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Biomedical subjects

C F Sun

Publications and source records attributed to C F Sun.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

RHD gene polymorphisms among RhD-negative Chinese in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The rare occurrence of anti-D-associated hemolytic disease of the newborn among Chinese is attributable in part to the existence of the weak D phenotype Del among apparently RhD-negative individuals. While existing advances in the molecular genetics of the Rh blood group have been noted in recent years, the genomic structure of the Del phenotype has seldom been studied in the literature. We try to explore the genomic structure of the RhD gene among apparently Rh-negative Chinese in Taiwan in this study. METHODS: Genomic DNA from 230 samples of apparently RhD-negative Chinese was studied using four polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based RhD typing methods. These PCR methods amplified RHD and RHCE genes at exons 4, 5, 7 and 10. All nucleotides responsible for exofacial amino acid differences between RhD and RhCeEe peptides, including amino acids 169, 170, 172, 223, 226, 233, 238, 350, 353, and 354, were contained in these amplified DNA segments. Southern blot analysis using RHD cDNA fragments as probes was performed. RESULTS: According to the serological study, 155 samples (67.4%) were genuinely RhD-negative and 75 samples (32.6%) were of the Del phenotype. Successful amplifications for RHD sequences were possible in all 75 Del samples using four PCR methods. Apparently, all Del individuals carried an intact RHD gene. While 145 individuals of 155 genuinely Rh-negative (63.0% of apparently RhD-negative individuals) had total deletion of their RHD genes, 10 individuals (4.3% of apparently RhD-negative individuals) were shown to have a preserved 3' noncoding region of the RHD exon 10 and a gross deletion of RHD exons 4-10. CONCLUSIONS: Three classes of RhD-negative polymorphisms among Chinese in Taiwan were observed. These included Del with grossly intact RHD and weak RhD expression, genuinely RhD-negative with partial preservation of the RHD gene, and genuinely RhD-negative with total deletion of the RHD gene. A molecular study is warranted to clarify the mechanism responsible for the weak RHD gene expression in Del individuals.

Asian People↗
PubMed1995

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia as an initial presentation of metastatic cancer of unknown primary origin.

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) is a well-documented but rare complication of disseminated cancer; it usually occurs in the late or terminal stage of cancer. We describe a case of metastatic carcinoma of unknown origin in which MAHA was the initial presentation. A 36-year-old woman came to our hospital with lower back pain and progressive exertional dyspnea for 8 weeks. Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukoerythroblastosis were found on admission. The peripheral blood smear revealed polychromasia, poikilocytosis, and many schistocytes. Bone marrow biopsy disclosed metastatic carcinoma. After careful workup, we failed to find the primary site of cancer. The anemia and thrombocytopenia responded dramatically to combination chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and cisplatin. This case indicates that metastatic carcinoma should be included in the differential diagnosis in previously healthy patients with MAHA.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

The role of flow cytometry in non-resected cervical carcinoma.

Flow cytometry (FCM) has a prognostic value for many malignant neoplasms in terms of treatment response rate and survival. However, its role in non-resected cervical carcinoma remains uncertain. We have collected 96 paraffin-embedded specimens taken from non-resected cervical cancer patients treated by radiotherapy (RT) alone between 1984 and 1986. Our data revealed that FCM has little correlation with patients' age, pathological grade and clinical stage. Ploidy pattern and clinical stage correlate significantly with complete remission (CR) rate (p = 0.001 and 0.03). Most diploid or low-stage tumours (IB to IIA) obtained CR after RT alone. The application of an intravaginal extension electron cone (IVEC) (p = 0.019) and CR status (p = 0.0001) yield significant better overall survival (OS) rates than their alternative groups. The Cox regression model has confirmed these two variables as having an independent influence on OS. We thus conclude that both ploidy pattern and S-phase fraction (SPF) predict neither pre-treatment biological behaviour of the tumours nor overall survival. However, ploidy pattern has an independent influence on CR rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Deoxyribonucleic acid flow cytometric study in pheochromocytomas and its correlation with clinical parameters.

