PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Eckardt

Publications and source records attributed to C Eckardt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Identification of silicone oil in the retina after intravitreal injection.

Retinal tissue obtained from 2 eyes that had been injected with silicone oil for 2 years was stained with monoclonal antibodies against macrophages and studied by light and electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis. Both specimens showed areas with a relatively intact architecture as well as parts with loss of normal structure. In both areas, immunostaining showed single intraretinal macrophages. Energy-dispersive x-ray results clearly demonstrated that some of the intracellular and extracellular vacuoles within the retina represented the storage sites of silicone.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Results of silicone oil removal from eyes treated with retinectomies.

We reviewed the results of silicone oil removal from 32 eyes that had been treated with peripheral retinectomies during vitrectomy for retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. With a minimum follow-up of 6 months, 3 developed a retinal detachment after silicone oil removal. Twenty-eight eyes attained a final visual acuity of 0.1 or better and 15 eyes attained 0.2 or better. Only in 3 eyes was visual acuity decreased after silicone oil removal, whereas 20 eyes showed an improvement in vision. One eye was hypotonous and 11 eyes required antiglaucomatous agents at the last examination. Final visual acuity as well as final intraocular pressure did not correlate with either the retinectomy size or with the duration of the silicone oil tamponade.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Biocompatibility of silicone oil and high-density liquids. An immunologic study.

Silicone oil and high-density liquids can be useful tools in the treatment of complicated retinal detachments. To test whether these substances induce specific and/or unspecific inflammatory responses, we performed immunoassays on 60 rats of two different inbred strains. After sensitization, each rat was injected in the right foot pad with either silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, perfluorooctane, or perfluoropolyether. Depending on the inbred strain, the volume of the foot pads increased up to the fifth day, indicating an injection-induced inflammatory reaction. Histopathological examination of rats injected with silicone oil showed infiltration by mononuclear cells and occasional giant cells. In rats receiving fluorosilicone oil, additional eosinophilic reactions were observed. The most pronounced reactions occurred after injection of the two perfluorocarbons, which induced a greater number of giant cells and a slight granulomatous reaction. The degree of tissue response was independent of the type of sensitization; the majority of the draining popliteal lymph nodes showed no enlargement. Our findings demonstrate that all substances tested induced inflammatory though unspecific responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Treatment of complicated retinal detachment. Intraoperative use of perfluorodecalin].

Perfluorodecalin was injected into the vitreous cavity of 36 eyes during vitreous surgery for complicated retinal detachment. This low-viscosity liquid is immiscible with water, chemically inert and has a high specific gravity. In all cases the posterior retina was flattened without the need for a posterior retinotomy for drainage of subretinal fluid. Injection of the fluid caused stabilization of the retina and improved removal of peripheral epiretinal membranes. In 1 case a retinal break occurred during injection of the liquid and perfluorodecalin entered the subretinal space. In 4 eyes a small mobile droplet of residual perfluorodecalin was observed post-operatively. During follow-up periods of up to 11 months no retinal changes caused by the residual liquid were observed.

Fluorocarbons↗
PubMed1991

[A convex-concave contact lens for vitreoretinal operations with the BIOM].

A new convex-concave contact lens for wide-angle vitreoretinal surgery with the BIOM was developed. Placed on an eye, in which silicone oil is injected, it prevents the formation of an optically disturbing oil-water-film on the surface of the cornea. Thus the new contact lens leads to an essential improvement of the fundus view intraoperatively without affecting the optical properties of the BIOM.

Contact Lenses↗
PubMed1991

[Venous vascular anomalies within the myelinated retinal nerve fiber area].

We report the case of a 25 year old caucasian female who was presented to our clinic with a four year history of recurrent vitreous hemorrhages, myelinated retinal nerve fibers and ipsilateral anisometropic myopia, astigmatism and amblyopia of her right eye. On fluorescein angiography small, postcapillary venous malformations in the area of myelinization were diagnosed. Vascular anomalies within regions of myelinated retinal nerve fibers have not been described so far. Even if actual leakage itself from the anomalous vessels could not be documented, vitreous hemorrhaging did not recur after successful lasercoagulation and obliteration of the vascular anomalies.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Immunohistochemical findings of epiretinal membranes after silicone oil injection].

