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Biomedical subjects

C Faletti

Publications and source records attributed to C Faletti.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in sports-related muscle injuries.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis of traumatic muscle injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 2003 to June 2004, 81 football players with a history of traumatic muscle injuries to the lower limbs were examined. US was performed shortly after the trauma (from 6 to 72 h afterwards) and MRI within a maximum of 5 days. RESULTS: MRI revealed 26 minor and 55 major traumas. MRI and US showed complete concordance in 71 patients (site, type and extent of injury). US produced ten false negative results, including six minor lesions and four major lesions. US had a sensitivity of 87.65% in the correct identification of muscle injuries; its sensitivity was 92.72% for major lesions and 76.92% for minor lesions, 57% for delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), 80% for lengthenings, 83% for contractures, 84% for strains, 87.5% for mild contusions and 100% for severe contusions. CONCLUSIONS: US is the first-line technique for examination of muscle injuries. MRI is able to reveal lesions that may be missed at US and provide a more accurate assessment of site and extent of injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Ankle impingement syndrome].

PURPOSE: The ankle impingement syndrome depends on many factors (fiber or bone production changes) manifested with pain and limited range of movement of the tibiotarsal joint. We tried to classify the various causes and sites of impingement syndromes with MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort of 42 selected patients underwent a 2-year orthopedic follow-up. All patients were examined with MRI using both a low field permanent dedicated magnet at 0.2 Tesla (Artoscan, Esaote Biomedica, Genoa, Italy) and a high field General Electric unit at 1.0 T; sequences and views were chosen according to the condition studied. Gd-DTPA was administered in 26/42 patients. All patients underwent arthroscopy. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients had positive symptoms in the anterolateral region of the ankle and 14 of them had lateral changes. In 13 patients we found fibrous tissue (meniscoid lesion) or hypertrophy of the synovial tissue. An intra-articular body was observed in one patient. An osteophyte was found in 5 patients at the level of the anterior margin of the tibia, with the presence of reactive synovial tissue. Three of 18 patients with posterior pain had a traumatic injury of the posterior exterior tubercle of the astragalus, 7 had a fracture of the os trigonum and 2 had small sclerotic foci formations in calceneal site; chondropathy with sclerosis of subchondral bone was diagnosed in 2 patients. Posterior bone impingement was observed in the remaining 4 patients. Two patients had synovial impingement in posterolateral site. A posterior plica synovialis was seen in 1 patient. Fibrotic-scar tissue was observed in one case, in the subtalus region (impingement synovialis subtalaris). The administration of intra-articular Gd-DTPA provided better definition of the fibrous tissue and the intra-articular free bodies. Modest vascular enhancement of the tissues was seen in 9 of 8 patients receiving the contrast agent. In the other two cases, where signal tissue was low, no signal enhancement was observed after the contrast agent administration. DISCUSSION: Based on integrated MR, clinical and arthroscopic findings we classified tibiotarsal joint impingement syndromes into three types, namely: 1) bone impingement; 2) fibrous impingement where both site and grade are considered; 3) impingement synovialis subtalaris. CONCLUSIONS: MRI appears to be a fundamental diagnostic imaging tool in depicting and detailing the various patterns and sites of the impingement syndrome of the tibiotarsal joint thus allowing an objective classification.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Knee impingement syndromes.