OBJECTIVES: To study deoxyribonucleic acid flow cytometry (DNA-FC) in pheochromocytomas and its correlation with clinical parameters. METHODS: Fifty cases of pheochromocytomas of a total of 58 cases were studied for DNA-FC from archival paraffin-embedded tissue blocks and were correlated with clinical parameters (ie, size of tumor, benign or malignant pathologic type, vanillymandelic acid [VMA] level in 24 hour urine, age, sex, duration of symptoms, symptom scores). RESULTS: A total of 19 cases were diploid while 31 cases (62%) showed DNA aneuploidy with 21 cases tetraploid. Four cases were malignant. All of them were tetraploid. However, among the 46 benign cases, 10 were aneuploid and 17 were tetraploid. All 19 cases with DNA diploidy were benign. The DNA-FC did not correlate with other clinical parameters in our study. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed a high incidence of DNA aneuploidy in pheochromocytomas. All malignant pheochromocytomas were tetraploid and all cases with DNA diploidy were benign. Long-term follow-up of all cases, especially those with DNA aneuploidy (including tetraploidy), is mandatory.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Utilization and sources of blood components in Taiwan.

A three-year survey program, sponsored by the Department of Health, Taiwan R.O.C., was conducted from 1990 to 1992 to investigate blood utilization and blood sources in Taiwanese hospitals. The survey covered the period from January 1989 to December 1991. The hospitals surveyed included nine to 12 medical centers, 40 to 48 regional hospitals, 148 to 163 community hospitals, and 363 to 451 specialty hospitals. Their respective response rates for three consecutive years were 75.0%, 87.9% and 84.1%. Approximately 86% (for 1988) to 98% (for 1991) of all units transfused in Taiwan were surveyed (unit of blood = 250 ml). Utilization of various blood components, ie, red blood cell (RBC) components, frozen plasma (FP), cryoprecipitate (CRYO) and platelets (PLT), showed a trend of continuous increase. In 1991, 12 medical centers and 48 regional hospitals consumed 81.4% of the RBC components, including whole blood (WB) and packed red blood cells (PRBC), while the remaining 18.6% was consumed by 138 community hospitals and 282 specialty hospitals. The average blood utilization of medical centers was 37,383 units of RBC components, 30,949 units of FP, 6,990 units of CRYO, and 21,353 units of PLT per hospital. Utilization of RBC components was 7,191 units per regional hospital, 1,012 units per community hospital, and 148 units per specialty hospital. In 1991, almost all other components consumed in Taiwan, namely FP, CRYO and PLT, were utilized by medical centers and regional hospitals. WB and PRBC sources showed a drastic decline in paid donation, a modest decrease in hospital blood drawn from voluntary donors and an increasing role of the BLood Donation Association (BDA) in volunteer blood donation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed1993

Detection of beta-thalassemia carrier by direct analysis of beta-globin gene lesions.

DNA was prepared from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 114 Chinese with low erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume and analyzed by allele-specific DNA amplification for the presence of mutant alleles in the beta-globin gene that account for about 90% of beta-thalassemia in Chinese. A total of 9 mutations of the five most frequent mutant alleles were detected in 8 individuals. All mutant sequences were confirmed later by DNA sequencing. However, no mutation of these mutant alleles was detected in the remaining 106 individuals with low erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume including 22 who also had Hb A2 content of 6.0% or more. Our results seem to suggest that the presence of beta-thalassemia allele does not correlate very well with red blood cell indices and that direct DNA analysis by allele-specific DNA amplification is an accurate method to identify beta-thalassemia heterozygotes.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

Angiosarcoma of the small intestine after radiation therapy: report of a case.

A case of angiosarcoma of the small intestine is reported. The patient had a past history of cervical cancer, for which she had received radiotherapy eight years previously. She presented with an acute abdomen, and a distal jejunal perforation was found during emergency surgery. The patient expired due to reperforation of the bowel with peritonitis two months after discharge. The pathology of the resected bowel segment showed evidence of previous radiotherapy and infiltration by angiosarcoma involving all layers of the bowel, which had perforated. Submucosal fibrosis and angioectasia indicative of radiation therapy were also evident. The findings suggest that angiosarcoma of the small intestine may occur at sites of previous radiation therapy and may be causally related.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Bone marrow necrosis in 38 adult cancer patients.

From 1977 to 1990, 40 cases of bone marrow necrosis (BMN) were diagnosed among 10,856 (0.37%) consecutive bone marrow aspirations performed alone or with biopsy. All but two patients had underlying malignancies. Leukemia, nasopharyngeal cancer and cancer of unknown origin were the most common underlying diseases. Severe bone pain and fever were the predominant presenting symptoms. Anemia, schistocytes and leukoerythroblastosis were noted in the peripheral blood smears in 97% (37/38), 72% (22/32), and 66% (23/35) of the patients with cancer and BMN. Malignant cells were found in bone marrow aspirates or biopsy specimens in all but one of the patients. Varied degrees of disseminated intravascular coagulation were demonstrated in all of the 10 patients examined who displayed coagulation status. Four of seven patients with leukemia achieved complete remission after chemotherapy, and the survival time for the complete responders ranged from 10 months to eight years. The outcome of cancer patients with BMN who did not respond to chemotherapy was poor, with a median survival time of six weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Apoxesis of primary tracheal tumor. A clinical analysis of 23 cases.

