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Biomedical subjects

C F Claussen

Publications and source records attributed to C F Claussen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Influence of 3 antivertiginous medications on the vigilance of healthy volunteers.

In the present randomized, comparative, double-blind, 3-way crossover study, possible effects of 3 antivertiginous medications on vigilance were investigated. 30 healthy volunteers received single doses of a fixed combination of cinnarizine 20 mg and dimenhydrinate 40 mg (Arlevert, ARL), dimenhydrinate 50 mg, or betahistine dimesylate 12 mg, in randomized order at 1-week intervals. Spontaneous brain electrical activity (EEG), acoustic late evoked potentials (ALEP) with P300, and reaction time were measured before and 90 (t90) and 180 minutes (t180) after drug intake. All 3 medications led to a delay of P300 (primary criterion) and a decrease of its amplitude. The maximum delay at t180 was found for dimenhydrinate (16.42 ms) and the lowest for betahistine (6.33 ms). Differences ARL vs dimenhydrinate and ARL vs betahistine were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Spectral analysis of spontaneous EEG showed slight and similar decreases in the power in the a-band under dimenhydrinate and ARL (p = 0.07 and p = 0.03 with respect to baseline, respectively), but basically no change under betahistine. There was no effect on reaction time by either medication. None of the subjects reported drowsiness or any other adverse event. The findings confirm the reported suitability of P300 latency for measurement of drug effects on brain activity, but provide no indication of concomitant impairment of performance capacity by the tested drugs. Global assessment of the results suggests that the fixed combination cinnarizine 20 mg/dimenhydrinate 40 mg exerts only a minor effect on vigilance, not significantly different from betahistine, which is commonly regarded as a non-sedating antivertiginous drug

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Cortical representation of the vestibular system as evidenced by brain electrical activity mapping of vestibular late evoked potentials.

We examined the space and temporal distributions of the rotatory evoked brain electrical activity patterns (brain electrical activity mapping of vestibular evoked potentials [VestEP]) in humans. We performed a longitudinal scalp line analysis, transversal line analysis, and clockwise/counterclockwise rotation analysis of the VestEP principal components in 75 healthy persons aged 22 to 30 years (mean: 25.8). We found that the shortest VestEP latencies and the highest amplitudes were registered in a relatively distinct cortical area that is covered by the transversal electrode line T3-C3-Cz-C4-T4, in accordance with the 10/20 international electrode scheme. This area corresponds to the posterior part of the frontal lobe (Brodmann's area 4, the primary motor field of the isocortex) and the anterior parts of the cerebral parietal lobe (the gyrus postcentralis, which corresponds to the primary somatosensory fields, Brodmann's areas 1, 2, and 3). In this article, we discuss a method of investigation that exhibits the VestEPs, and we review one normal case and three typical cases of pathologic VestEPs.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Competitive-kinesthetic interaction therapy.

The competitive-kinesthetic interaction therapy is based on several clinical observations of patients who are treated with the Brügger therapy in the "Murnau approach" and who are suffering from different pain syndromes in their movement system. These patients reported definite lessening of their tinnitus, including (in some cases) a complete cessation of their subjective ear noise, as a result of our therapy on the movement system. Our goal is to modulate and automate the civilizatory unforable engraved individual global movement patterns. This success, which accompanied the therapeutic removal of movement imbalance and related posture and motion disorders, suggests the possibility of influencing the balance-surveying organs of the complex equilibrium system, summarizing the information from the equilibrium tetrad within a central space-oriented data processing system, via the muscles of the entire locomotor system. A very important point is that the subjective improvements can be objectified in brain electrical activity mapping of vestibular evoked potentials. Two-hundred patients were treated with this therapy and were examined between April 1998 and April 1999.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Gingko biloba (Rökan) therapy in tinnitus patients and measurable interactions between tinnitus and vestibular disturbances.

