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Biomedical subjects

C Ernest

Publications and source records attributed to C Ernest.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The value of CT and MRI in the assessment of basal encephaloceles in children].

Basal cephaloceles of the child are rare pathologies which require accurate preoperative imaging work-up. The CT and MR studies of six children with surgically proven basal cephalocele were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the role of CT and MR in the preoperative work-up of a basal cephalocele of the child. In five patients, MR allowed to define the nature and topography of the cephalocele, and allowed an accurate depiction of the optic tract, ante- and post-hypophysis and associated agenesis of corpus callosum when present. 3-D CT allowed in one case a more precise depiction of the basal bony defect. MRI allows in a non invasive and non ionising way the best depiction of herniating meninges, brain or ventricles as well as associated cerebral anomalies.

Child↗
PubMed1988

[Congenital anophthalmos. Control of osteogenesis with an expanding intraorbital prosthesis].

Both congenital anophthalmia and severe microphthalmia lead to micro-orbit with early appearance of craniofacial hemiatrophy. There is simultaneous lack of development of the lids (which remain small but complete) and of the conjunctival sac. Use of esthetic ocular prosthesis is thus impossible. The conjunctival sac can be dilated with conformators of increasing size but this technique has no effect on the orbit. The results of repeated plastic surgery are unsatisfactory. Stimulation of ocular growth by an expandable prosthesis in early infancy would appear to be the most logical and effective therapy. The authors propose a "new" technique for the expansion of the orbital cavity of the congenital anophthalmia. They have deviced a silicone prosthesis which is progressively expanded in size. The device has now been in use for over eighteen months with really encouraging results (17 cases).

Anophthalmos↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome by dorsocranial liver resection and direct hepatoatrial anastomosis.

Since 1980 an operation which reestablishes the blood outflow from occluded hepatic veins was performed in 7 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome by one of us (A. Senning). Using extracorporeal circulation a dorsocranial cylindrical resection of the liver including the confluence of the occluded hepatic veins was performed by transcaval approach. The incised right atrium was sutured around the resected liver area. There was one intraoperative death. In 6 patients with a mean postoperative follow-up of 19.2 months (4-42 months), the patency of hepatoatrial anastomosis was documented by angiography or Doppler-2d-echocardiography. Four patients are free of symptoms and signs of Budd-Chiari syndrome. In one of two patients with associated cirrhosis compression of inferior vena cava reoccurred and in another patient esophageal varices persist. We conclude, that the hepatoatrial anastomosis is an effective treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Aneurysms of the vein of Galen in infants aged 2 to 15 months. Diagnosis and natural evolution.

This is a report of seven cases of aneurysm of the vein of Galen (AVG) with a review of the clinical and radiological aspects of 48 cases in the literature. The natural evolution and pathophysiology of this vascular malformation are discussed. The clinical signs of this condition are often misleading. The appearance of AVG on CT is pathognomic. Surveillance of the vascular malformation and associated cerebral lesions can be maintained with subsequent CT. Spontaneous thrombosis of the aneurysm was observed in three cases. The diagnosis of thrombosis of the AVG was always made at operation or by histological examination. The radiological appearance of a thrombosed aneurysm is typical.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1981

[Optic glioma in children. A retrospective study of 57 cases treated by irradiation (author's transl)].

57 children presenting with optic glioma, 30 of which with neurofibromatosis, were treated from 1956 to 1978 at the Institute Gustave-Roussy. In 3, the tumor was confined to a single optic nerve; 18 had a chiasm-infiltrating tumor and 36 a large tumor invading adjacent structures. At the time of diagnosis, all but 2 had visual deficit, 5 had endocrine dysfunction and 27 had symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. X-ray examinations showed an enlargement of the sella turcica in 28 out of 37 patients and enlarged optic canals in 39 out of 41 investigated cases. 25 patients were operated on (most often exploratory operation only) and all received a 50 to 60 grays irradiation. 42 patients are alive but 20 are blind and 26 present with important mental retardation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Angioventriculography in the study of deep arteriovenous aneurysms].

The authors discuss the value of angioventriculotomography before surgery in deep arteriovenous malformations. This new procedure was performed in 2 infants and 3 children. In all cases, it was possible to know the precise relations of the lesions to deep structures of the central nervous system. Surgery was then contra indicated in two patients. In the remaining three patients, it not only proved to be of great value before deciding surgery, but it also determined the entire surgical procedure. The only incident encountered in this series was a rapidly regressive convulsive seizure in an infant of 3 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The neuro-radiological examination of endocrine disorders of central origin in the child (precocious puberty, hypopituitarism).

The neuro-radiological findings in 38 cases of precocious puberty of central origin and 9 cases of hypopituitarism (craniopharyngiomas excepted), are reported. The radiological examination consisted of plain films of the skull and pneumo-encephalography. In the 9 cases with hypopituitarism radiological examination was normal in 4 and localised but quite diverse anomalies were discovered in 5. Out of 38 patients presenting with isosexual precocious puberty, 29 were female and 9 male. Out of the 29 girls, neuro-radiological examination was normal in 20 and showed a hypothalamic anomaly in 9. Out of the 9 boys, 8 had a hypothalamic anomaly, and only one examination was normal. In precocious puberty we found 1 ectopic pinealoma and 2 gliomas of the chiasma. In these three cases the clinical context and radiological examination made the diagnosis obvious. Masses were discovered in 7 (3 spongioblastomas and 4 heterotopias). In 2 cases (spongioblastomas) neurological symptoms were present and made an operation mandatory. In 5 cases (1 spongioblastoma, 4 heterotopias) precocious puberty was an isolated finding. It was not possible to make, on a clinical or radiological bases, a distinction between spongioblastoma and heterotopia. As time has passed the role of surgery has changed. Formerly, surgery aimed at excision of the lesion, but with advances in medical treatment surgical intervention is now directed towards biopsy and the histological study of lesions which may be treated by radiotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Cavo-spinal phlebography in myelopathies of venous origin. Application of the method in 115 cases].

The intraspinal venous stasis, described by ABOULKER as the cause of numerous myelopathies, is due to the addition of multiple venous abnormalities, demonstrated by cavospinal phlebography. The venae cavae and their major affluents and the prespinal system (lumbar and ascending lumbar veins, azygos, hemi-azygos, right superior intercostal and vertebral veins) are explored by catheterization. Cavo-spinal phlebography reveals multiple obstacles and the resulting stasis in the intraspinal plexus.

Azygos Vein↗