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Biomedical subjects

C Frimodt-Møller

Publications and source records attributed to C Frimodt-Møller.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The treatment of female bladder neck dysfunction.

During the period 1981-88, 38 women who eventually had the diagnosis of bladder neck obstruction established, were treated by bladder neck incision. Their age range was 28-85 years. The preoperative investigations included a full urodynamic examination and urethro-cystoscopy. The gynecologic examination was normal. The most constant finding was an elevated, rigid bladder neck seen by endoscopy. The treatment included a bladder neck incision either at 4 or at 8 o'clock. The results four weeks postoperatively were good, the symptoms had disappeared or the patients were improved in most cases, and the flow curves were normalized. Mean observation time was 55 months. After a longer period of time the symptoms in some cases returned, and then the incision was repeated. After the final control, we found 76% of the patients symptomatically improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

DNA distributions in maldescended testes: hyperdiploid aneuploidy without evidence of germ cell neoplasia.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsies and surgical biopsies were obtained from maldescended testes of 149 consecutive men. The aspirates were subjected to quantitative DNA flow cytometry and the surgical biopsy to histological evaluation. From more than 80% of the gonads, sufficient material was obtained for both examinations. A significant hyperdiploid cell population with a mean DNA index of 1.23 (range 1.17-1.31) was found in six gonads. Hyperdiploid aneuploidy was found in gonads without, as well as with, complete spermatogenesis. In none of the six cases did the surgical biopsy show evidence of early testicular neoplasia by morphology or by immunohistochemical methods with antibodies against carcinoma in situ. This indicates that aneuploidies in maldescended testes do not necessarily indicate malignancy. It may be speculated that hyperdiploid aneuploidy is related to the development of preneoplastic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Long-term effect of pelvic floor exercises on female urinary incontinence.

In order to assess the permanent effect of pelvic floor exercises on female stress incontinence, 76 incontinent women, referred for incontinence surgery, underwent a 3-month exercise programme conducted by an experienced physiotherapist. The patients were followed up for 1 year. At the last assessment 30% were cured and 17% improved. Altogether 47% avoided surgery. No relapses were seen during the follow-up period. Patients with mild incontinence benefited from intensified training, since 72% could expect to be cured, while patients with severe incontinence and no immediate effect did not benefit from further exercises. Patients with a positive hormone status and those with normal weight had a significantly higher cure rate. The subjective results were confirmed by the 24-h pad test. Anal pressure profilometry was a valid method for instruction and objective control of pelvic floor function. It was concluded that pelvic floor exercises should precede surgery, since exercises had a permanent effect in half of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Treatment of symptomatic metastatic prostatic cancer with cyproterone acetate versus orchiectomy: a prospective randomized trial.

During a 2-year period, 37 patients with symptomatic metastatic prostatic cancer were included in a prospective randomized phase-III trial. Nineteen patients were randomized to subcapsular orchiectomy, and 18 to cyproterone acetate (CPA) treatment with a dose of 50 mg b.i.d. The median age of the patients was 74 years (range 48-88 years), with no differences between the treatment groups. At 3, 6, and 12 months after initiation of the therapy and then every 6 months, patients were clinically and biochemically examined, and isotope scans and X-rays were performed. All patients were followed until death. Relief from symptoms was found following 3 months of treatment in 70.6% (95% confidence limits = 44.0-89.7%) of the patients treated with CPA, and in 83.3% (95% confidence limits = 58.6-96.4%) of the orchiectomized patients. The median time to relapse was 9 months in the CPA group, and 11 months in the orchiectomy group (p greater than 0.05). The median survival time was 13 months, with no differences between the groups. The treatment of advanced prostatic cancer with CPA is found to be a valuable alternative to orchiectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Abacterial cystitis in urinary incontinent females.

Among the number of urological symptoms in women complaining of incontinence more specific symptoms are often overlooked. Frequency, urge, suprapubic pain, nocturia, etc., are typical for bladder wall disorders, but also often misleading as part of the incontinence symptomatology. The final diagnosis of bladder wall diseases is based on biopsies from the bladder wall. It is noteworthy that the mucosa often looks normal at endoscopy. In this paper several types of abacterial cystitis will be presented to illustrate the difficulty in revealing the diagnosis of bladder wall disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Antiandrogenic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a placebo controlled trial.

In a randomized triple-blind multicentre study, injections with the anti-androgenic agent oxendolone were compared with placebo in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Thirty patients were treated with weekly injections of oxendolone 200 mg during a 3 months' period, and 30 patients were allocated to placebo treatment. During oxendolone treatment the maximum urinary flow rate increased statistically significantly (from 6.8 ml/s to 8.2 ml/s). However compared to placebo, the oxendolone effect was statistically insignificant. A slight but statistically significant improvement of the symptoms "sensation of retention", "urgency" and "frequency", was observed following oxendolone treatment, but an almost identical effect was seen in the placebo group. Following either treatment no change was observed in the residual urine volumes, in prostatic volume as measured by transrectal ultrasonotomography, or in any other therapeutic parameters. Conservative treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with the antiandrogen oxendolone in a dose of 200 mg a week cannot be recommended for clinical use.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Late results of pyeloplasty by the Anderson-Hynes method.

During the period 1979-85, 22 patients underwent operation for hydronephrosis. The surgical method chosen was the Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty. Nine patients out of 15 with impaired function of the affected kidney showed an improvement in function after surgery. Seventy-seven per cent of the patients were totally free of symptoms, 18% improved following operation. The Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty is recommended for patients with symptoms of hydronephrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of carcinoma in situ and other histopathological abnormalities in testes of men with a history of cryptorchidism.

