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Biomedical subjects

C Dimopoulos

Publications and source records attributed to C Dimopoulos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Silver-binding nucleolar organizer regions in benign and malignant prostatic lesions.

Thirty-six transvesical or transurethral prostatectomy cases were selected from the histopathology files of the Laiko General Hospital. Among the 36 cases, there were 10 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (8 patients having distinct areas of adenosis) and 26 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma (6 grade I, 13 grades II and III and 7 grade IV carcinomas). From each case, silver-binding nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) have been counted in sections of routinely processed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. The mean AgNOR count per case was calculated. For the cases of prostatic hyperplasia, the mean AgNOR count was found to be 2.95 +/- 0.42, for adenosis 3.45 +/- 0.56, for grade I adenocarcinoma 4.97 +/- 0.74, for grades II and III 7.31 +/- 0.81 and for grade IV adenocarcinomas 11.41 +/- 1.68. This difference in the mean AgNOR count was found to be of statistical significance (p < 0.001) between adenosis and grade I adenocarcinomas and between grade II and III and grade IV adenocarcinomas. It appears that AgNOR counting may prove to be of benefit in differentiating between some benign and malignant prostatic lesions and that it might provide information concerning the biological behavior of prostatic adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

A cytologic, ultrastructural and immunocytochemical comparison of tumor cells and cell cultures originating in invasive bladder carcinoma.

Tumor cells and urine-voided cells from patients with invasive bladder carcinoma as well as from healthy patients were examined cytologically, ultrastructurally and immunocytochemically. The ultrastructure of tumor cells showed an abundant, dilated, rough endoplasmic reticulum in the form of membrane-bound vacuoles full of granular to fibrillar material located perinuclearly and/or paranuclearly. Some cells exhibited enlarged modified lysosomes containing sparce flocculent and particulate precipitate. Papanicolaou staining of these cells showed two basophilic cytoplasmic textures, one green glossy-patchy, perinuclearly and/or paranuclearly, well segregated from the other texture of peripheral hematoxylinophilic foamy cytoplasm, comparable to the cytologic features of cell cultures originating in invasive bladder carcinoma. PAS diastase showed double distribution and texture of the perinuclear glycosaminoglycans, a glossy accumulated mass and large granules. Glycosaminoglycan sacs similar to those of cell cultures were also present in tumor-dispersed cells. There was a nonspecific binding of antisera against lysozyme, human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha 1-trypsin in normal and tumor cells. Tumor cells and tissues were positive for alpha 1-chymotrypsin distributed perinuclearly and in large spheres. Normal cells lacked the above characteristics. The results indicate that it is feasible to use the aforementioned characteristics in conjunction with the existing bladder-cytologic criteria for malignancy as markers in urothelial cancer with regard to prognosis of superficial tumors with high malignant potential.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1992

Nucleolar organizer regions in prostatic adenocarcinomas. Comparison with flow cytometric analysis, tumor grade, stage and serum prostate-specific antigen levels.

Twenty-eight cases of prostatic adenocarcinomas have been selected and the mean argyrophil nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) count for each case was evaluated. Nine of these tumors were of high, 13 of median and 6 of low differentiation. It was found that as the tumors became less differentiated, the AgNOR count increased (p less than 0.001). Stage of the disease, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value, and DNA ploidy of all these cases have been examined as well but no statistically significant correlation among these three parameters and the AgNOR count was found.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Non functioning adrenocortical carcinoma. A rare case.

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare tumor and experience in its diagnosis and treatment is limited. We present a case of non functioning adrenocortical carcinoma in which the pre-operative diagnosis of a kidney tumor had been made and a radical nephrectomy was performed.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy or extracorporeal piezoelectric lithotripsy? Comparison of costs and results.