INTRODUCTION: The so-called knee impingement syndromes are very frequently reported in both professional and amateur sportsmen. PURPOSE: The objective of our study was to classify the most frequent knee changes responsible for such syndromes considering both pathology and diagnostic work-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our patients complained of aspecific symptoms related to articular meniscal, ligament or cartilage, conditions. The site of pain was periarticular and there was no apparent sign of acute traumatic events. All individuals, aged 16-55, practised sports at different levels and women were the majority of the sample. The study was carried out from 1995 to 1997 and all the medical records presented in occasion of the sports-medicine check-up were reviewed. RESULTS: The sites of symptom onset were divided into medial, lateral, anterior and posterior. For each of them the most frequent conditions which could be defined as impingement syndromes, were defined paying particular attention to the possible methods of diagnosis useful to classify the disorder. As for anterior syndromes, patellofemoral disorders were the most frequent findings. They were associated with either incorrect torsion movements of the lower limbs or local dysplasia. Alterations in the single skeletal and cartilage structures were reported. Always referring to anterior syndromes, Hoffa's fat pad imflammation and the jumper's knee were a less frequent finding. As for posterior impingement syndromes, the most frequent abnormalities involved the insertional tract of the midcalf muscle associated with bursa reaction and insertional popliteus hypertrophy. As for medial syndromes, the most frequent abnormality involved the parapatellar synovial fold whose symptoms can be often mistaken for a meniscal injury. Less frequent is the involvement of the 'pes anserinus' tendinitis and the insertional enthesopathy of the semimembranosus muscle. As for lateral syndromes, the phlogistic involvement of the distal insertional tract of the broad fascia tensor tendon with bursa reaction is very frequently reported, while the inflammation of the popliteal tendon and of the femoral bicipital tendon is less common. CONCLUSIONS: Although less frequent than meniscal and ligament injuries, impingement syndromes must be taken into due consideration when looking for knee disorders resorting to different diagnosis methods. Diagnostic imaging is very useful in this regard as it allows a proper and correct diagnosis procedure for any single condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Magnetic resonance arthrography. Preliminary experience in study technic and main diagnostic applications].

In the study of osteoarticular conditions, MRI makes a definite diagnostic improvement, even though some problems are still to be solved. Thus, on the basis of their arthrographic experience, the authors experimentally applied this technique to MRI, to assess the actual feasibility of MR arthrography. Forty-three patients were selected to undergo MR examinations after the intraarticular injection of 15-20 ml paramagnetic contrast agent (Gd-DTPA), with 0.25% saline solution. Before MR arthrography every patient underwent a baseline MR arthrography exam. Normal anatomy was better depicted with MR arthrography. In all cases, even small lesions and other structural changes missed at baseline MRI were demonstrated. Therefore, in agreement with previous arthrographic and CT arthrographic reports, we believe MR arthrography to be a simple technique improving MR diagnostic capabilities in selected cases.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1988

[Double-contrast arthrography in recurrent luxations of the shoulder].

One hundred and ninety-three shoulder arthrographies were performed between 1979 and 1985 on patients affected by recurrent dislocations. The diagnostic doubt was cleared up in 162 cases (83%). Arthrographic diagnosis was confirmed by pathological findings in 92% of the patients who underwent surgery. The double-contrast technique under local anaesthesia with anterior access is suggested, since it allows several arthrograms in different projections. Thus, an analytic study of the articular damage can be carried out. The patterns of each projection are briefly shown. Revision of case histories points out that: a) the use of arthrography should always be assessed on a clinical-radiological basis for each patient; b) there is no doubt as to the usefulness of this examination as a direct means of exploration, as far as the articular damage is concerned, not only as an aid to future surgery, but also in the follow-up of the results of the treatment in the long run.

Arthrography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Superficial peroneal nerve entrapment in a young athlete: the diagnostic contribution of magnetic resonance imaging.

Fascial entrapment of the superficial peroneal nerve produced severe pain in the ankle and foot of a 16-year-old female athlete after several sprains of the same ankle. The pain coexisted with erythema and sensory alteration of the area involved. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of this unusual neuropathy. Limited fasciectomy, at the point where the nerve becomes subcutaneous, relieved all symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fibro-cartilaginous lesions of the glenoid labrum in shoulder instability: a proposed classification using sagittal-oblique arthro-MRI.

PURPOSE: To propose a graded classification of lesions of the fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum in traumatic dislocations of the shoulder, based on arthro-MRI in sagittal-oblique views. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-one patients with histories of chronic post-traumatic shoulder instability were studied from May 2000 to May 2001. MR images were obtained using superconducting magnets operating at 1 and 1.5 Tesla, with a dedicated shoulder coil. The study was carried out in combination with arthrography, with axial sections oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the glena, oblique coronal sections parallel to the course of the supraspinous muscle tendon and oblique sagittal sections with axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the glena. RESULTS: In one case an anatomical variant was found (Buford complex). In 18 patients a simple fissuration of the fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum was found, whereas 28 patients displayed more extensive lesions affecting the middle-inferior portions of the labrum. In 15 patients the lesion extended to the middle-superior third of the glena, involving the middle glenohumeral ligament. In 9 cases, in addition to a complete lesion of the labrum, with typical "bucket-handle" appearance, a lesion of the superior and middle glenohumeral ligaments was also observed. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: In traumatic shoulder dislocations it is essential to provide the surgeon with precise information regarding the location, extension and degree of damage to the capsule, ligaments and especially the labrum of the glenohumeral joint. On the basis of the results obtained in the sagittal-oblique sections we propose an MR-arthrography classification dividing lesions of the fibrocartilaginous labrum into 4 grades.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The integration of vascular surgical techniques with oncological surgical protocols in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the limbs.

