PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C F Longino

Publications and source records attributed to C F Longino.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Explicating activity theory: a formal replication.

The principal intent of this paper is to replicate formally the work of Lemon, Bengtson, and Peterson (1972), the first researchers to carefully articulate a systematic statement of the activity theory of aging, but whose test of the theory resulted in disappointing ambiguous findings. Probability samples of three distinct types of retirement communities (N = 1209) provided far greater variation in background variables than existed in the original study. Behaviorally based activity scales were drawn from daily activity inventories rather than the single-item ordinal measures of activity items used in the original research. Multiple Classification Analysis was employed to sort out the effects of each activity type from the others and from the effects of age, gender, and health upon life satisfaction. Different from the results of Lemon, Bengtson, and Peterson, our findings, although mixed, lend strong support to the activity theory of aging. Informal activity contributed positively, strongly, and frequently to the life satisfaction of respondents. Solitary activities had no effect on life satisfaction. Formal activity had a negative effect. All activity effects were similar in the three communities. The implications of these findings for activity theory are discussed at length.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1982

The married, the formerly married and the never married: support system differentials of older women in planned retirement communities.

This paper explores the nature of informal support given to older women, depending upon their marital status and the presence of living children. To control for differential availability of formal resources and for background characteristics, random samples of 371 noninstitutionalized female residents of two midwestern life care communities were interviewed. We found, unsurprisingly, that women who were presently, or who had been married, received more emotional, social, and instrumental support from their family members. But in further analysis it became clear, much to our surprise, that the presence of a husband only assured the married women of significantly more instrumental (task-oriented) support. It was the existence of living children--even just one child--that generated greater emotional, social, and instrumental support from her family. The greatest informal support deficits are among the never married, as expected, but are a result of the lack of children rather than the absence of a husband.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The aged subculture hypothesis: social integration, gerontophilia and self-conception.

Arnold Rose predicted that concentrated interaction among older people would lead to participation in an aged subculture, the development of aging group consciousness and enhanced self-conception. Previous research has failed to focus directly on these issues and has been plagued by problems related to the self-selection and nonrepresentativeness of retirement community residents. Samples from two elderly central city HUD projects, three service-enriched and relatively expensive urban life care settings and three age-concentrated settlements in the Ozarks (N = 897) are compared to a national Harris Survey. Selective recruitment and self-selection effects are controlled by the use of shadow samples drawn from the Harris survey, matched community by community with the age, gender, marital status, education, income and race of the residents. Rose's hypothesis is supported but modified. Residents of the eight community settings show qualitatively more positive social integration, distinctive patterns of preference for interaction with and perceptions of the elderly, and an enhanced positive self-conception. In line with Rosow's prediction, however, evidence for any politically oriented aging group consciousness is absent. The aged subculture in retirement communities tends to be retreatist in content rather than activist.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Going home: aged return migration in the United States 1965-1970.

Two related issues concerning aged return migration are explored in this paper. They are: (1) the common features of states that strongly attract their migration-prone native sons and daughters, and (2) what might account for the differences, if any, in the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of return and non-return migrants. Individual characteristics of persons, age 60 and over, from the 1970 1-in-100 Public Use Sample of Basic Records were analyzed. A cluster of Sunbelt states, and Utah, strongly attract return migrants; otherwise they tend to be attracted by states which are popular destinations for aged migration in general. Using discriminant function analysis and tests for mean differences of migrant characteristics, it was found that return migrants tend to be negatively selected on socioeconomic characteristics relative to other interstate migrants. Comparisons of migrant characteristics in streams from New York and Ohio to Florida with counterstreams from Florida to New York and Ohio were consistent with a model of secondary post-retirement moves to state of birth when service and social support needs increase.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Parish clergy and the aged: examining stereotypes.

Hypotheses concerning clergymen's enjoyment of their pastoral contacts with older parishioners are examined using data from a national probability sample of 654 American Baptist parish ministers. The hypotheses test the ideas that ministers do not enjoy pastoral contacts with the elderly and that these contacts reflect the clergymen's ageist preferences and concern with instrumental over expressive values. The findings suggest that: (1) the majority of the clergy studied do not seem to have an aversion to ministering to older people; while not among the most enjoyable of their activities "ministering to the aged" clearly is not among the least enjoyable either; (2) there is some support for the view that clergy respond to the elderly in an ageist manner; comparing activities involving different age groups, the clergy prefer the young and adults to the aged; (3) those clergy who share with the elderly an interest in expressive activities are more likely to enjoy ministering to the aged.

Aged↗