During vitreoretinal surgery, 23 epiretinal membranes from eyes treated with silicone oil were removed. They were examined by immunohistochemical methods and compared with 15 membranes from eyes affected by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and not treated with silicone oil and with 4 membranes from eyes with intermediate uveitis. PVR membranes from eyes treated with silicone oil showed a high level of macrophages and a strong expression of HLA-DR. Additionally, lymphocytes were found in PVR membranes, a finding that has not been described before. Similar changes were seen in proliferations removed from eyes affected by uveitis, but these membranes were found to have smaller amounts of extracellular substance. In contrast to this, most cells in the PVR membranes from eyes not treated with silicone oil react with vimentin, GFAP and cytokeratin. In none of these membranes were we able to find T-lymphocytes. It is not possible to say whether or not the different findings are attributable ot the silicone oil.

Extracellular Matrix↗
PubMed1991

[Visual changes after silicone oil injection].

Patients frequently complain of visual changes after intraocular silicone oil injection. The degree of these changes as well as refractive changes were analyzed in 11 aphacic eyes that had a postoperative visual acuity of at least 0.1. Visual acuity and refraction were obtained with the patients in a supine position. Then multiple visual acuity tests were done and refraktion was measured up to 12 times a day with the patient sitting erect. All tests were done with a constant pupillary diameter. Mean differences of 3 D between the objective and subjective refraction were noted. In most eyes there was a shift of spherical equivalents towards hypermetropia after a change in posture from supine to erect. The mean shift was 3.4 D (range 0.75-6.25 D). Seven out of 11 patients showed an increase in visual acuity of up to 4 optotypelines within the first 4 h after changing to an erect position. Total eye examination and testing of best-corrected visual acuity were performed again between 4 weeks and 15 months after silicone oil removal (mean 9.6 months). On examination, all eyes had a totally attached retina; none developed secondary glaucoma. Ten out of 11 eyes did not attain a final visual acuity that was better than the best corrected visual acuity before silicone oil removal.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed1991

[Bacteriocidal effect of preoperative use of gentamicin in comparison with PVP-iodine solution].

This clinical study was designed to evaluate the difference between preoperative treatment of the conjunctiva with either gentamicin eyedrops or a half-strength povidone iodine solution. We treated 50 eyes of 50 patients who came for cataract surgery and showed bacterial growth in the first conjunctival smear with gentamicin eyedrops at 1-h intervals for at least 10 h. The second smear was taken the next day. At the same time, half strength povidone-iodine solution on was applied to the follow-eye. After 2 min the second smear was taken. With both methods a significant reduction of bacterial growth was achieved. The average number of colonies decreased from 1620 to 63 after treatment with gentamicin and from 1338 to 214 after treatment with povidone iodine. There was no significant difference between the two methods. No allergic reactions or corneal haze after application of povidone iodine were observed.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1991

Experimental intraocular tolerance to liquid perfluorooctane and perfluoropolyether.

Three kinds of perfluorinated liquids (a perfluorooctane and two perfluoropolyethers) were evaluated as vitreous replacements. Tolerance to these liquids in rabbit eyes was investigated for periods of up to 2 months. Clinically, droplet formation of the liquids occurred within a few days of intravitreal injection. Histologic examination revealed no pathologic retinal changes 8 hours after surgery. At 6 days after surgery, hypertrophy of the Müller cells with bumplike protrusions into the interphotoreceptor space could be observed. At 1 month after surgery, light and electron microscopic examination showed larger droplike protrusions of Müller cells related to localized foldings of the outer retinal layers and rarefication of photoreceptor nuclei and loss of outer segments. Frequently disarranged, granule-loaded macrophages appeared in these areas. At 2 months after surgery, vesicles with low electron density appeared in some areas at the border between receptors and retinal pigment epithelium. In other areas pigment epithelial cells showed distinct hypertrophy (with drusen) toward the droplike Müller cell protrusion, together with narrowing of the interreceptor space. These findings were almost totally confined to the lower part of the retina that had been in permanent contact with the liquids. No histologic differences were noted between perfluorooctane- and perfluoropolyether-injected eyes. The results suggest that the liquids are not candidates for long-term vitreous replacement, but may be suitable for short-term intraoperative use.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Postoperative necrotizing sclerokeratitis].

