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C Duangmani

Publications and source records attributed to C Duangmani.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Vertical transmission of enteric pathogens at birth.

To determine how frequently mothers infect their infants with enteric pathogens at birth, stools were collected from 75 Thai mothers immediately before delivery and from their infants 24-48 h later. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) were isolated from 25 of the 75 mothers just prior to delivery (32%), enteroviruses from six (8%), enterotoxigenic E. coli from five (7%), and shigella, salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus each from one (1%). EPEC serotype 0128:K67 was isolated from one mother and from her infant, neither of whom had diarrhoea. Cultures from the other 74 mother-infant pairs did not detect identical enteric pathogens. Eighteen infants, nine of whose mothers submitted stools prior to delivery, developed diarrhoea within 5 days of birth. Five infants were infected with ETEC (28%), three with EPEC serotype 020a020cK61 (17%), one with Campylobacter jejuni (6%), and one with rotavirus (6%). None of these enteropathogens was found in 66 infants without diarrhoea. ECHO viruses of two different serotypes were isolated from two of 18 newborns with diarrhoea and unidentified enteroviruses from three of 66 without diarrhoea. Mothers and nurses are frequently infected with enteric pathogens in Thailand, but transmission to newborns at birth appears to be uncommon.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

Diagnosis of gonorrhoea using a genetic transformation test at a venereal disease clinic in Thailand.

A genetic transformation test (GTT), a technique in which gonococcal DNA is detected in clinical specimens, was used to search for Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in 37 men and 159 women at the Venereal Disease clinic in Cholburi, Thailand. Swabs were collected in duplicate from cervical specimens from 159 women and from urethral specimens from 37 men. One of each specimen was cultured on Thayer-Martin media while the other was mailed to the United States at room temperature for the GTT which involved a delay of 10 to 14 days. With the urethral specimens N. gonorrhoeae was identified in 84% (31/37) of specimens and there was 100% concordance between the results of the GTT and culturing specimens directly on Thayer-Martin media. With cervical specimens N. gonorrhoeae was isolated from 26% (41/159) by the standard culture technique and 19% (13/159) by the GTT. Seventy-six percent of the culture positive specimens were positive with the GTT and two specimens from which N. gonorrhoeae were not isolated were positive in the GTT. The GTT technique enables physicians to send swab collected from patient with suspected gonorrhoea without any special transport media to a central laboratory for laboratory diagnosis of gonorrhoeal infections. This technique which uses reagents which are available in most bacteriology laboratories, should facilitate surveillance of gonorrhoea especially when specimens are collected in clinics where bacteriology laboratory facilities are not available.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1981

Effect of antibiotics on the prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in two populations in the Philippines.

Hostesses and restaurant employees in the Philippines were studied to determine whether an increased use of antibiotics was associated with a higher point prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Of 1,030 hostesses and 628 restaurant employees, 28 and 4%, respectively, said that they had taken antibiotics within a week of being cultured (P less than 0.001). Of hostesses and restaurant employees, 10% (103 of 1,030) and 2% (14 of 628), respectively, had antibiotics detectable in their urine (P less than 0.001). Enterotoxigenic E. coli strains were isolated from 1.2% (12 of 1,030) of hostesses and 1.7% (11 of 628) of restaurant employees. In both populations, enterotoxigenic E. coli strains were never found in subjects who had antibacterial activity in their urine. Although resistance to two or more antibiotics was found more frequently in E. coli isolated from hostesses than in that isolated from restaurant workers (48 versus 33%; P less than 0.01), antibiotic selective pressure did not increase the prevalence of enterotoxigenic E. coli in these two populations.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Viruses and bacteria in pediatric diarrhea in Thailand: a study of multiple antibiotic-resistant enteric pathogens.

Children with diarrhea admitted to a rehydration ward of a children's hospital in Bangkok were investigated to determine the prevalence of enteric pathogens, the extent of children's previous antibiotic therapy, and the frequency of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance among infecting bacteria. Rotavirus (36%), enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (18%), Shigella (9%), Salmonella (6%), Campylobacter jejuni/coli (4%), and Vibrio cholerae (2%) infections were among 105 children with diarrhea. Antibiotics were detected in 29% of urines collected from children on admission. All Shigella, 83% of enterotoxigenic E. coli, and 40% of Salmonella were resistant to more than one antibiotic. Sixty-two percent of 24 antibiotic-resistant enteric pathogens transferred R factors to E. coli K12 by conjugation. Four of four multiresistant E. coli that produced heat-labile and heat-stable toxin transferred resistance and the ability to produce heat-labile toxin. An analysis of plasmids by agarose gel electrophoresis indicated enterotoxigenicity and antibiotic resistance were associated with separate plasmids in transconjugants from these six matings. Antibiotics are used frequently in the treatment of pediatric diarrhea in Bangkok, which has undoubtedly contributed to the high frequency of plasmid-mediated resistance among enteric pathogens.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1980

Resistance to penicillin and identification of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae among clinical isolates in Thailand.

Penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae from 405 patients were studied by determination of penicillin minimal inhibitory concentrations an penicillinase production. Eighteen percent were identified as penicillin-producing N. gonorrhoeae and the mean minimal inhibitory concentration, for all except penicillin-producing strains, was 0.805 micrograms/ml.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Maternal carrier rates of potentially pathogenic organisms in Bangkok, Thailand.

One hundred and four healthy women delivering infants at the Royal Thai Army Hospital, Bangkok, were sampled by rectal swab for the laboratory isolation and identification of enteric bacteria of medical importance. Seventeen percent of these women had significant isolates as Salmonella, Shigella and Vibrio species. Serotypically enteropathogenic Escherichia coli were also identified in 31% of the mothers.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1976

Oropharyngeal gonorrhea during pregnancy.

The frequency of oropharyngeal infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae in pregnant women was studied in two prenatal clinics in Bandkok, Thailand. A third group of women visiting a dental clinic on a routine basis was included for comparison purposes. Group I, from an American dependent clinic, had an oropharyngeal infection rate of 15% while only 0.7% had cervical infections. None had infections in more than one site. In Group III, from a Thai clinic, no patients had oropharyngeal infections while 11.9% had infections from either the cervix or rectum or both. One and eight-tenths percent of the patients attending the dental clinic had oropharyngeal infections. Oropharyngeal gonorrhea was found in a prenatal population of American military dependents at a high rate. We propose that all women visiting a prenatal clinic routinely have their oropharynx cultured for N gonorrhoeae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Changing penicillin resistance of the gonococcus in Thailand.

Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of penicillin in units per milliliter were determined for 2.241 gonococcal isolates submitted to the SEATO Medical Research Laboratory between January 1, 1972, and December 31, 1974. Isolates were separated into 3 groups, determined by the calender year in which they were submitted. The mean penicillin MIC+/-2 standard errors was calculated for each of the 3 groups. These values were 0.58+/-0.02 units/ml in 1972, 0.72+/-0.04 units/ml in 1973, and 1.05+/-0.04 units/ml in 1974. These means were found to be significantly different (p less than 0.0001).

Gonorrhea↗
PubMed1972

Clinical evaluation of co-trimoxazole and furazolidone in treatment of shigellosis in children.

Co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole) was compared with furazolidone in the treatment of shigellosis in two groups of 33 and 30 patients respectively. Those treated with co-trimoxazole recovered more quickly; none had shigellae in the faeces four days after the start of treatment, whereas in the group given furazolidone eight still had positive stool cultures seven days after treatment.The susceptibility of 104 shigella strains to seven antimicrobial agents was studied by plate dilution technique. All agents but tetracycline and chloramphenicol were found highly effective against most of the strains tested. All shigella isolates were resistant to sulphamethoxazole, and 63% were sensitive to trimethoprim. Potentiation of trimethoprim by sulphamethoxazole was shown in that all strains tested became sensitive to the combination of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole in a ratio of 1:20.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic sensitivities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Far East: comparison of plasmid species in isolates from six countries.

In vitro susceptibility testing of 36 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in the Far East in 1979 and 1980 demonstrated that 27 penicillinase-producing (PPNG) isolates and nine non-penicillinase-producing (non-PPNG) isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, spectinomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefoperazone, moxalactam, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone. In comparison, 50% of the strains had MICs of tetracycline of greater than 2 micrograms/ml, and 75% had MICs, of streptomycin of greater than 128 micrograms/ml. Eighty-two per cent of PPNG and 100% of non-PPNG isolates examined had MICs of kanamycin of greater than 32 micrograms/ml. None of the nine non-PPNG strains had MICs of ampicillin and penicillin of greater than 1 microgram/ml. A 4.4-megadalton plasmid, previously associated with beta-lactamase production, was found in all 27 PPNG isolates examined; 93% of PPNG and 22% of non-PPNG isolates contained a 24-megadalton plasmid previously associated with transfer of the 4.4-megadalton plasmid.

Ampicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of Haemophilus ducreyi in penile ulcers in Bangkok, Thailand.

In October 1982, penile ulcers were identified in 248 (19%) of 1282 men at Bangrak Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. The etiology of the ulcers was determined for 120 (48%) of these patients. Haemophilus ducreyi was isolated from 45 (38%), herpes simplex virus from 14 (12%), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae from two (2%) of 120 patients. Syphilis was detected in one patient. Two patients had both H. ducreyi and herpes simplex virus isolated from the same ulcer. Thirty-five per cent of patients had a single ulcer, 56% had two to four ulcers, and 9% had more than four. Ulcers were located on the prepuce or coronal sulcus (69%), frenulum (18%), shaft (9%), and glans (4%). Inguinal adenopathy was present in only 11% of patients. H. ducreyi infection was diagnosed by gram stain in 28 (62%) of 45 patients from whom H. ducreyi was isolated and in only one of 75 patients from whom H. ducreyi was not isolated. Of the 45 isolates of H. ducreyi, 42 (93%) were isolated with use of media containing horse blood and 34 (76%) with use of media containing rabbit blood.

Adolescent↗