Carcinoma of the colon and rectum.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C E Welch.
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Medical liability insurance is in a state of emergency brough on by escalating premiums or withdrawal of insurance companies from the market. Solutions, supported by legislation, must be sought for the sake of both patient and physician. As a temporary method of correction joint underwriting associations appear to be the most practical suggestion. Long-range changes should include the establishment of powerful malpractice arbitration boards whose conclusions and evidence would be submitted in case of further appeal, the delegation of more power to the medical profession to enforce standards, shortening of the period specified in the statutes of limitation, limitations on contingency fees, and elimination of the applicability of such legal doctrines as ad damnum clauses and res ipsa loquitur.
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Thirty-eight patients with external gastrointestinal fistulas arising from different levels of the gastrointestinal tract, observed and treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital, from December 1970 to April 1973, are analyzed. Surgical complications were the causes of fistulization in 77% of the cases. The treatment program included parenteral nutrition through a subclavian line in all cases. The 38 patients were fed parenterally for a total of 2311 days. Spontaneous fistula closure occurred in only 11 of the 38 patients. Surgical procedures were necessary in 71.05% of the cases to control fistula complications or persistent fistula drainage. Operative success rate was 70.4%. Parenteral nutrition effects on metabolic parameters, fistula secretion, nutritional status, morbidity and mortality of fistulas are discussed. Parenteral nutrition hazards are also presented. Overall mortality in this series was 21%. Roles of parenteral nutrition and surgery in the total management of external gastrointestinal fistulas are suggested.
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