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Biomedical subjects

C E Branch

Publications and source records attributed to C E Branch.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Is there a need for improved pharmacy services to the operating theatre?

A study to assess the control and handling of drugs within an operating theatre complex (10 theatres) of an 850-bed hospital, has revealed the presence of unusable medication and thus highlighted the need for improved pharmacy services. The aims and objectives of the pharmacy department to enhance such services included improvement of drug control of stock medication and the introduction of clinical pharmacy services within the operating theatre. To undertake this, three systems were evaluated with reference to systems already in use in the U.S.A. Operating theatre visits by a clinical pharmacist, coupled with the expansion of the existing drug distribution service, were identified as the most cost-effective methods that would allow the objectives to be met. Consequently, this has now been implemented within the operating theatre complex.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1990

A comparison of interactive videodisc instruction with live animal laboratories.

This study compared interactive videodisc-simulated laboratories with two types of traditional labs: a traditional general cardiovascular physiology participation lab and a traditional fibrillation/positive pressure ventilation demonstration lab. The two laboratory sections (a total of 85 first-year veterinary medical students) were divided into 12 lab groups of 3-4 students per lab section. These groups were randomly assigned to either a traditional live animal laboratory or an interactive videodisc-simulated laboratory to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of these methods in teaching physiology. A 22-item, multiple-choice/short answer test was given to all students after the laboratories. In both the participation and the demonstration laboratories, there were no significant differences between group test scores of the interactive videodisc groups and the live animal laboratory groups, but there were differences in time spent by both students and instructors. It was concluded that the interactive videodisc-simulated lab was as effective as the traditional live-animal labs and was more time efficient than the traditional participation lab.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cardiovascular responses in turkeys as affected by diurnal variation and stressors.

Ten hypertensive (hyper) and hypotensive (hypo) turkeys of both sexes were used to evaluate the effect of various stimuli on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). Blood pressures were recorded from the brachial artery via a catheter and radio telemetric system. After a 48 hr baseline monitoring, the birds were subjected to exercise, fright, and mating and the BP and HR changes recorded. Mean arterial BP was 4.5 mm Hg less during night than day, and the BP of the hyper strain was significantly (P less than or equal to .05) higher than the hypo strain. Tracings from quiescent birds revealed fluctuations in BP that varied by 100 mm Hg. These were unexplainable fluctuations and occurred in both hyper and/or hypo birds at various times. The application of various stressful situations, such as exercise and fright, had little effect on BP but appeared to cause marked changes in HR. The highest recorded BP occurred during one of the mating exercises where systolic BP approached 350 mm Hg and HR increased by approximately 100%. Noises created with dog whistles and a .22 caliber pistol shot did not cause marked changes in BP and HR.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Choroid plexus papilloma and infantile spasms.

A 7-month-old infant had the infantile spasm syndrome, consisting of flexor and extensor spasms, developmental delay, and hypsarrhythmia. Corticotropin produced delay, and hypsarrhythmia. Corticotropin produced improvement in the clinical symptoms and reverted the generalized electroencephalographic abnormalities to more focal ones. Removal of a choroid plexus papilloma of the left lateral ventricle was followed by clinical recovery. One year later the child was normal developmentally and neurologically and was seizure free on anticonvulsant therapy.

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Prolonged neonatal myasthenia gravis: electrophysiological studies.

A female infant with neonatal myasthenia gravis remained weak for an excessively long period compared to the usual situation in this disease process. At 71 days of age, electrophysiological studies revealed evidence of a defect in neuromuscular transmission that improved with intravenous Tensilon therapy. Repeat study at 183 days of age was normal. This case represents an unusually long time for an affected infant to have neonatal myasthenia gravis. Electrophysiological studies are of value in the diagnosis and management of patients with neonatal myasthenia gravis.

Edrophonium↗
PubMed1978

Systemic lupus erythematosus, myasthenia gravis, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Clinical, electrophysiological, and laboratory data are reported on a 21-year-old black woman with systemic lupus erythematosus, myasthenia gravis, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. The first two diseases are related by similar pathogenetic mechanisms. To our knowledge, this is the first patient reported with this unusual combination of rare diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Digital stimulator control system for introducing premature stimuli.

A control system to convert a general-purpose stimulator into one which will generate premature stimuli at variable but controlled intervals is described. The control system was developed to sense spontaneous cardiac depolarizations and inject premature stimuli at preset elapsed times after every 10th or every spontaneous depolarization. The delay may be set by an analog circuit or by digital thumb-wheel switches. The output of the stimulator also may be coupled to the input, permitting the use of the system as a standard asynchronous stimulator with digital control of the pulse interval. A block diagram is presented to permit duplication of the system using standard digital and analog integrated circuits.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

De subitaneis mortibus. XV. Hereditary stenosis of the His bundle in Pug dogs.

Syncope and sudden death occurs in certain purebred Pug dogs which have been found to have intermittent sinus pauses and paroxysmal second degree heart block on electrocardiographic (ECG) study. We have established a colony of such dogs to study this problem and here report the results of histological examination of the cardiac conduction system in twenty-one of them. These include a dam which may be considered the proband, three of her offspring (two littermates) and three fetal pups in an unborn litter of one of these; three of the four adult dogs died suddenly and unexpectedly. Two groups of puppies descendants of these lines were also studied after they all died within three days of birth. The first group of puppies (8) did not have suitable ECG studies but the second group (6) did and showed ECG changes similar to those in the adult dogs. In all 21 dogs the sinus node was anatomically normal, but in every one there was significant stenosis of the midportion of the His bundle. There was no abnormality of the atrioventricular (A-V) node or of the bundle branches, and the cardiac valves and coronary arteries were normal. Two pups had ventricular septal defects and one of these had an atrial defect as well. All the dogs were of the normal fawn color, had a normal physical appearance and no visible evidence of associated extracardiac abnormalities. The adult dogs were able to hear normally but the puppies died too early to test their hearing. The paroxysmal heart block may in part be attributable to the abnormality in the His bundle, but other factors possibly leading to heart block and long sinus pauses are discussed. Stenosis of the midportion of the His bundle appears to be a heritable trait in these purebred Pug dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Frequency of second-degree atrioventricular heart blocks in dogs.

Clinically normal adult dogs and pups 8 to 24 weeks of age were monitored for 2nd-degree atrioventricular (AV) heart block. Radiotelemetry was used to obtain the electrocardiogram (ECG) of resting, unanesthetized, unrestrained dogs. Second-degree AV heart block was detected in 64% of 11 adult dogs and 100% of 12 pups between 8 and 11 weeks of age. The dropped beats, prolonged P-R intervals, and prolonged P-P intervals appeared to be associated with the respiratory cycle. Atropine quickly reduced the frequence of dropped beats. It was concluded that occasional dropped ventricular beats due to 2nd-degree AV heart block may be normal in dogs, especially young dogs.

Animals↗