Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C F McCarthy.
During an 11-year period the incidence of coeliac disease presenting in children in the West of Ireland has been found to be 1 in 597. When allowance is made for presentation of the disease in adult life the incidence may be as high as 1 in 303. These figures are much higher than those reported for Britain.
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Brush borders were prepared from small intestinal specimens obtained from 20 patients who underwent abdominal surgery. Some enzyme constituents of the brush borders and fractions obtained from them by papain digestion are described.
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The incidence of fingerprint pattern abnormality in 53 patients with coeliac disease and 82 of their relatives was not greater than that found in 58 control subjects. This finding contradicts an earlier report that most patients with coeliac disease had abnormal fingerprints.
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Patients with cirrhosis were found to be extremely sensitive to chlorpromazine as shown by slowing of the electroencephalograph (E.E.G.), which was particularly definite in those who had had hepatic encephalopathy previously. Patients showing the most definite E.E.G. changes were in general very sleepy and took some hours to recover after taking chlorpromazine. It is concluded that phenothiazine drugs should be used very cautiously in patients with alcoholic liver disease.
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The use of ultrasonic A- and B-scans has been evaluated in the diagnosis of fluid-filled lesions in the liver and abdomen, and in the detection of intraperitoneal fluid. Six patients with polycystic livers or suspected polycystic livers, three with solitary cysts, four with liver abscesses, and three with miscellaneous intraabdominal cystic lesions were scanned. The lesions could be clearly distinguished from solid masses by either technique. The presence of as little as 300 to 800 ml of intraperitoneal fluid could be detected by either the A- or B-scan.
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Expired radiocarbon dioxide has been collected by a simple autotitration method following the ingestion of lactose-1-(14)C. With this method, which is suitable for clinical use, 12 subjects with alactasia have been readily separated from 24 normals, both groups being defined by strict criteria. This test, which may be used to measure the absorption of other sugars, is especially suitable for population surveys and may be used to investigate the distribution of disaccharidase deficiency.A further advantage is that false low readings resulting from rapid plasma clearance of absorbed sugar do not occur with this method although they may do so in up to one in three lactose tolerance tests, thereby overestimating the prevalence of alactasia.