PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C E Elliott

Publications and source records attributed to C E Elliott.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Obstetrics in a small maternity hospital.

This paper presents the case for continuing to practise safe obstetrics in a small suburban hospital. Boothville Maternity Hospital, Brisbane, is a Salvation Army hospital of 20 beds. Seven thousand births during the years 1975 to 1989 are reported. Perinatal mortality rate was 4.9/1000 total births, forceps rate 7.1%, caesarean rate 9.3% and transfer rate to larger centres 1.6% for babies and 1.2% for mothers. Personalised family-centred care in congenial surroundings serves to maximise the factors that favour uncomplicated delivery. Large centralised and small peripheral hospitals should be seen not as competitive but as complementary. Boothville provides mutually satisfying co-operation for care-givers and care-receivers.

Family↗
PubMed1991

Ten cases of acute lead intoxication among bridge workers in Louisiana.

We report the cases of ten construction workers who developed acute lead intoxication while repairing a bridge in Louisiana. All but one patient received a five-day course of edetate calcium disodium (calcium EDTA) chelation therapy; one patient received five doses instead of five days of treatment. Calcium EDTA 25 mg/kg q12h was administered for ten consecutive doses by intravenous infusion over two hours. Each dose was diluted in NaCl 0.9% 500 mL. No adverse drug effects were observed during treatment. The posttreatment mean whole blood lead (PbB) concentration was significantly reduced compared with the pretreatment mean PbB (1.48 +/- 0.70 vs. 3.8 +/- 1.68 mumol/L; p = 0.0012, Student's paired t-test). This indicates that the body lead burden of these patients was effectively reduced with calcium EDTA. Eight patients had complaints on admission that were suggestive of lead intoxication. These included malaise, numbness of the extremities, arthralgia, myalgia, abdominal discomfort, sleep disturbance, and lower back pain. Patients had no complaints on discharge. Eight patients had mild anemia that was consistent with acute lead intoxication (mean pretreatment hemoglobin (+/- SD), 128.6(+/- 17.2 g/L), but calcium EDTA therapy did not appear to effect any change in the pretreatment hemoglobin values. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) lead standard requires that manufacturers provide employees at risk for occupational lead exposures with proper respirators and medical surveillance to prevent lead intoxication. The construction industry is exempted from these standards except in Maryland. We believe that amendment of the OSHA lead standards, to provide specific lead regulation of the construction industry, would be helpful in preventing similar cases of occupational lead intoxication.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Studies on the effect of chronic consumption of moderate amounts of ethanol on male rat hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing activity.

Weanling, male Sprague-Dawley rats given 10% ethanol in the drinking water and food ad lib. for up to 8 weeks consumed 17% of their calories as ethanol. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and liver histology by light microscopy were unaffected by this treatment. Similarly, hepatic microsomal NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, ethylmorphine N-demethylase and benzphetamine N-demethylase activities were also not affected by ethanol consumption. On the other hand, cytochrome P-450 content, aniline hydroxylase activity and acetaminophen metabolism as measured by both the cysteine conjugate and the [3H]acetaminophen covalently-bound to microsomal protein were increased significantly by ethanol consumption. The maximal effect was seen by 6 weeks. The 2- to 3-fold increase in aniline and acetaminophen metabolism, the absence of liver damage, and the similarity in weight gains and caloric intakes for controls and treated animals suggest that the rat on 10% ethanol in the drinking water is a reasonable model for studies of the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on specific biochemical pathways.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enkephalinase inhibition and precursor amino acid loading improves inpatient treatment of alcohol and polydrug abusers: double-blind placebo-controlled study of the nutritional adjunct SAAVE.

We investigated the effects of the amino acid and vitamin mixture SAAVE in inpatient, chemically-dependent subjects to evaluate the role of neurotransmitters in facilitating recovery and adjustment to a detoxified, sober state. SAAVE is formulated from amino acids that are precursors for neurotransmitters and neuromodulators thought to be involved in alcohol and drug seeking behavior. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of 62 alcoholics and polydrug abusers, SAAVE patients had a significantly reduced stress response as measured by the skin conductance level (SCL), and significantly improved Physical Scores and BESS Scores (behavioral, emotional, social and spiritual). After detoxification there was a six-fold decrease in AMA rates when comparing SAAVE vs. placebo groups. In this inpatient treatment experience SAAVE facilitated the rate of recovery and allowed patients to respond more fully and more quickly to the behavioral goals of the program, for example as measured by the BESS Score. The use of SAAVE to achieve enkephalinase inhibition and precursor amino acid loading in the acute inpatient treatment environment provides the practitioner with the potential ability to restore the neurochemical changes inherent to alcoholism and drug abuse. These findings increase our understanding of the clinically relevant neurobiological mechanisms which underlie compulsive disease.

Alcoholism↗