One thousand patients with renal stones up to 3 cm in diameter were divided equally into 2 groups matched for age, sex and stone size. One group was treated on the Dornier HM3 lithotriptor and the other on the EDAP LT01. The results showed that for stones less than 1 cm both lithotriptors were equally effective, with a stone-free rate of 87.5% for the Dornier and 90.4% for the EDAP at 3 months. The success rate fell more steeply for the EDAP machine, however, to become 77.2 and 42.5% respectively as the stone size increased to 3 cm. Treatment time was longer on the EDAP lithotriptor and more sessions were required but patients preferred it to the Dornier. Running costs per patient were higher on the EDAP.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Effect of drugs on crystal adhesion to injured urothelium.

The normal urothelium is covered by a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer which acts as a barrier to the adhesion of crystals. Destruction of the GAG layer increases the number of adhered crystals, and it is therefore assumed that it promotes crystal growth and stone formation. Intravesical instillation of pentosanpolysulfate, an exogenous glycosaminoglycan, after destruction of this layer reduces the adhesion of crystals to the urothelium. Intramuscular administration of carbenoxolone sodium following the experimental destruction of the GAG layer increases the rate of healing of the layer and reduces the number of adhered crystals.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1990

Prostatic-type epithelium in urinary bladder. Clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical study.

Six cases of urinary bladder mucosa with prostate-type epithelium were studied clinically, morphologically, and immunohistochemically. All patients were male with an average age of fifty-three years; most presented with painless hematuria. Histologically, two types of lesions were observed, the polypoid located in various sites of the bladder wall and the flat lesion found in the bladder neck. Both lesions shared in common a prostatic-type and transitional surface epithelium while prostatic-type glands were prominent in the polypoid lesion. The prostatic-type epithelium was confirmed immunohistochemically by detection of prostatic specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase. Based on specific findings we considered the metaplasia as the most reliable histogenetic aspect.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

[Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: our experience in 5,000 cases].

The authors report their experience on 7,500 patients who underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL1). The first 6,800 were treated with the standard Dornier HM-3 lithotripter, while the remaining 700 were treated with the modified HM-3 machine equipped with the new ellipsoid (and the double-shot generator). The authors present the results and conclusions from their experience with 5,000 ESWL treatments which were performed at their Urology Department. An analysis is made on patient age, sex, stone site, duration of sessions, average number of shock waves used, exposure time, number of electrodes per session, retreatments, and results achieved relative to stone size. Furthermore, the authors report on the complications and treatment in special cases; i. e., patients with horseshoe kidneys, solitary kidneys, spinal cord lesions, radiolucent calculi, hemophilia, and staghorn stones. The mean duration of treatment was 37 minutes. The average number of shock waves used was 1,703. The mean radiation exposure time was 1.9 minutes. Two electrodes per session were required in 48% of the patients. Three months following lithotripsy, 72% of the patients were stone-free, 19% had small remaining stone fragments, and 9% had unimportant stone particles.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The effect of pentosanpolysulphate and carbenoxolone on bacterial adherence to the injured urothelium.

The effect of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer on the adherence of Escherichia coli to the bladder urothelium of rats has been studied. The study was performed by destroying the GAG layer and the changes were observed using the electron microscope. Bacterial adherence to the bladder with a destroyed GAG layer was much higher than to the normal bladder. Following the destruction of the GAG layer, the instillation of sodium pentosanpolysulphate significantly reduced the adhesion of bacteria. Prophylactic intramuscular administration of carbenoxolone increased the speed of regeneration of the destroyed GAG layer.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Intravesical formalin for the control of intractable bladder haemorrhage secondary to radiation cystitis or bladder cancer.

During the last two years, 17 patients with haemorrhage due to radiation cystitis or bladder cancer have been treated by intravesical infusion of 10% Formalin solution. The results were very good in 9 cases, satisfactory in 3, while the remaining 5 cases were disappointing. The control of bleeding by Formalin was safe especially in patients with secondary haemorrhage due to radiation cystitis with no tumour recurrence.

Aged↗