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Biomedical subjects

C F Wang

Publications and source records attributed to C F Wang.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Identification of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 5' end and exons of the PRKAG3 gene in Hubbard White broiler, Leghorn layer, and three Chinese indigenous chicken breeds.

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase plays an important role in regulating the level of ATP in the presence of metabolic stress. Previous studies revealed that polymorphisms in 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase gamma 3 subunit (PRKAG3) gene are associated with meat quality in pigs. In the present study, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5'-end and exons of chicken PRKAG3 gene were identified with the method of single-strand conformation polymorphism in Hubbard ISA White broiler, Leghorn layer, and three Chinese indigenous chicken breeds, Tibet Chicken, Shouguang Chicken and Beijing Yellow Chicken. Two SNPs in the 5'-end of the gene and 10 SNPs in exons 3, 4, 9 and 11, of which three caused amino acid substitutions, were identified in the PRKAG3 gene of the five chicken breeds. The results will facilitate further study on the association between the mutations of PRKAG3 and chicken meat quality.

5' Flanking Region↗
PubMed2005

Characteristics of aerosols collected in central Taiwan during an Asian dust event in spring 2000.

Aerosol samples for PM(2.5) and PM(2.5-10) were collected at four locations in central Taiwan from 26 to 31 March 2000, a period that experienced exceedingly high PM levels from 29 to 30 March due to the passage of an Asian dust storm. The samples were analyzed for mass, metallic elements, ions, and carbon. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the dust storm on the characteristics of local ambient particulate matter. The results indicate that the concentrations of the crustal elements Ca, Mg, Al, Fe and the sea salt species Na+ and Cl- in PM(2.5-10) during the dust episode exceed the mean concentrations in the non-dust period by factors of 3.1, 2.9, 2.6, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.1 respectively. Enrichment factors of Ca, Fe, and Mg in PM(2.5-10) during the dust event are close to unity, indicating that these elements are from soil. Reconstruction of aerosol compositions revealed that soil of coarse particulates elevated approximately 50% in the dust event. It is noted that during the dust event, the ratio of Mg/Al in PM(2.5-10) ranged from 0.21 to 0.25 while that of Ca/Al ranged from 0.6 to 0.9, levels more constant than those obtained in non-dust period.

Aerosols↗
PubMed2005

The clinical value of serum CEA, CA19-9, and CA242 in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

AIM: Serum tumour markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and CA242 were investigated to evaluate the values of single and combined test in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Pre-operative serum CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 were measured in 105 pancreatic cancers, 70 non-pancreatic malignancies and 30 benign pancreatic diseases. RESULTS: The sensitivity of CA19-9 alone was the highest in pancreatic cancer patients (80%), but the specificity was significantly lower than that of CEA and CA242 (P<0.01). The combination of CEA and CA242 could increase the specificity to 92%. In serum CA242 positive patients, the survival time was remarkably shorter than that of patients with negative result (P<0.01). The survival time in patients with more than two markers positive expression of CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 was obviously shorter than that of only one or no marker positive expression (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic rate of CA19-9 in pancreatic cancer is better than that of CEA and CA242. Combined detection of CEA and CA242 can improve the diagnostic specificity obviously. High levels of serum markers are associated with advanced stage of the disease. Patients with two or three markers positive expression of CEA, CA19-9, and CA242 simultaneously had a shorter survival time.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Cholesterol-3-beta, 5-alpha, 6-beta-triol induced genotoxicity through reactive oxygen species formation.

The mutagenicity of oxysterols, cholesterol-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol (alpha-Triol), 7-keto-cholesterol (7-Keto) and cholesterol-5alpha,6alpha-epoxide (alpha-Epox) were examined by the Ames method and chromosome aberration test in this study. Only alpha-Triol concentration-dependently caused an increase of bacterial revertants in the absence of metabolic activating enzymes (S9), but not 7-keto and alpha-Epox. The mutagenic effect of alpha-Triol was reduced by the addition of S9. On the other hand, although alpha-Triol significantly induced chromosome aberration in CHO-K1 cells with and without S9. However, the addition of S9 reduced the degree of abnormal structure chromosome compared to without S9 mix. Catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibited alpha-Triol induced increase of revertants in Salmonella typhimurium and chromosome aberration frequency in CHO cells, suggesting that reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be involved in the genotoxic effect of alpha-Triol. Treatment with alpha-Triol increased the ROS production in CHO cells, which could be attenuated by catalase and SOD. Results in this study suggested, for the first time that alpha-Triol, causes genotoxic effect in an ROS-dependent manner.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Molecular epidemiology of enterovirus 71 in Taiwan.