Tinnitus is one of the most important symptoms in neurootology after vertigo, nausea, and hearing loss. In most cases, the origin of the tinnitus remains inexplicable. Well-known, however, is that tinnitus may arise in any part of the hearing pathway (i.e., both within the cochlea receptor and in the temporal lobe and projections). Tinnitus also is associated frequently with vertigo, nausea and hearing loss. An age predominance exists, with tinnitus more common among those older than 40 years. From this starting point, a great demand exists today for new ideas and developments in the diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1995

Neurootological contributions to the diagnostic follow-up after whiplash injuries.

Only in 1992 we had to deal with about 197,731 cases of whiplash injuries due to traffic accidents on the roads of Germany. About 80% recover within a few months. However, about 15%-20% develop the so-called late whiplash injury syndrome with many complaints of the cervico-encaphalic syndrome including headache, vertigo, instability, nausea, tinnitus, hearing loss etc. The orthopedic as well as the radiological findings are mostly unsatisfactory with respect to the neurosensorial complaints. Therefore problems of evidence arise in compensation claims calling for additional neurootological medical expertise. When analysing 124 expert examinations of our patients suffering from late whiplash injury syndrome we found that the average case had already seen 3.83 medical experts elsewhere including 18 different medical specialities. At the most, we observed 17 expertise visits/case prior to the patients visit to us. In the present study we compared the results from 42 neurootological expertise cases with 206 cases of late whiplash injury syndrome, who only came for treatment purposes to our neurootological practice. Al our patients underwent a systematic history (NOASC I) and a functional neurootological, audiometric and equilibriometric examination. Thus we tried to assess the location and nature of the functional degeneration underlying the posttraumatic residual vertigo symptoms, etc. The objective and quantitative equilibrium investigations included several ENGs and an analysis of the cranio-corpo-gram, thus obtaining a record of the gait and standing patterns by means of a radar-like image of the marker tracings from the head and the shoulders during stepping and standing, as well as during bending, extending and turning the neck (computer CCG). Thus individual patterns of functional lesions in the neurootological pathways can simultaneously? objectively and quantatively be worked out for both the groups confirming the subjective complaints.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Vestibular evoked responses: a new frontier in equilibriometry.

Modern neurootology has proved that many vertigo patients suffer from central dysequilibrium states. As vertigo patients are very frequent amongst our patient population we have to increase our diagnostic as well as therapeutical efforts. Since 1965, eliciting vestibular evoked cortical potentials has been possible. A method of evoked responses based upon computation of several stimulus responses has been used since then. Besides we are also using the frequency analysis of representative epochs of ongoing vestibular-ocular or retino-ocular reactions has been used since then. For diagnostic purposes we are combining various techniques like systematic history taking, ENG, ECG, CCG and BEAM. Brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) is a newly developed tool, which we can also use for differentiating central from peripheral vestibular diseases. We are applying this technique for topographic correlates of vertigo related functional changes as well as for spatiotemporal analysis of cerebral evoked potentials due to vestibular stimulation. By means of a specific vestibular evoked potential technique, 6 typical cortical wave patterns can be elicited, which are displayed in the EEG curves as well as in colour maps of the whole scalp. The interactions between the various cortical structures are turning into an image similar to a weather map. BEAM, the fourth plan for projecting vertigo disorders, is now also bound into our concept for planning and monitoring a drug based therapy.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1995

Neurootologic findings in patients with so called Menière-like disease.

A group of 150 patients was clinically observed using a complete battery of neurootological methods. The patients were believed to suffer from Menière's disease (MD). After taking anamnestic data [NODEC III] and performing calorimetry, cranio-corpo-graphy and audiology tests we could confirm a former established diagnosis of MD in a few cases only.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Vestibular compensation.