Two cases of necrotizing sclerokeratitis following uncomplicated extracapsular cataract extraction are reported. Enucleation became necessary in the first case despite initially successful immunosuppressive treatment. In the second case, a stable condition was achieved by covering the affected area with a patch of lyophilized dura. Two years later, however, phthisis bulbi developed.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Intraocular tolerance to silicone oils of different specific gravities. An experimental study.

Different methylphenylsilicone (MPS) and fluorosilicone (FS) oils having a higher specific gravity than water were investigated as vitreous replacements. Their intraocular tolerance in vitrectomized aphakic rabbit eyes was evaluated for periods of up to 4 months and compared to that of regular polydimethylsilicone oil (PDMS). Weakly fluorinated FS and weakly phenylated MPS showed a presumably toxic effect on the retina. As compared to highly fluorinated FS, highly phenylated MPS showed better intraocular tolerance; however, inflammatory reaction was slightly more extensive than in eyes filled with PDMS.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Bilateral traction detachment in necrotizing retinitis as a sequela of toxoplasmosis].

A 35-year-old patient with systemic lupus erythematodes is presented. Two weeks after initiation of an immunosuppressive therapy with steroids and cyclophosphamide she developed a bilateral acute necrotising retinitis. Although the infiltration of the vitreous body was only slight the right eye developed a traction retinal detachment within a few days. A vitrectomy was performed but the situation was found to be inoperable due to central necrotic areas. Two days later serological specimen revealed an acute toxoplasmosis as the cause of the bilateral retinitis in this patient. A therapy with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine was started immediately. Nevertheless two weeks later traction retinal detachment occurred also in the left eye. A reattachment of the retina could be achieved by vitreoretinal surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Visual acuity and binocular vision following surgery of extreme retinal detachment].

Retinal surgery with implantation of silicone oil was performed in 33 patients presenting with idiopathic or traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Following removal of the oil patients were on average followed-up for 6 to 29 months (14 months). Sixteen patients had had buckling procedures prior to endosurgery. Improvement of vision up to 4 rows of optotypes was noted in 21 patients following silicone oil removal. Three cases showed a large, organic, central scotoma. Ten patients suffered from diplopia; 3 of whom were known to have had a preexisting strabismus. Suppression of the visual impression of the operated eye was seen in 4 cases. Eye muscle surgery was necessary in 4 cases. Sixteen patients demonstrated normal binocular vision as far as possible taking the visual acuity into account.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Preoperative disinfection of the conjunctiva with PVP-iodine].

Preoperative treatment with topically applied antibiotics does not always sufficiently reduce the bacterial flora of the conjunctival sac. Therefore, an additional disinfection procedure should be employed. Fifty-two eyes showing bacterial growth in the first conjunctical smear were treated with two drops of half-strength povidone-iodine solution (5%). Within 2 min 45 eyes showed an obvious reduction in bacteria; after an incubation time of 48 h, 26 eyes showed no bacterial growth at all. The colony counts of the remaining smears revealed a decrease factor of between 10 and 10(4). The average number of species was reduced from 2.15 to 0.63. To exclude the possibility that this was merely an irrigation effect caused by the povidone-iodine solution, 30 eyes were treated with two drops of NaCl solution and compared to the other groups. No significant decrease in colonies or species was observed. Povidone-iodine solution applied to more than 500 eyes undergoing vitreoretinal surgery caused no allergic reactions or corneal changes.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1989

[Posterior uveitis caused by highly malignant B cell lymphoma].

A diagnostic vitrectomy was performed on three patients with posterior uveitis of unknown origin and whose vitrous body was markedly affected. In all cases, cells of high-grade B-cell lymphoma (earlier referred to as reticulum cell sarcoma) were identified by cytological analysis of the specimen. In addition to the ocular findings, one of the three patients showed clinical and radiological evidence of a tumorous mass in the area of the right thalamus at the time of diagnosis. This was interpreted as a cerebral manifestation of the lymphoma. Initially, the other two patients did not show any cerebral involvement. One of them, however, developed clinical symptoms 9 months after diagnosis, which were radiologically verified as tumor infiltration of the cerebellum and the diencephalon. Under radiation therapy, the ocular findings disappeared within a few weeks.

Adult↗