Taiwan suffered a severe and widespread outbreak of enterovirus infection in 1998. More than 400 children were hospitalized, with seventy-eight fatalities due to central nerve system (CNS) involvement and cardiopulmonary collapse. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) was incriminated as the causative agent for the fatal cases. To understand the viral molecular epidemiology in this outbreak, fragments of 207-bp length of the VP4 region in 23 Taiwanese EV 71 isolates were sequenced. Pair-wise comparison revealed a 17.5-24.4% difference between the isolates and the prototype BrCr. However, all the changes in the VP4 region of the isolated strains were synonymous substitutions. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on these 23 isolates and 21 others deposited in GenBank. In this study, forty-four EV71 isolates from the world were separated into three distinct genotypes: A, B and C. The EV71 prototype strain, BrCr/70, is the only strain of genotype A. Group B included strains from the United States, Japan and Taiwan. Most strains in genotype B were isolated prior to 1990. Group C consisted of strains from Japan and Taiwan. Most strains of genotype C were isolated after 1990, they were further divided into 3 clusters: i.e. C-1, C-2 and C-3. In Taiwan, two genotypes, B and C-3, were co-circulating during the outbreak in 1998, although a minor group of genotype B may have appeared in Taiwan before 1986. The majority of the isolates clustered in genotype C-3. Genotype C showed a higher evolutionary rate than genotype B (3.9 x 10(-3) vs. 1.4 x 10(-3)) in the VP4 region. There seems to be a worldwide trend with strains of genotype B appearing earlier than strains of genotype C which took over later in the dominance.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Residue characteristics and pore development of petrochemical industry sludge pyrolysis.

Petrochemical industry bio-sludge was pyrolyzed to investigate the composition and pore size distribution of pyrolytic residue. Results indicated that the carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen concentrations could be reduced after an increase in pyrolytic temperature. The trace element analysis indicated that Al, Ca, Fe, Mg. K, Cu, Sr, and Sb concentrated during the pyrolytic process. When forty grams of pre-dried sludge were pyrolyzed at various pyrolytic temperatures, the transfers from the gas phase to liquid phase to residue were from 21.2 to 36.0%, from 49.0 to 70.0%, and from 8.3 to 16.5%. Results of the pore size distribution examination indicated that the mesopore had the greatest effect on the bio-sludge pyrolysis. The optimal pyrolytic temperatures and times were approximately 800 degrees C for 30 min and 900 degrees C for 10 min. The conceptual model can reasonably explain the pore structure development during the pyrolysis process.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed2001

[Transdermal microparticle delivery by a supersonic-Helios gun system].

AIM: To investigate the effect of particle size and high speed flow of helium gas on the systemic absorption of indomethacin using a needle-less injection system. METHODS: Poly-L-lactic acid microspheres containing indomethacin was prepared by the o/w solvent evaporation technique. After anesthetizing the male hairless rat, microspheres filled in the tube cartridge was accelerated by a stream of helium gas at various velocity in the Helios gun system, and then was introduced to the abdominal skin. RESULTS: Introduction of indomethacin to the hairless rat skin was proportionally increased with enhancing the helium pressure (supersonic flow). Bioavailability and Cmax were also dependent on the helium pressure. CONCLUSION: This method can be used to deliver the powered drug and/or microparticulate systems into the skin tissues and the systemic circulation.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2001

[Pharmaceutical evaluation of fast-disintegrant tablet containing nicorandil-loaded particles].

