interventions in the clinical setting. Clinical interventions were not proven effective at increasing a variety of safety practices designed to protect young children from injuries in the home, increasing bicycle helmet use, or reducing the occurrence of childhood injuries, though few studies examined the latter two outcomes. Clinical interventions were most effective when they combined an array of health education and behavior change strategies such as counseling, demonstrations, the provision of subsidized safety devices, and reinforcement. The article concludes with implications for research and practice.

Child↗