Biomedical subjects

C E Prasad

Publications and source records attributed to C E Prasad.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm in schoolchildren: an urban-rural comparison.

To study the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB), 400 schoolchildren, aged 7-15 years, 200 each from urban and rural areas were administered a standard respiratory questionnaire, spirometry and exercise challenge. The study documented a higher prevalence of EIB in urban areas compared with rural area, 13 vs. 10 per cent. The family members of urban children had significant histories of asthma and allergy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Spirometric studies of the subjects in an active area of Hyderabad A.P.

Study area is the "All India Industrial Exhibition", Hyderabad in the heart of the Hi-tech city with 2000 stalls/pavilions. It is visited by nearly 20 lakh people every year in 45 days of exhibition. Persons actively involved in All India Industrial Exhibition are selected for the spirometric studies. Selected subjects were administered the ATS Questionnaire. Data pertaining to age sex status, occupation, general health, family background for allergy, asthma, lung cancer, etc. Their lung efficiency is spirometrically studied. They were also administered 2.5 mg Salbutamol. People complaining about cough, sputum, wheeze, running nose/stuffy nose, sneeze, dyspnoea were categorized as suffering from sinusitis, rhinitis and chronic bronchitis. People from Salbutamol reversibility of airflow obstruction were diagnosed as asthmatics. Analysis of variance, multiple comparison test, student-t-test and normal curve test were used for statistical analysis. Present study reveals a direct relation between polluted air and respiratory morbidity.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Respiratory symptoms and spirometric observations in relation to atmospheric pollutants in a sample of urban population.

The prevalence of respiratory problems and the ventilatory functions in subjects belonging to three sample areas with different levels of pollution was studied to ascertain if there is any association between air pollutant levels and abnormal ventilatory functions. The predominant activity existing in that area served as the basis for stratification of the city into industrial (Group I), commercial (Group II) and residential (Group III) areas. Ambient air quality data of suspended particulate matter SPM, SO2 and NOx of the three sample areas were measured using standard methods. 216 men included in the study were administered the American Thoracic Society--Division of Lung Diseases ATS-DLD respiratory questionnaire, clinically examined and subjected to routine laboratory investigations. Spirometry and salbutamol reversibility tests were performed as per the ATS guidelines 1991. The mean and peak levels of SPM in the commercial area and the peak levels in the residential area were higher than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The mean and peak levels of NOx and SO2 in all the three areas were lower than the NAAQS. A high prevalence of approximately 30-50% of respiratory symptoms was reported in the present study. Respiratory and ventilatory abnormalities were higher in the commercial areas, which are associated with the higher mean and peak levels of SO2 and the peak levels of NOx. The pollution control measures should also aim at the peak levels of pollutants as they have been shown to exacerbate the respiratory symptoms in the present study.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Detection of rifampicin-induced nephrotoxicity by N-acetyl-3-D-glucosaminidase activity.

The objective of the present study was to assess renal damage, if any, by non-invasive technique, viz NAG activity in urine and GFR in patients on continuous and intermittent rifampicin therapy. Eighty-four tuberculosis patients for cross-sectional study and six subjects for longitudinal study on antitubercular therapy and ten patients on withdrawal of rifampicin participated in the investigation; 13 leprosy patients intermittently treated with rifampicin were also included. Twenty-seven normal subjects served as controls. Rifampicin on continuous use resulted in a progressive increase in enzymuria with no change in GFR. An additive toxic effect was obvious in patients receiving streptomycin; when the treatment was withdrawn the urinary NAG activity stabilized within 15-21 days. However, patients receiving rifampicin intermittently did not show any evidence of renal damage. The results suggest that there is a need for monitoring renal damage, particularly on antitubercular therapy, when nephrotoxic agents are administered together.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗

PubMed1991

Tuberculosis of the lacrimal gland.

A case of tuberculous dacryoadenitis with abscess formation resolving completely with anti-tuberculous chemotherapy is presented. The growth of acid-fast bacilli in culture from the pus is noteworthy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Recurrent pneumothoraces in miliary tuberculosis.

An 18-year-old female patient with miliary tuberculosis presented with bilateral, simultaneous pneumothoraces, which were recurrent with a bronchopleural fistula. The recurrent pneumothoraces were managed with tube thoracostomy and pleurodesis. Various possible pathogenetic mechanisms of this rare complication are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic dysfunction in undernourished patients receiving isoniazid and rifampicin.

Adult undernourished tuberculous patients receiving isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol were evaluated clinically and biochemically for hepatic dysfunction. The nutritional status was assessed by body-mass index, serum albumin and haemoglobin. While only 11% of the patients developed jaundice, the majority of the patients had a significant elevation of the serum hepatic enzymes suggesting subclinical hepatotoxicity. A significant downward trend during the 3-6 months period was seen in patients with multiple estimations of SGOT and SGPT indicating a self-limiting toxic process. However, the continued elevation of GGT suggests enzyme induction by rifampicin. Undernutrition contributes to drug toxicity by various mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the nutritional status of the tuberculous patients receiving drugs, which are potentially hepatotoxic.

Adolescent↗