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Biomedical subjects

C E Rowe

Publications and source records attributed to C E Rowe.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Glyceride lipases in nerve endings of guinea-pig brain and their stimulation by noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and adrenaline.

1. Combined guinea-pig cortex and cerebellum was shown to contain triglyceride lipase, diglyceride lipase and monoglyceride lipase, which were assayed by the release of [1-(14)C]palmitate from [1-(14)C]palmitoylglycerol esters. Triglyceride lipase and diglyceride lipase were found in all particulate fractions. 2. With osmotically ruptured synaptosomes the rates of release of palmitate from glyceryl tripalmitate and glyceryl dipalmitate were 7-25mumol/h per g of protein and 0.18-0.69mmol/h per g of protein respectively. The logarithm of the rate of hydrolysis of glyceryl monopalmitate increased linearly with the logarithm of protein concentration. The pH optima of triglyceride lipase and diglyceride lipase were between 7 and 8. The pH optimum for monoglyceride lipase was approx. 8. 3. Triglyceride lipase and diglyceride lipase of osmotically ruptured synaptosomes were stimulated by noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and adrenaline. Triglyceride lipase of isolated synaptic membranes was stimulated by 0.01-1mm-noradrenaline. Aging of membranes at 0 degrees C decreased activity, which could still be stimulated by noradrenaline. Diglyceride lipase of isolated membranes was stimulated by 1mum-1mm-noradrenaline. The activity of triglyceride lipase in isolated synaptic vesicles was diminished by 1mm-5-hydroxytryptamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Stimulation of the production of unesterified fatty acids in nerve endings of guinea-pig brain in vitro by noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine.

1. Noradrenaline (1mm) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (1mm) stimulated the production of unesterified palmitate, oleate, stearate and arachidonate in nerve endings (synaptosomes) isolated from combined guinea-pig cerebral cortex and cerebellum. 2. Iproniazid phosphate (0.36mm) increased the concentrations of the same acids in osmotically ruptured synaptosomes. Further addition of 1mm-noradrenaline or 1mm-5-hydroxytryptamine reversed this increase. 3. Noradrenaline (0.01mm) stimulated the production of unesterified fatty acids in isolated synaptic membranes. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (0.01mm) stimulated the production of unesterified fatty acids in synaptic membranes and synaptic vesicles.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth of microorganisms in total nutrient admixtures.

It has been reported that intravenous fat emulsions, because of their isotonicity and neutral pH, support microbial growth, but traditional parenteral nutrition solutions, being hypertonic and more acidic, are not as supportive. To date, few studies have documented microbial growth in total nutrient admixtures (TNA) containing dextrose, amino acids, fat, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements. This study was undertaken to analyze the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and four gram-negative enteric bacilli in three different nutrient admixtures, with and without the inclusion of 5% fat emulsion. The composition of the admixtures was either 5, 10, or 25% dextrose; either 0 or 5% fat; and 3% amino acids, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements. All admixtures were innoculated with 100 colony-forming units per milliliter, incubated at room (25 degrees C) or refrigerated (4 degrees C) temperature, with samples withdrawn at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours and plated in triplicate. Only C. albicans demonstrated any significant growth regardless of fat content. The pH of the admixtures was similar (acidic), and all solutions were hypertonic and found to inhibit bacterial growth. Conclusions suggest that TNA, when formulated with normal concentrations of additives, is no more likely to support growth of contaminant organisms than the traditional solutions. This contradicts the notion that the addition of fat to total parenteral nutrition will enhance the ability of these admixtures to support microbial growth.

Candida albicans↗