Soft tissue tumors, involving the vascular bundle, require a particular surgical approach: oncological and vascular surgical techniques must be integrated in order to perform a limb-saving surgery with adequate margins. Thirty-six soft tissue sarcomas of the thigh and popliteal region were treated from June 1999 to September 2002. Nineteen cases involving the vascular bundle were analysed and placed in two groups according to imaging and clinical information: Group A, 14 patients, with tumors close to femoral vessels without adventitial infiltration, and Group B, 5 patients, with vascular infiltration. Group A was treated with vascular blunt dissection performing adventitial excision. Group B was treated with vascular "en-bloc" resection and reconstruction. Imaging and clinical information together with surgical techniques, strategies and complications were analysed in order to plan the surgical approach in neoplastic vascular bundle involvement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Echocolor Power Doppler with contrast medium to evaluate vascularization in lesions of the soft tissues of the limbs.

PURPOSE: Echocolor Power Doppler with contrast medium forms a non-invasive vascular image; the purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness in differentiating benign and malignant tumors in the soft tissues of the limbs. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Echocolor Power Doppler with contrast medium was used to study 80 patients with swelling in the soft tissues of the limbs: there were 54 benign lesions, 22 sarcomas, and 4 aggressive desmoid fibromatoses. RESULTS: Were identified 4 patterns of wash-in and wash-out curves that could be correlated to the histological diagnosis: type I was present in 85% of benign lesions, type III in 91% of malignant lesions and in 3.7% of the benign ones, type II in aggressive fibromatoses, anomalous type in 4 benign lesions and 2 sarcomas; the curve was absent in 2 benign lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Power Doppler Echocolor with contrast medium can become a useful method to be associated with traditional imaging methods in the differential diagnosis of swelling of the soft tissues of the limbs.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT evaluation pre- and post-percutaneous ablation by radiofrequency of osteoid osteoma. Preliminary experience.

PURPOSE: Evaluation of bone remanagement after treatment by thermoablation of osteoid osteoma (OO) by CT scan. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Nine cases of OO (8 in the limbs, 1 in the pelvis) following biopsy were treated by CT-guided thermoablation. Clinical results, complications, density of tissues treated by CT scan (pre-postop, 6, 12 months) are evaluated. RESULTS: Absence of complications, regression of pain over 2 weeks, resumption of sports activity in 1 month. Bone density after treatment increases but even after 1 year it is much lower than normal levels. CONCLUSIONS: Bone remodeling after thermoablation of OO requires much time, the process is still visible 12 months later by CT scan. CT scan is an adequate method, not only for diagnosis and treatment, but also for follow-up, capable of evaluating in time the changes in density of the site of the lesion, which is useful for a comparison in case of postoperative pain of doubtful origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiology in the diagnosis of Goodpasture's syndrome].

Radiology has an important part to play in Goodpasture's syndrome. The radio-sympatomatological value of lung changes are clarified and subdivided into primary, secondary and mixed, and mention made of the possible significance of cardiomegaly, where present. Special attention is paid to the importance of radiological exploration of the kidneys for the recognition of changes whose concomitance with lung changes may suggest diagnosis of Goodpasture's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Goodpasture's syndrome. Two cases (author's transl)].

A brief report of two cases of Goodpasture's pneumonephrotoxic syndrome offers the greatest contribution that can be given by renal radiographic signs obtained by contrast radiography. Their association with already known pulmonary signs helps diagnosis and is an absolute indication for nephrobiopsy.

Adult↗