PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C E Joseph

Publications and source records attributed to C E Joseph.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Acyclovir and herpesvirus infections. A review of the literature.

Acyclovir (Zovirax) is a qualified success as an effective and nontoxic antiviral chemotherapeutic agent and at present is approved for the treatment of initial genital herpes and limited life-threatening cutaneous herpes simplex viral infections in the immunocompromised host. Its efficacy in Epstein-Barr, varicella-zoster, and cytomegalorvirus infections appears less promising. According to one controlled study, its efficacy in the treatment of herpes labialis (HSV-1) infections has been disappointing. The highly selective action of acyclovir against viral DNA polymerase and its inhibition of viral DNA chain elongation result in a low incidence of human (host cell) toxicity, as manifested by local irritation at injection sites and a modest incidence of adverse renal effects, which can be reduced by judicious drug use. Newer antiviral agents now under development hold substantial promise for the future of antiviral chemotherapy.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1984

Current status of periodontal dressings.

A comprehensive review of periodontal dressings is presented. The rationale for the application of dressings, their advantages and disadvantages are described. Tissue reactions to dressings and the therapeutic and adverse effects of antimicrobial agents used in dressings are discussed. The present status and value of a surgical dressing is critically assessed in view of recent studies which indicate that the routine use of dressings in postsurgical care may be either unnecessary or undesirable.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The functional role of the carbohydrate in human melanoma associated antigens. I. Antigen-antibody complex formation.

Messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNA) for tumor associated antigens (TAA) were isolated from human melanotic melanoma (HMMC-ShA, HMMC-WJP) and amelanotic melanoma (HMMC-Sr, HMMC-KM) cells. The melanoma cells were cultured in standard Eagle's MEM and in MEM supplemented with tunicamycin (Tu). The mRNAs were translated in vitro using wheat germ system. Using a standard immunodiffusion system, TAA from melanoma cells harvested from standard MEM differed from the TAA obtained from cells harvested from MEM supplemented with Tu, whereas, TAA pretreated with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase resembled TAA of cells harvested from MEM supplemented with Tu. The translation products synthesized by mRNA of melanotic melanoma cells resembled TAA extracted directly with 3 M KCl from the cells, but differed from TAA isolated directly from the cells or synthesized by mRNA from amelanotic melanoma cells. Therefore, the melanotic melanoma differed from the amelanotic melanoma cells in their genetic expression. The TAA-immunological reactivities are modulated by a post-translation step regulating genetic expression.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1982

Perchloric acid-soluble serum glycoprotein as an index for tumor cell burden in the early detection of cancer.

Neoplastic cells, particularly human mammary carcinoma cells, shed or secrete glycoproteins which are tumor-specific. These compounds contain N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) and they differ from the bulk of serum proteins and glycoproteins in being soluble in perchloric acid. Graded number of R3230 adenocarcinoma (AdCa) cells were implanted subcutaneously in groups of female Fisher rats. At time intervals, while under anesthesia the spleens were dissected out, and blood was drawn from the animals. The blood was examined for NANA levels and the spleen cells for lymphocyte migration inhibition. The serum perchloric acid (PA) soluble proteins and the PA-NANA levels were time-dependent and increased with the number of implanted tumor cells. Maximum levels were found in sera from blood drawn 196 hours or later from animals which received 1,000 tumor cells/rat, or more. At 72 hours or more after tumor cell implantation, migration of splenic lymphocytes from animals which received 100 or more R3230 AdCa cells per animal was inhibited on contact with neuraminidase-treated formalinized R3230 AdCa cells. The magnitude of inhibition increased with time and with the number of implanted tumor cells. Therefore, blood PA-NANA levels and lymphocyte migration inhibition rae parameters for the in-vivo early detection and monitor tumor cell proliferation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

In vivo malignant transformation of cells from human oral lichen planus lesions.

When incubated in presence of patient's serum, but not normal serum, and complement, oral mucosa cells from patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) clumped together, the cell membrane was destroyed and the cells lysed. Whereas, cells from healthy volunteers maintained their morphology. Sixty to seventy days after inoculation into a thymic Nu/Nu BALB/c nude mice, cells from OLP lesions produced lesions in the recipient animals. Histological examination of these lesions showed hyperplasia with increased number of mitotic figures and dyskeratosis. These lesions resembled severe dysplasia and early squamous cell carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Structural changes in rabbit oral epithelium caused by zinc deficiency.

We report the successful establishment of zinc deficiency in rabbits by dietary means. The soybean protein of a standard rabbit diet was replaced by egg albumin. Weanling, New Zealand white rabbits, were fed a low zinc diet containing 1.5 microgram Zn/g of diet. Zinc-deficient rabbits showed stunted growth, weight loss, altered posture, partial alopecia and crusting of skin. Structural alterations in oral epithelium of the zinc-deficient rabbits included in the tongue flattened filiform papillae showing parakeratosis, in the cheek parakeratosis of the normally nonkeratinized epithelium and hyperplasia of the lip epidermis.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

An ultrastructural study of the formation of "dark" and "light" cytoplasmic inclusions by murine cytomegalovirus in mouse submandibular gland.

Electron micrographs of acinar cells of the submandibular glands of CFW mice infected with murine cytomegalovirus, Smith strain, were studied. The resulting viral intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were classified into two groups termed "light" (relatively electron-lucent) and "dark" (relatively electron-dense). It appeared that the "dark" type was the late stage of inclusion body maturation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinoembryonic antigen from human malignant melanoma cells. I. Production and shedding characteristics.

Two major findings are reported in the present studies: (a) Long-term cultivation, followed by cloning, of a human malignant melanoma HMMC-ShA cell line gave melanotic and amelanotic cell variants. During in vitro proliferation, the melanotic melanoma (HMMC-ShAE+) cells released carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and an inhibitor of phytohaemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte stimulation. Gel filtration patterns of CEA on Sephadex-G200 varied from one culture condition to another. Glycosylation-deficient CEA obtained from cells harvested from media supplemented with non-toxic levels of tunicamycin showed lower molecular weight and delayed filtration through Sephadex-G200. (b) Human melanotic melanoma (HMMC-ShAE+) differed from amelanotic melanoma (HMMC-ShA-) and glycosylation-deficient cells in the amount of CEA and in the suppression of lymphocyte response activity which they shed into the medium and as well as in oncogenicity in athymic nu/nu BALB/c mice.

Animals↗