During a 17-year period, 23 patients with primary tracheal tumors underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, PUMC Hospital (11 cases of benign tumor of the trachea, 12 cases of low malignancies). Fourteen times of apoxesis were performed in 11 patients with benign tumors who were followed up for an average of 6.3 years. Fifteen operations were performed in 12 cases including local resection of the tracheal wall and tumor in 4, and curettage of tumor plus electric cauterization on the basis in 10. Eight of 9 patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma received postoperative adjuvant irradiation, with a 5-year postoperative survival rate of 75% (6/8) and 3 cases survived over ten years. The desirability of apoxesis and local resection of tracheal tumor is discussed. The authors suggest that these two surgical patterns can be regarded as a simple and effective treatment for patients with primary tracheal tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Exclusion probabilities of red cell antigen systems for Chinese.

Little data are available in the literature for Chinese people, regarding genotype frequencies of red cell antigen systems. Furthermore, no recommendations for proper selection of red cell antigen systems for paternity testing have been established for a Chinese population. Consequently, calculating a paternity index is impossible. Blood typing of 336-1919 samples of Taiwanese Chinese was undertaken to determine various red blood cell antigens. Gene frequencies and probabilities of exclusion (PE) for the red cell antigen systems were then analyzed. The distributions of the red cell antigens were quite homogeneous. The incidence of D, s, k, Fya and Lub antigens was high, 99.6%, 99.7%, 100%, 99.8% and 99.4%, respectively. On the contrary, that for the K antigen was very low. The PE for the ABO, Rh, MNSs, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, P, and Lutheran systems was 0.1910, 0.1961, 0.2237, 0.0003, 0.0444, 0.1870, 0.0806, and 0, respectively. The cumulative PE (CPE) using ABO, Rh, MNSs, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, P and Lutheran systems was 0.6394, while CPE for ABO, Rh, MNSs, Duffy, Kidd, and P systems was 0.6394. Thus, it appears that the Kell and Lutheran systems are not suitable for paternity testing because of their low probability of exclusions. Duffy system may also be excluded for its low PE. The CPE for ABO, Rh, MNSs, Kidd and P systems was 0.6226.

Asian People↗
PubMed1992

The phenotype and gene frequencies of human platelet specific antigens among Chinese in Taiwan.

Human platelet specific antigens (HPA) were serologically typed among 48 to 567 samples of blood from Chinese in Taiwan by using the mixed passive hemag-glutination method (MPHA). The prevalence found was: HPA-la (P1A1), > 99.9% (48/48); HPA-2b (Koa or Siba), 9.0% (51/567); HPA-3a (Baka), 84.8% (481/567); HPA-4a (Yukb), > 99.9% (567/567); HPA-4b (Yuka), 0.5% (3/567); HPA-5b (Br(a)), 32.6% (185/567); and Nak(a), 98.4% (558/567). The gene frequencies for these antigens were: HPA-la (P1A1), > 0.999; HPA-2b (Koa or Siba), 0.046; HPA-3a (Bak(a)), 0.611; HPA-4a (Yukb), 0.997; HPA-4b (Yuka), 0.003; HPA-5b (Br(a)), 0.179; and Nak(a), 0.874. The distribution of HPA's for Chinese differ from those for Caucasians and for Japanese. When compared to Caucasians, Chinese show a higher prevalence of HPA-la (P1A1), higher prevalence of HPA-5b (Br(a)), lower prevalence of HPA-2b (Koa or Siba) and lower prevalence of HPA-3a (Baka). Both Chinese and Japanese have a very high prevalence rate of HPA-la (P1A1), ie. close to 100%. However, the prevalence of HPA 2-2b (Koa or Siba) and HPA-4b (Yuka) is slightly lower in Chinese than in Japanese; and, the prevalence rate for HPA-3a (Baka) is slightly higher in Chinese than in Japanese.

Antigens, Human Platelet↗
PubMed1992

Therapeutic effect of carbon dioxide laser versus single application of trichloroacetic acid for koilocytic squamous papillae.