Regulation of the human equilibrium differs from the other, mostly linear, human senses. It consists of a multitude of receptors and an interrelated network that is necessary for data processing as well as for regulatory processes. Thus, the human equilibrium system represents a mixture of hardware and related software interactions. The input is also named the "equilibrium tetrade" (1-3), and comprises vision, vestibular inertia acceleration perception, proprioception and hearing. In the case of various types of lesion, one has to deal with a variety of morphological as well as mostly functional reparations. Amongst others these consist of restitution, adaptation, suppression, habituation and compensation. In order to objectively investigate the type of ongoing compensatory reparation within the complex network functions of the equilibrium system, we need to apply the so-called complex vestibular equilibrium tests. These allow us to quantitatively check for the response outputs after varying stimulus loadings, as well as after spatial or temporal stimulus interferences. For testing the equilibrium system under the condition of varying stimulus intensity impacts, the vestibular stimulus response intensity comparison test (VSRIC) is applied (4-6). Spatial stimulus interference between the ocular and the vestibular system is checked by means of the calorisation pendulum interference test (CPIT) (1, 2, 5, 7-9). In the case of temporal stimulus interference testing it is assumed that a memory copy of earlier stimuli influences successive reactions. Thus phenomena such as learning or habituation can be induced. Temporal stimulus interference is tested by means of the caloric adaptation cyclogram (CAC) (2-5, 10, 11).

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1992

Plastic properties of the vestibulo-ocular reflex in olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy.

Disorders in vestibulo-ocular functions were studied in 4 patients with olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy (OPCA). The phenomenon of habituation, considered as a plastic property of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), was explored with a behavioural paradigm in these patients. When subjected to the habituation paradigm all patients presented a modified response opposite to that observed in normal subjects. The role played by the cerebellum in relation to VOR plasticity--well known in different experimental models--is analyzed. The hypothesis of a modification of the cerebellum's inhibitory action on vestibular nuclei neurons is put forward to explain the inversion of the VOR habituation phenomenon in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cranio-corpo-graphy. A neurootological screening test.

Cranio-corpo-graphy affords a photographic representation of the patient's "radar-like" movement patterns as he performs the standing (Unterberger, Fukuda) and stepping (Romberg) tests. Of the various parameters used for analysis, a wide angular deviation, i.e., where the patient deflects more than circa 60 degrees away from the sagittal axis, is taken to signify a peripheral dysfunction, usually involving the side of deviation. In addition, broad lateral sway values and standing tests sways suggest a central pathology. In this study, three data banks were created. One consisting of 500 patients tested in our department over the last ten years, all showing a normal cranio-corpo-graphic pattern; the second made up of 500 patients showing a clear peripheral pattern, i.e., abnormal angular deviation with normal sway values and the third (650 patients) with a typical central disturbance, i.e. a broad lateral sway. These groups were then submitted to a detailed statistical analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The treatment of minocycline-induced brainstem vertigo by the combined administration of piracetam and ergotoxin.

Two randomized studies to test the efficacy of a combination of Piracetam and Ergotoxin on the destabilized brainstem are reported. In the first study, a pharmacological model using Minocycline is employed. A follow-up clinical study analysed the effect of the preparation in 5 patients suffering from vertigo and other related complaints. It was seen that there was a significant improvement in the nystagmus profiles of the pharmacological model volunteers. Similarly, the patient group showed a marked improvement in symptoms, and in orientation capability as tested by Cranio-Corpo-Graphy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A computer analysis of typical CCG patterns in 1,021 neuro-otological patients.

A set of 1,021 patients who were investigated at our Department over the last few years was investigated in this study. Each patient underwent Cranio-Corpo-Graphy, and other related investigations. The patients' CCG's were quantified using a specially developed computer scanning method, and a computerized spreadsheet databank was thus created. Also included in the study were their clinical profiles, as charted using the NODEC III questionnaire. The isolation and comparison of various data subsets enables us to draw broad correlations between clinical and CCG findings, and permits us to establish 'normal values' for various parameters. It is seen that cranio-corpography is a reliable screening method for the topodiagnosis of vertigo.

Adult↗