The incidence of invasive testicular cancer is increased in men with a history of cryptorchidism. Previous studies based on relatively small series indicated that the risk of carcinoma in situ of the testis also is increased in these men. In our study 500 consecutive men 20 to 30 years old, who were previously admitted to a department of surgery with the diagnosis of testicular maldescent, were asked to participate in a screening for carcinoma in situ of the testis. Of the men 300 consented to testicular biopsy. The biopsies were evaluated by light microscopy for carcinoma in situ and other histopathological abnormalities. Carcinoma in situ was diagnosed in 5 patients (1.7%, 95% confidence limits 0.5 to 3.9%). However, the true risk of carcinoma in situ might be higher, since 2 men who had been treated for testicular cancer before they were offered biopsy were excluded from the study. Advanced spermatogenesis, including the spermatid stage in all tubules, was found in biopsy specimens from only 37% of the men. In 80% of these specimens even the number of late spermatids was decreased. Thus, our study, based on a large number of testicular biopsies from an unselected group of men with testicular maldescent, provided further evidence that these men have an increased risk for carcinoma in situ of the testis. Our data combined with the results of other Scandinavian studies indicate that the true prevalence of carcinoma in situ in men with a history of cryptorchidism is approximately 2 to 3%. Additionally, we confirmed that spermatogenic function is severely impaired in maldescended gonads. Invasive testicular cancer can be prevented if the neoplasm is detected at the stage of carcinoma in situ. In our opinion the magnitude of prevalence of carcinoma in situ found in men with a history of cryptorchidism justifies that these men should be offered testicular biopsy when they reach adulthood.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Interstitial cystitis: review of the literature.

Interstitial cystitis is a chronic bladder disease of unknown frequency and unclarified etiology. The condition is often missed and the patients incorrectly treated. The problematic patient is often a woman with a long-lasting urological history, sterile urine, urinary incontinence, dyspareunia or chronic pelvic pain. Here characteristics of 5 patients are described and the literature is reviewed to draw attention to this condition.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1988

The intracavernous injection of papaverine as a diagnostic procedure in patients with erectile dysfunction.

To evaluate the use of papaverine-induced erection as a diagnostic test in men with erectile dysfunction, 24 patients had papaverine injected into the corpus cavernosum. The results of the papaverine test in combination with the tentative diagnosis, based upon patient history, clinical examination and peno-brachial pressure index, gave in most cases sufficient information about the function of the penile vessels to decide in which patients a selective arteriography or a cavernosography was indicated. Two patients developed priapism after the papaverine injection.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed1988

Dihydrotestosterone measured in core biopsies from prostatic tissues.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels were measured and related to the content of DNA in 10- to 15-mg tissue samples obtained by punch biopsies from the prostatic gland. The aim of the study was to provide an opportunity to detect the variation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in prostatic tissue on endocrine manipulations in phase III studies of metastatic prostatic cancer. DHT was assayed in ranges of 27.9 to 102.9 pg/ml or when related to DNA from 0.57 to 4.00 pg/micrograms DNA by modifying a commercial testosterone/dihydrotestosterone kit. Preliminary clinical results from nine patients with prostatic cancer and eight with benign hyperplasia showed a significantly lower DHT/DNA ratio in prostatic cancer. The predictive value of the histological grading was improved by estimates of the weighted mean nuclear volume. The trend that mean nuclear volume of prostatic cancer exceeded the mean nuclear volume of hyperplasia was clear, and a significantly larger nuclear variation was demonstrated in the malignant specimens. Neither the DHT/DNA ratio nor the mean nuclear volume appears to be sufficient to guide the handling of individual patients, but the described methods enable us by repeated measurements to follow the course of disease and response to treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Ultrasound in detection of early neoplasia of the testis.

Testicular ultrasound scanning was performed in 192 men with a history of cryptorchidism. The ultrasonic tissue pattern was evaluated and each testis was accordingly given a score on a scale from 1 to 4, 1 representing the normal uniform pattern and 4 being a very irregular pattern. Testicular biopsy of the previously maldescended testicle(s) was carried out in 143 of the scanned men and from two contralateral testicles where the score 4 was given at the ultrasound examination. Two biopsies showed carcinoma-in-situ pattern. Both were found among testes with a very irregular echo pattern. This pattern was found in only 3.2% of all scanned testes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Testicular biopsy as an outpatient procedure in screening for carcinoma-in-situ: complications and the patient's acceptance.

Testicular biopsy has been performed as a simple outpatient procedure to facilitate screening purposes. The target population was men aged 20-30 years with previous cryptorchidism, and the aim of the study was to discover carcinoma-in-situ. When results from the first 209 consecutive males were assessed, very few and minor complications were encountered. Only three patients needed hospitalization for drainage of pus from the wound. The effects of the procedure as experienced by the patients were evaluated by a questionnaire. 72% of the patients found the method acceptable. The advantages were the patients' minimal absence from their jobs, and the low consumption of resources.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Intravesical pressure changes during bladder drainage in patients with acute urinary retention.

Using a transurethral approach intravesical pressure and blood pressure were recorded in 10 males with acute urinary retention during either continuous or fractionated drainage. Upon evacuation of the initial 100 cm3 urine the intravesical pressure declined to approximately 50% of the initial value in both groups relieving pain in all patients. Blood pressure was significantly lowered following the procedure, but clinical manifestations were absent. One patient demonstrated hematuria, but treatment was not necessary. The study renders no support for previous recommendations of fractionated outlet of urine in this condition.

Acute Disease↗