This paper reports the treatment results of 50 symptomatic females who had clinical features of squamous papillae and histologic evidence of koilocytosis. Either a carbon dioxide laser or a single application of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was used to treat these patients. All of the patients were alternately and prospectively randomized into one of two groups. Twenty-three of the 25 women treated by laser and 10 of the 25 women treated by TCA had resolution of either the symptoms or the vulvar lesions in a follow-up period ranging from six to 22 months. Hence, we were able to control the symptoms and lesions in 92% of the women following initial laser treatment and 40% of the women following a single application of TCA. In addition, cosmetic results were satisfactory, and complications were minimal in the laser-treated group of patients. However, human papillomavirus DNA was still detected three to four weeks after treatment in 24% of the women treated by laser and 64% of the women treated by TCA. Whether they are at a higher risk of recurrence as compared to those without detectable viral DNA remains to be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Serum hepatitis B virus DNA in hepatitis B virus seropositive and seronegative patients with normal liver function.

The presence of hepatitis type B virus (HBV) DNA in serum specimens from 926 apparently healthy people with normal liver functions was determined by polymerase chain reaction; 41.2% of people with positive results for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) (94 of 228) and 95.2% of people with positive results for HBV e antigen (HBeAg) (60 of 63) were found to have positive results for serum HBV DNA. On the other hand, serum HBV DNA was found in 11.0% (77 of 698) of HBsAg-negative people and in 13% (69 of 530) of those who had positive results for serum antibodies directed against HBsAg. The results seem to suggest that HBV DNA can be found in a significant portion of apparently healthy people with normal liver function who are either seronegative for HBsAg or seropositive for antibodies directed against HBsAg.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Evidence of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid in vulvar squamous papillomatosis.

Squamous papillae of the vulva represent a controversial lesion. Forty-six women with histologically confirmed vulvar squamous papillae and koilocytosis were studied at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Vulvar washings were analyzed by the filter in-situ technique using biotin-labeled probes for typing human papillomavirus DNA. Forty of 46 women (87%) were symptomatic. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was detected in 76% (35 of 46) of women, including type 6/11 in 21.7%, type 16/18/31/33 in 45.6%, and both types in 8.6%. Furthermore, intraepithelial neoplasia was found in the epithelium of squamous papillae in two women. This study suggests the potential value of histologic examination and HPV DNA typing in separating anatomic variation from pathologic squamous papillae. We suggest that those squamous papillae with histologic evidence of koilocytosis be designated as squamous papillomatosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Flow cytometric DNA analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma: preliminary report.

Flow cytometric DNA analysis was performed in 50 paraffin-embedded specimens of clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatic resections. The DNA distribution pattern was classified in two types, diploid and aneuploid, according to the degree of dispersion on the DNA histogram. The major DNA pattern of HCC in this report proved to be aneuploid (78%), although 22% of tumors revealed a diploid pattern. The serum alpha-fetoprotein level exceeded 40 ng/ml in 86.1% of the aneuploid tumors and in 13.9% of the diploid tumors (p less than 0.05). We found no correlation between DNA distribution and hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, the presence of liver cirrhosis or tumor size. Additionally we noted no significant correlation between the DNA pattern and survival rates in patients with HCC who underwent hepatic resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Laser nephelometric quantitation of protein in urine and cerebrospinal fluid.

We describe a rapid method for the routine determination of protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in urine using laser nephelometer. The relative light scattering (RLS) resulting from the interaction of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and protein is linearly related to the concentration of protein from 0.01 to 6.0 g/L. Precision studies indicate that the day-to-day coefficient of variation (CV) for two CSF controls (0.32 and 0.64 g/L) were 6.4% and 4.9%, respectively. The day-to-day CV's for two urine controls (0.39 and 0.84 g/L) were 5.8% and 2.9%, respectively. Correlation studies with a manual spectroturbidimetric method revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.99 for both CSF and urine specimens. The proposed method, which uses a smaller sample size, is fast and provides greater sensitivity at low ranges due to the ability to increase the sensitivity by the laser nephelometer.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins↗
PubMed1990

Early and late results of total gastrectomy in treatment of advanced adenocarcinoma of the cardia.

Sixty-six patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the cardia underwent total gastrectomy between 1978 and 1986. The operative morbidity rate was 7.5% and the hospital mortality rate (1 month) was 1.5%. The postoperative 1, 3, 4, and 5 year survival rates were 69%, 30.7%, 20% and 13.8% respectively. The quality of life after surgery was improved. Pathological type, lymph node metastasis, completeness of resection and postoperative chemotherapy were the main factors influencing postoperative survival time. Indications for total gastrectomy and the advantages of transthoracic total gastrectomy are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