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Biomedical subjects

C Eiser

Publications and source records attributed to C Eiser.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Quality of life in young adults with type 1 diabetes in relation to demographic and disease variables.

Sixty-nine young adults (mean age 21 (range 15-25) years) with Type 1 diabetes completed measures of diabetes knowledge and quality of life. Factor analysis of the quality of life scale resulted in the identification of three subscales (social relationships, diabetes concerns, and impact). There was no relation between any of the quality of life subscales with knowledge, or with multiple versus twice-daily insulin injection regimens. Higher self-rated diabetes satisfaction was related to lower fructosamine levels and better clinic attendance (p less than 0.05). Females reported a more negative impact of diabetes on their lives compared with males (p less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Discipline strategies and parental perceptions of preschool children with asthma.

Parents of 37 children with asthma (aged between three and five years) and of 37 healthy controls were interviewed about their involvement in everyday care, discipline practices, perceptions of their child and situations which were particularly stressful. There was little correlation between mothers' and fathers' preferences for different discipline practices. There was, however, greater agreement in their perceptions. Parents of children with asthma did not differ from those of healthy controls in discipline practices. However, children with asthma were perceived to be generally less healthy. Parents of those with asthma also reported a greater number of everyday situations to be stressful. These data do not support traditional assumptions that parents of children with asthma are more permissive or overindulgent. At least in this preschool sample, there was only limited indication of adverse effects of chronic disease on parenting practices.

Asthma↗
PubMed1991

It's OK having asthma ... young children's beliefs about illness.

Hospitals and illness can be bewildering and frightening for children. To minimise the distress caused to them, health professionals need to communicate effectively. This involves assessing the child's level of development and the amount of knowledge the child needs.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

How adolescents compare AIDS with other diseases: implications for prevention.

Four hundred ten adolescents, ages 14-16 years, completed a questionnaire concerned with their understanding of the social and emotional consequences of AIDS and 5 other illnesses (lung cancer, German measles, chicken pox, asthma, and diabetes). Pupils distinguished between the diseases on all measured items, but younger pupils were more likely to believe that individuals were personally responsible for the onset of AIDS, lung cancer, and diabetes. The data are discussed in terms of the implications for health education campaigns.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Health locus of control and health beliefs in relation to adolescent smoking.

Results from a survey of 10,579 schoolchildren aged 11-16 years indicated various relationships between age, smoking behaviour, health locus of control beliefs, expressed concern with different consequences of illness and beliefs in the efficacy of different strategies for staying healthy. In particular, smokers, compared with non-smokers, showed less belief in the importance of 'powerful others' or 'personal control' but more belief in the importance of 'chance' as an influence on health outcomes. With regard to consequences of illness, smokers cared more than non-smokers about not being allowed to see friends, but less about getting behind in school or being a nuisance to others; they were also less convinced of the benefits of preventive health behaviours such as eating good food and taking exercise. Implications for health education approaches are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Attitudes, attributions, and persuasion: how young people's ideas about drugs relate to their preferences for different strategies of prevention.

1,352 pupils, aged 14 to 15 years, completed questionnaires concerned with their beliefs about why people begin to take drugs and how they felt they could best be persuaded to stop. Endorsement of a "life-skills" approach to prevention related strongly to pupils' own social skills and self-reliance and to attributions for drug use in terms of social pressure and experimentation. In addition, a "scare" approach was favored by those who saw drug takers as lacking in morality. The data suggest that the success of any prevention program is at least partly dependent on an individual's initial beliefs about drugs and drug takers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Teachers' concerns about chronically sick children: implications for paediatricians.

147 experienced teachers completed a questionnaire concerning their knowledge of and attitudes toward chronic childhood disease. On the whole, their knowledge of the causes and treatments involved was rudimentary. Teachers were especially concerned that they did not know how to deal with medical emergencies in the classroom, and about the repercussions for other children. The results identify the type of information teachers feel they most need in order to teach sick children, and should increase awareness among paediatricians of how difficulties in school can arise.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1986

Young children's understanding of smoking.

32 children aged 7-8 years and 30 children aged 10-11 years were interviewed individually about their knowledge and beliefs about the physiological and social effects of smoking. Knowledge about the consequences of smoking in terms of vulnerability to disease and damage to the body increased with age but was high for both groups. Most striking was the increase with age in children's awareness that smoking could be used to control negative mood states rather than simply result in positive enjoyment. The data attest to much social, rather than purely cognitive learning, of beliefs about smoking among children.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1985

Dress and care of infants in health and illness.

The mothers of 199 infants (mean age 36.7 days) were interviewed to determine how the infant was dressed and wrapped, and how the mother would deal with illness. These data were related to measures of the infant's toe and underarm temperatures and demographic information about the family. The data did not support the hypothesis that infants with particular types of clothing or bedding were at risk of overheating and shows that most mothers dress their infants appropriately. Mothers' ideas about management of illness were often inappropriate particularly in lower socioeducational groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Children's knowledge of diabetes and implications for self-care.

Fifty-seven children with diabetes (mean age = 12.0 years) were given a forced choice questionnaire to assess their knowledge of the disorder. Parents of 81% of these children completed a second questionnaire to determine how responsible children were for their own self-care. Children were also observed drawing up their own insulin. The data suggest that children who were responsible for their own injections were adequately informed about this aspect of treatment (chi 2 = 9.98, df = 1, p less than 0.05) but those who were felt to be responsible for their own diets were not well informed in this regard (chi 2 = 2.08 N.S.) The data are discussed in terms of the implications for teaching children about diabetes and the insight they give into the effects of diabetes on family life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Children's perceptions of hospital: a preliminary study.

Three groups of children (5-6, 7-8 and 9-10 years) were interviewed about their knowledge and attitudes towards hospitals. Children were asked what they thought happened in hospitals, why people were admitted and how they became better. They were also asked the worst and best things about being in hospital. The responses of the 5-6 year old group were very inadequate, but children's perceptions of hospital varied as a function of age. The results have implications both for preparing children prior to hospitalization and dealing with emergency admissions.

Age Factors↗