AIM: To improve the bioavailability and taste of fast-disintegrating tablet (FD tablet) containing nicorandil-loaded particles. METHODS: A FD tablet containing nicorandil-loaded particles with 1%-4% croscarmellose sodium in addition of D-mannitol and lactose (9:1) was prepared and the dissolution and absorption characteristics were examined, in comparison with FD tablet and commercial tablets of nicorandil. In vivo absorption of nicorandil from FD tablet was evaluated in beagle dogs. RESULTS: The disintegration time of FD tablets containing 1% croscarmellose sodium with 6 mm and 10 mm in diameter were about 12 and 23 seconds, respectively. When nicorandil-loaded particles consist of myristyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol were put in FD tablet, nicorandil release from FD tablet continued until 6 h while nicorandil release from Sigmart and FD tablet containing nicorandil crystals finished within 5 min. In vivo absorption of nicorandil from Sigmart and FD tablet containing nicorandil crystals was very similar after oral administration in beagle dogs and no statistic difference in AUC, Tmax, Cmax was observed between these tablets. However pharmacokinetics parameters of nicorandil after oral administration of FD tablet containing nicorandil-loaded particles showed that nicorandil was delivered into the body at a suitable absorption rate with similar AUC, delayed Tmax and lower Cmax. CONCLUSION: The reports suggest that the modification of properties of myristyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol released from the drug-loaded particles system would lead to more acceptable bioavailability of the system. However, The formulation of particles and may have a masking effect against the bitter taste and irritation of the drug.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Effect of NPY in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus on uncoupling proteins 1, 2, and 3 in the rat.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) injected into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) stimulates feeding and decreases uncoupling protein (UCP)-1 mRNA in brown adipose tissue (BAT). The present studies were undertaken to determine whether UCP-2 in white adipose tissue (WAT) and UCP-3 in muscle are regulated by NPY in the PVN. PVN-cannulated male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with either saline or NPY (PVN, 117 pmol, 0.5 microl) every 6 h for 24 h. NPY in the PVN stimulated feeding and decreased UCP-1 mRNA in BAT independent of NPY-induced feeding. UCP-2 mRNA in WAT was unchanged by NPY. In acromiotrapezius muscle, NPY decreased UCP-3 mRNA, but this was reversed by restricting food intake to control levels. In biceps femoris muscle, NPY alone had no effect on UCP-3 mRNA, but UCP-3 mRNA was significantly increased in the NPY-treated rats that were restricted to control levels of intake. These results suggest that UCP-2 in WAT and UCP-3 in muscle are not subject to specific regulation by NPY in the PVN.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2000

Unexpected recurrent seizures following repeated spinal injections of tetracaine--a case report.

A 36-year-old male patient was scheduled to undergo ureteroscopic lithotomy because of left ureteral stone under spinal anesthesia. After receiving a renewed spinal anesthesia with 8 mg tetracaine to compensate for the first attempt (with 10 mg tetracaine), which proved to be a failure, he was soon seized with episodic seizure attacks. Central nervous system toxicity of the local anesthetic might be the cause of the seizure. We brought forward this case for discussion for warning that the possibility of systemic toxicity of local anesthetic might exist despite a seemingly undisputable spinal anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Influence of smoking on nasal airway resistance].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the influence of smoking on nasal airway resistance (NAR). METHOD: The unilateral and total NAR of 40 normal controls, 41 slight smokers and 42 heavy smokers were evaluated by anterior rhinomanometry before and after nasal decongestion. RESULT: Before nasal decongestion, the unilateral and total NAR of heavy smokers increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with that of normal controls. After decongestion, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). Whenever before or after decongestion, there was no significant difference between slight smokers and normal controls (P > 0.1). CONCLUSION: Long-time and heavy smoking can enhance the NAR, which may be due to the chang of blood vessels in nasal mucosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[A new method to evaluate the eustachian tube function].

