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Biomedical subjects

C DiIorio

Publications and source records attributed to C DiIorio.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Preferences concerning epilepsy education: opinions of nurses, physicians, and persons with epilepsy.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients with epilepsy treated in outpatient settings would prefer to receive information about epilepsy and its treatment from physicians, nurses or other health care professionals. A second purpose of this study was to determine which health care professionals physicians and nurses believe are able to teach patients about epilepsy. Participants in this study included 59 persons with epilepsy, 73 nurses caring for people with epilepsy, and 38 neurologists and neurosurgeons. Results indicated that people with epilepsy generally prefer physicians to teach about epilepsy and its treatment. Nurses received the most responses about teaching general lifestyle information. Nurses and physicians provided very similar responses to inquiries about which health care professionals were able to teach information about epilepsy. Nurse and physician participants agreed that nurses are the preferred provider of information related to psychological concerns of patients and physicians are the preferred provider of information about the cause and treatment of epilepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Recommendations by clinicians for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.

The purpose of this study was to assess both the current use of relief measures for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy among clinicians and the basis for their decisions regarding method of treatment. With the permission of conference sponsors, questionnaires on nausea and vomiting of pregnancy relief measures were distributed at a national conference for obstetrical health care providers. Of the 600 conference participants, 130 completed questionnaires. The findings of the study indicate that clinicians generally recommend eating small, frequent meals; that clinicians modify their recommendations slightly based on the severity of the symptoms; that clinicians perceive varying degrees of effectiveness of relief measures, with no one measure being totally effective; and that clinicians look to patients as the primary resource for information about nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Use of the cognitive assessment method to evaluate the adequacy of sexually transmitted disease history questions.

Cognitive assessment is an approach used to evaluate questions in survey interviews. This approach is useful in delineating measurement error due to participants' understanding of terms and interpretation of questions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of questionnaire items designed to evaluate history of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) using a cognitive assessment approach. Participants recruited from an STD clinic were asked up to six questions to assess their history of STDs. Verbal probes were used after each question in an attempt to evaluate the participants' understanding of the questions and methods they used to recall episodes of having STDs. The findings revealed that respondents did not understand the medical terms for some STDs, that the wording of one question potentially interfered with respondents' comprehension of the question, and that respondents used an episodic recall method to determine their number of previous STD infections. Cognitive assessment is a useful method for identifying potential sources of respondent-induced measurement error.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Patterns of nausea during first trimester of pregnancy.

This descriptive study examined pregnancy nausea to determine whether nausea occurred more frequently during the morning hours than during other times of day and if certain patterns of nausea exist. The 19 women who participated in the study kept daily diaries of their nausea experiences over a 7-day period, noting the time of occurrence. Nausea was reported most frequently during waking hours, ranging from 40.3% of the time between 7 p.m. and 10 p.m. and 43.9% between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m. Most nausea reported by subjects was mild, although 18% of the nausea reported between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m. was severe. Four patterns of nausea were identified: morning peak, evening peak, bimodal, and all day. Whereas some women displayed fairly consistent daily patterns of nausea, others reported variations in the occurrence or severity of nausea over the 7-day study period.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cognitive-perceptual factors associated with antiepileptic medication compliance.

The purpose of this study was to determine if selected cognitive-perceptual variables discriminated between individuals who complied with antiepileptic medication therapy and those who did not. Individuals attending an epilepsy clinic and meeting specified criteria were asked to participate. Data from 64 individuals--39 who were classified as compliant and 25 noncompliant--were analyzed using discriminant analysis. The findings revealed that intimacy/assistance, social integration/affirmation of worth, unpredictability, and ambiguity were helpful in discriminating compliant from noncompliant individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The management of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.

The focus of this article is on the current research, theories and management strategies related to simple nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP). Research related to the physiological, psychological and cultural factors associated with the expression of NVP are reviewed. The studies which have examined the effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies in the treatment of NVP are presented. The results of these studies indicate that more rigorous experimental studies are necessary. However, preliminary findings can serve as a basis for the development of nursing approaches to the treatment of simple nausea and vomiting. The findings of these studies suggest research questions for future study.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of safe sex behavior in adolescents and young adults.

The aim of this project was to develop an instrument to measure use of safe sex practices among adolescents and to conduct initial evaluation of the psychometric properties of the instrument. The Safe Sex Behavior Questionnaire (SSBQ) was designed to measure the frequency of use of safe sex practices and was assessed for content validity, reliability, and construct validity through a series of tests. The content validity index computed for the SSBQ was 98%. Initial reliability computed for sums of items of the total scale was .82 among 89 college freshmen. Using a second sample of 531 subjects, the SSBQ was factor-analyzed separately for males and females and five similar factors emerged for each gender. Reliability coefficients for sums of salient items for each factor ranged from .52 to .85. Using a third sample of 174 subjects, construct validity was assessed by correlating the SSBQ with measures of general assertiveness and general risk-taking. The resulting correlations were appreciable and in the predicted directions, thus providing support for the construct validity of the instrument.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