OBJECTIVE: To study the practicality of a new method to evaluate eustachian tube function. METHOD: We acquired the tympanogram of 30 normal persons (60 cases) by means of classical tympanometry, Toynbee test and valsalva maneuvre respectively, the peak point of each tympanogram was P1, P2 and P3 corresponding P1 -P2 > 10 daPa or Pmax-Pmin > 15 daPa was accepted as normal. RESULT: 70% cases were accepted normal, whose peak point shifted obviously. CONCLUSION: The method is a simple, objective and practical one; If the peak point shifts obviously, the function of ET is normal; On the contrary, if the function of ET may be abnormal, other tests should be performed.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed2000

[The evaluation of eustachian tube function in patients suffered from SOM with C type curve].

OBJECTIVE: To explore eustachian tube (ET) function in patients suffered from SOM with C type curve. METHOD: To test the tympanogram following toynbee test and valsalva manoeuvre respectively. The shift of peak point was quantified and the results were compared with normal subjects. RESULT: ET dysfunction was found in 52.38% of the patients, it was observed in 30% of the normal subjects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: ET dysfunction is one of the causes of SOM with C type curve, but not the only cause.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed2000

[The study of the distortion product emission in the people with hypertriglyceride].

OBJECTIVE: To study the change of the amplitude and latency of the distortion product emission (DPOAE) in the people with hypertriglyceride. METHOD: The DPOAE amplitude and latency of 30 people with hypertriglyceride and 18 normal was acquired with ILO-V5. RESULT: Although the hearing threshold of pure tone was not affected, but DPOAE amplitude of the people with hypertriglyceride was significantly decreased with the normal people, the changes of latency was not significantly affected. CONCLUSION: The cochlea of patient with hyperlipidemia may be damage in its early-stage. The generating mechanism of DPOAE latency and amplitude may be different.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Ventilation tube in adults with middle-ear effusion.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to analyze the data concerning otitis media with effusion (OME) to configure its etiology, symptomatology, and outcome in adults. METHOD: A retrospective study of 198 consecutive cases (260 ears) of OME was conducted between July 1988 and June 1996. All of the patients were older than 16 years and were diagnosed for the first time. Tympanograms, initial symptoms, underlying diseases, extrusion of the ventilation tube, and recurrence rate of effusion were analyzed. RESULTS: Sinusitis was usually seen in patients 16 to 29 and over 60 years old, whereas nasopharyngeal carcinoma was prevalent in patients 30 to 59 years old. Ear stuffiness (75.3%) was the most prevalent initial symptom, followed by hearing impairment (74.2%). One hundred seventy-five ears from 132 patients had been followed up for more than 2 years. In four ears, ventilation tubes were removed by instrument; the ventilation tubes in the remaining 171 ears of 128 patients extruded spontaneously within 20 months (8.6 months on average). Recurrence of effusion within 2 years was noted in 78.8% (78/99 ears) of patients with head and neck tumours and in 27.3% (12/44 ears) of patients with sinusitis. CONCLUSION: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and sinusitis were the main etiologies of OME in adults. In addition to treatment of sinusitis, nasopharyngeal check-up is mandatory in adults with OME.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Seroepidemiology of human parvovirus B19 in Taiwan.

In order to determine the prevalence and risk factors of human parvovirus B19 (B19) infection in Taiwan, a seroepidemiological study was carried out in 19 townships. Serum samples were collected from 862 healthy residents, who were selected by stratified random sampling from various study areas. They were chosen from four different ethnic groups including aborigines, Fukien Taiwanese, Hakka Taiwanese, and mainland Chinese. Serum samples were screened for B19 IgG antibody by indirect antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and B19 IgM by IgM antibody capture (MAC)-ELISA, respectively. The overall prevalence of anti-B19 IgG and anti-B19 IgM was 32.8% and 0.35%, respectively. The anti-B19 seropositive rate in females was significantly higher than that of males (36.4% vs. 29.4%, P < .001). The age-sex-adjusted seropositive rate in urban townships (39.9%) was higher than that in aboriginal townships (30.5%, P < .001). The seropositive rate increased significantly with age showing a dose-response relationship (P=0.0001 based on a trend test). Blood transfusion was found to be associated with an increased seropositive rate showing a multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of 1.6.

Adolescent↗